head 1.5; access; symbols netbsd-11-0-RC4:1.3.2.1 TZDATA2026BGTZ:1.1.1.44 netbsd-11-0-RC3:1.3.2.1 TZDATA2026AGTZ:1.1.1.44 netbsd-11-0-RC2:1.3 netbsd-11-0-RC1:1.3 TZDATA2025CGTZ:1.1.1.43 perseant-exfatfs-base-20250801:1.3 netbsd-11:1.3.0.2 netbsd-11-base:1.3 TZDATA2025BGTZ:1.1.1.42 TZDATA2025AGTZ:1.1.1.42 TZDATA2025A:1.1.1.41 netbsd-10-1-RELEASE:1.1.1.36.2.3 TZDATA2024BGTZ:1.1.1.40 perseant-exfatfs-base-20240630:1.1.1.39 perseant-exfatfs:1.1.1.39.0.2 perseant-exfatfs-base:1.1.1.39 netbsd-8-3-RELEASE:1.1.1.17.4.11 netbsd-9-4-RELEASE:1.1.1.24.2.9 netbsd-10-0-RELEASE:1.1.1.36.2.3 netbsd-10-0-RC6:1.1.1.36.2.3 netbsd-10-0-RC5:1.1.1.36.2.3 netbsd-10-0-RC4:1.1.1.36.2.3 TZDATA2024AGTZ:1.1.1.39 netbsd-10-0-RC3:1.1.1.36.2.2 netbsd-10-0-RC2:1.1.1.36.2.2 TZDATA2023DGTZ:1.1.1.38 netbsd-10-0-RC1:1.1.1.36.2.1 TZDATA2023CGTZ:1.1.1.37 TZDATA2023BGTZ:1.1.1.37 TZDATA2023AGTZ:1.1.1.37 netbsd-10:1.1.1.36.0.2 netbsd-10-base:1.1.1.36 TZDATA2022GGTZ:1.1.1.36 TZDATA2022FGTZ:1.1.1.35 TZDATA2022EGTZ:1.1.1.34 TZDATA2022DGTZ:1.1.1.33 TZDATA2022CGTZ:1.1.1.32 netbsd-9-3-RELEASE:1.1.1.24.2.6 TZDATA2022AGTZ:1.1.1.31 cjep_sun2x-base1:1.1.1.30 cjep_sun2x:1.1.1.30.0.4 cjep_sun2x-base:1.1.1.30 cjep_staticlib_x-base1:1.1.1.30 netbsd-9-2-RELEASE:1.1.1.24.2.6 cjep_staticlib_x:1.1.1.30.0.2 cjep_staticlib_x-base:1.1.1.30 TZDATA2021A:1.1.1.30 TZDATA2020F:1.1.1.30 TZDATA2020D:1.1.1.29 netbsd-9-1-RELEASE:1.1.1.24.2.4 TZDATA2020C:1.1.1.28 TZDATA2020B:1.1.1.27 TZDATA2020A:1.1.1.26 phil-wifi-20200421:1.1.1.25 phil-wifi-20200411:1.1.1.25 is-mlppp:1.1.1.25.0.2 is-mlppp-base:1.1.1.25 phil-wifi-20200406:1.1.1.25 netbsd-8-2-RELEASE:1.1.1.17.4.6 netbsd-9-0-RELEASE:1.1.1.24.2.1 netbsd-9-0-RC2:1.1.1.24.2.1 netbsd-9-0-RC1:1.1.1.24.2.1 phil-wifi-20191119:1.1.1.25 TZDATA2019C:1.1.1.25 netbsd-9:1.1.1.24.0.2 netbsd-9-base:1.1.1.24 phil-wifi-20190609:1.1.1.24 netbsd-8-1-RELEASE:1.1.1.17.4.6 netbsd-8-1-RC1:1.1.1.17.4.6 TZDATA2019A:1.1.1.24 pgoyette-compat-merge-20190127:1.1.1.19.2.4 pgoyette-compat-20190127:1.1.1.23 pgoyette-compat-20190118:1.1.1.23 TZDATA2018I:1.1.1.23 TZDATA2018H:1.1.1.23 pgoyette-compat-1226:1.1.1.23 pgoyette-compat-1126:1.1.1.23 TZDATA2018G:1.1.1.23 pgoyette-compat-1020:1.1.1.22 TZDATA2018F:1.1.1.22 pgoyette-compat-0930:1.1.1.21 pgoyette-compat-0906:1.1.1.21 netbsd-7-2-RELEASE:1.1.1.1.4.10 pgoyette-compat-0728:1.1.1.21 netbsd-8-0-RELEASE:1.1.1.17.4.4 phil-wifi:1.1.1.21.0.2 phil-wifi-base:1.1.1.21 pgoyette-compat-0625:1.1.1.21 netbsd-8-0-RC2:1.1.1.17.4.4 pgoyette-compat-0521:1.1.1.21 TZDATA2018E:1.1.1.21 pgoyette-compat-0502:1.1.1.20 pgoyette-compat-0422:1.1.1.20 netbsd-8-0-RC1:1.1.1.17.4.3 pgoyette-compat-0415:1.1.1.20 pgoyette-compat-0407:1.1.1.20 pgoyette-compat-0330:1.1.1.20 TZDATA2018D:1.1.1.20 pgoyette-compat-0322:1.1.1.19 pgoyette-compat-0315:1.1.1.19 netbsd-7-1-2-RELEASE:1.1.1.1.4.7.2.1 pgoyette-compat:1.1.1.19.0.2 pgoyette-compat-base:1.1.1.19 TZDATA2018C:1.1.1.19 netbsd-7-1-1-RELEASE:1.1.1.1.4.7.2.1 matt-nb8-mediatek:1.1.1.17.4.1.0.2 matt-nb8-mediatek-base:1.1.1.17.4.1 TZDATA2017C:1.1.1.18 perseant-stdc-iso10646:1.1.1.17.0.6 perseant-stdc-iso10646-base:1.1.1.17 netbsd-8:1.1.1.17.0.4 netbsd-8-base:1.1.1.17 prg-localcount2-base3:1.1.1.17 prg-localcount2-base2:1.1.1.17 prg-localcount2-base1:1.1.1.17 prg-localcount2:1.1.1.17.0.2 prg-localcount2-base:1.1.1.17 pgoyette-localcount-20170426:1.1.1.17 bouyer-socketcan-base1:1.1.1.17 TZDATA2017B:1.1.1.17 pgoyette-localcount-20170320:1.1.1.17 netbsd-7-1:1.1.1.1.4.7.0.2 netbsd-7-1-RELEASE:1.1.1.1.4.7 TZDATA2017A:1.1.1.17 netbsd-7-1-RC2:1.1.1.1.4.6 netbsd-7-nhusb-base-20170116:1.1.1.1.4.6 bouyer-socketcan:1.1.1.16.0.2 bouyer-socketcan-base:1.1.1.16 pgoyette-localcount-20170107:1.1.1.16 netbsd-7-1-RC1:1.1.1.1.4.6 TZDATA2016J:1.1.1.16 pgoyette-localcount-20161104:1.1.1.15 TZDATA2016I:1.1.1.15 netbsd-7-0-2-RELEASE:1.1.1.1.4.4.2.1 TZDATA2016H:1.1.1.14 TZDATA2016G:1.1.1.13 localcount-20160914:1.1.1.12 netbsd-7-nhusb:1.1.1.1.4.5.0.2 netbsd-7-nhusb-base:1.1.1.1.4.5 TZDATA2016F:1.1.1.12 pgoyette-localcount-20160806:1.1.1.11 pgoyette-localcount-20160726:1.1.1.11 pgoyette-localcount:1.1.1.11.0.2 pgoyette-localcount-base:1.1.1.11 TZDATA2016D:1.1.1.11 netbsd-7-0-1-RELEASE:1.1.1.1.4.4.2.1 TZDATA2016B:1.1.1.10 netbsd-7-0:1.1.1.1.4.4.0.2 netbsd-7-0-RELEASE:1.1.1.1.4.4 TZDATA2015F:1.1.1.9 netbsd-7-0-RC3:1.1.1.1.4.3 netbsd-7-0-RC2:1.1.1.1.4.3 TZDATA2015E:1.1.1.8 netbsd-7-0-RC1:1.1.1.1.4.3 TZDATA2015B:1.1.1.7 TZDATA2015A:1.1.1.6 TZDATA2014J:1.1.1.5 TZDATA2014I:1.1.1.4 TZDATA2014H:1.1.1.3 TZDATA2014G:1.1.1.2 tls-maxphys-base:1.1.1.1 tls-maxphys:1.1.1.1.0.6 netbsd-7:1.1.1.1.0.4 netbsd-7-base:1.1.1.1 tls-earlyentropy:1.1.1.1.0.2 tls-earlyentropy-base:1.1.1.1 TZDATA2014F:1.1.1.1 TZDATA:1.1.1; locks; strict; comment @# @; 1.5 date 2026.03.09.17.29.56; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.4; commitid 828wPnPnB7JNbkxG; 1.4 date 2025.12.19.00.59.25; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.3; commitid ZpAAKqYivWTshXmG; 1.3 date 2025.02.03.04.47.13; author kre; state Exp; branches 1.3.2.1; next 1.2; commitid I5GdBIKhQShiNYHF; 1.2 date 2025.02.02.00.39.55; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1; commitid XKzhe1dLOb7gsPHF; 1.1 date 2014.08.08.08.56.50; author apb; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.1; next ; commitid iGXhXh3Wpi6OlxLx; 1.3.2.1 date 2026.04.02.16.33.43; author martin; state Exp; branches; next ; commitid aup4agd012686pAG; 1.1.1.1 date 2014.08.08.08.56.50; author apb; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.1.2.1 1.1.1.1.4.1 1.1.1.1.6.1; next 1.1.1.2; commitid iGXhXh3Wpi6OlxLx; 1.1.1.2 date 2014.08.31.06.46.22; author apb; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.3; commitid 97niuh41EisdTtOx; 1.1.1.3 date 2014.10.04.11.42.11; author apb; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.4; commitid 3DEqqETZ5KmWqSSx; 1.1.1.4 date 2014.10.23.03.37.22; author apb; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.5; commitid jKnsSpMUSkPJ8hVx; 1.1.1.5 date 2014.11.16.07.08.10; author apb; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.6; commitid 3SkT3wPXTpSexnYx; 1.1.1.6 date 2015.01.31.18.23.15; author apb; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.7; commitid bjXoHWtuRrKnPc8y; 1.1.1.7 date 2015.03.21.15.45.36; author apb; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.8; commitid GIz4juHFOXHDnuey; 1.1.1.8 date 2015.06.21.15.18.57; author apb; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.9; commitid ASMPsep5T29Kgjqy; 1.1.1.9 date 2015.08.11.18.07.09; author apb; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.10; commitid kmpTo6XW4QHazSwy; 1.1.1.10 date 2016.03.15.17.10.28; author christos; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.11; commitid LgY9iK53zwvbgLYy; 1.1.1.11 date 2016.06.01.00.03.15; author agc; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.11.2.1; next 1.1.1.12; commitid SOPsfX18yKYt5H8z; 1.1.1.12 date 2016.08.07.00.49.13; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.13; commitid rhYGciKcCLWDbjhz; 1.1.1.13 date 2016.09.29.20.40.55; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.14; commitid AKHKNrnsUu7T4eoz; 1.1.1.14 date 2016.10.20.23.12.34; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.15; commitid 3et8Pru6nxO2fWqz; 1.1.1.15 date 2016.11.03.09.52.42; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.16; commitid MiCzk6brxTdKmFsz; 1.1.1.16 date 2016.11.24.05.43.25; author kre; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.16.2.1; next 1.1.1.17; commitid iDuhgxvdwCTkjlvz; 1.1.1.17 date 2017.03.01.00.37.28; author kre; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.17.4.1; next 1.1.1.18; commitid G61CluXIjUN4vMHz; 1.1.1.18 date 2017.10.24.01.26.13; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.19; commitid mbHKYe3Y2Ihs9fcA; 1.1.1.19 date 2018.01.24.13.52.14; author kre; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.19.2.1; next 1.1.1.20; commitid PPD9y1NZfop2k8oA; 1.1.1.20 date 2018.03.24.01.45.16; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.21; commitid IWaIjLBDDMC1pEvA; 1.1.1.21 date 2018.05.04.10.53.26; author kre; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.21.2.1; next 1.1.1.22; commitid T65I1ypytjur7YAA; 1.1.1.22 date 2018.10.19.04.31.43; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.23; commitid iPAtPIMEH88HBwWA; 1.1.1.23 date 2018.10.27.20.26.49; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.24; commitid lXtxXiymEWQmDDXA; 1.1.1.24 date 2019.03.26.10.06.21; author kre; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.24.2.1; next 1.1.1.25; commitid 0PGwXCYDuCdCnRgB; 1.1.1.25 date 2019.10.08.02.44.03; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.26; commitid 1AlmCKr6wQbiD0GB; 1.1.1.26 date 2020.04.25.12.16.59; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.27; commitid ABpciWj76gKinL5C; 1.1.1.27 date 2020.10.08.04.27.33; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.28; commitid tv1N52yw9rdnr3rC; 1.1.1.28 date 2020.10.17.08.27.32; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.29; commitid cBKle9eY0XvLtesC; 1.1.1.29 date 2020.10.22.08.23.40; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.30; commitid tk3xk48iapjuiSsC; 1.1.1.30 date 2020.12.31.07.50.10; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.31; commitid ZiQZHrT9SnNrRRBC; 1.1.1.31 date 2022.03.20.17.59.58; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.32; commitid 2CSshxT0svJPXYwD; 1.1.1.32 date 2022.08.17.12.17.52; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.33; commitid u6rSFtMNjFhyfeQD; 1.1.1.33 date 2022.09.28.11.05.42; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.34; commitid 3PdVZgcK4U46vCVD; 1.1.1.34 date 2022.10.13.11.25.04; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.35; commitid g0eArcouiXRN7yXD; 1.1.1.35 date 2022.10.30.01.03.00; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.36; commitid Amc6tVs2mojy8GZD; 1.1.1.36 date 2022.12.11.06.46.59; author kre; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.36.2.1; next 1.1.1.37; commitid GVY8e8XbxvXQG65E; 1.1.1.37 date 2023.03.23.16.31.14; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.38; commitid Wi2azCEtD4c2EgiE; 1.1.1.38 date 2023.12.23.15.38.15; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.39; commitid 7McRjQIF7CaNvBRE; 1.1.1.39 date 2024.02.05.21.34.42; author kre; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.39.2.1; next 1.1.1.40; commitid Ig2l9D6xJLMl4iXE; 1.1.1.40 date 2024.10.29.21.24.47; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.41; commitid vTpQ269FGpZTqBvF; 1.1.1.41 date 2025.02.01.23.00.26; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.42; commitid mdTcRyY35YinUOHF; 1.1.1.42 date 2025.02.02.00.43.12; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.43; commitid pskpHkzc1w3BtPHF; 1.1.1.43 date 2025.12.19.00.58.40; author kre; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.44; commitid VAKtOMN53YKehXmG; 1.1.1.44 date 2026.03.09.17.24.10; author kre; state Exp; branches; next ; commitid cTUY34sPy6nU9kxG; 1.1.1.1.2.1 date 2014.08.08.08.56.50; author tls; state dead; branches; next 1.1.1.1.2.2; commitid igbBQGexpTfGAMLx; 1.1.1.1.2.2 date 2014.08.10.06.51.01; author tls; state Exp; branches; next ; commitid igbBQGexpTfGAMLx; 1.1.1.1.4.1 date 2014.09.21.18.50.41; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.2; commitid VVDYrvzaZp7ccfRx; 1.1.1.1.4.2 date 2014.11.18.18.32.29; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.3; commitid 9Tbhffn21gxrfHYx; 1.1.1.1.4.3 date 2015.03.25.17.09.59; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.4; commitid Wjq3hLIIKowiH0fy; 1.1.1.1.4.4 date 2015.09.10.03.00.37; author snj; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.1; next 1.1.1.1.4.5; commitid lDxmggelKO4mAEAy; 1.1.1.1.4.5 date 2016.04.11.09.59.00; author snj; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.1.4.5.2.1; next 1.1.1.1.4.6; commitid t5XKjevTgDnb1c2z; 1.1.1.1.4.6 date 2016.12.13.07.29.24; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.7; commitid IyKxG8PcDdpGhNxz; 1.1.1.1.4.7 date 2017.03.02.07.46.02; author snj; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.1.4.7.2.1; next 1.1.1.1.4.8; commitid jG5UaWqOyo95QWHz; 1.1.1.1.4.8 date 2017.11.05.20.42.18; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.9; commitid lUyNKQaJmTIaaTdA; 1.1.1.1.4.9 date 2018.03.25.14.06.33; author martin; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.10; commitid 9bv6yBXyEFjntQvA; 1.1.1.1.4.10 date 2018.08.25.15.11.43; author martin; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.11; commitid vuSV7k7TN3teUvPA; 1.1.1.1.4.11 date 2018.10.30.19.29.39; author martin; state Exp; branches; next ; commitid ezVFlUIpUFyOd1YA; 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.1 date 2016.04.11.09.59.57; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.2; commitid TSwDz64NMxnG1c2z; 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.2 date 2016.12.13.07.28.23; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.3; commitid zc2ZPU46EscrhNxz; 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.3 date 2017.03.02.07.44.13; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.4; commitid IzENadUfmsFmPWHz; 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.4 date 2017.11.05.20.44.41; author snj; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.5; commitid CwYTRqFsgKE0bTdA; 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.5 date 2018.03.25.14.11.39; author martin; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.6; commitid tixpPUjkrqqavQvA; 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.6 date 2018.10.30.19.36.51; author martin; state Exp; branches; next ; commitid jr5eATXwdQGhg1YA; 1.1.1.1.4.5.2.1 date 2017.01.18.08.46.22; author skrll; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.1.4.5.2.2; commitid M6f3RyDtiAR3wqCz; 1.1.1.1.4.5.2.2 date 2017.03.13.07.41.25; author skrll; state Exp; branches; next ; 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if you think you know better, # go ahead and edit the file, and please send any changes to # the public mailing list tz@@iana.org for general use in the future. # For more, please see the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): # # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. # # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source # for time zone data was the International Air Transport # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. # # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). # # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for # entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. # # Other sources occasionally used include: # # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), # which I found in the UCLA library. # # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition # # [PDF] (1914-03) # # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # . He writes: # "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables # may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please see the file CONTRIBUTING. # # Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919. # This Russian-language source was consulted by Vladimir Karpinsky; see # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html # The full Russian citation is: # Бялокоз, Евгений Людвигович. Новый счет времени в течении суток # введенный декретом Совета народных комиссаров для всей России с 1-го # июля 1919 г. / Изд. 2-е Междуведомственной комиссии. - Петроград: # Десятая гос. тип., 1919. # http://resolver.gpntb.ru/purl?docushare/dsweb/Get/Resource-2011/Byalokoz__E.L.__Novyy__schet__vremeni__v__techenie__sutok__izd__2(1).pdf # # Brazil's Divisão de Serviços da Hora (DISHO) # History of Summer Time # # (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) # # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; # the rest are variants of the "xMT" pattern for a city's mean time, # or are from other sources. Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) # 1:00 IST GMT Irish Standard (1968-) with winter DST # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899) # 1:36:34 RMT* LST* Riga, Latvian Summer (1880-1926)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 MSK MSD MDST* Moscow # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), re EEC/EC/EU members: # The original six: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, # Luxembourg, the Netherlands. # Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom. # Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece. # Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal. # Plus, from 1 Jan 95: Austria, Finland, Sweden. (Norway negotiated terms for # entry but in a referendum on 28 Nov 94 the people voted No by 52.2% to 47.8% # on a turnout of 88.6%. This was almost the same result as Norway's previous # referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice. # Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.) # ... # Estonia ... uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT. # I don't think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards. # ... # There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules]. # A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact # national law to implement it. The only contentious issue was the # different end date for the UK and Ireland, and this was always allowed # in the Directive. ############################################################################### # Britain (United Kingdom) and Ireland (Eire) # From Peter Ilieve (1994-07-06): # # On 17 Jan 1994 the Independent, a UK quality newspaper, had a piece about # historical vistas along the Thames in west London. There was a photo # and a sketch map showing some of the sightlines involved. One paragraph # of the text said: # # 'An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands # beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude # was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed # this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They # made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, # but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' # # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. # # [This yields STDOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): # # Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time. # The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time, # and it was they who forced a uniform time on the country. # The original idea was credited to Dr. William Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) # and was popularized by Abraham Follett Osler (1808-1903). # The first railway to adopt London time was the Great Western Railway # in November 1840; other railways followed suit, and by 1847 most # (though not all) railways used London time. On 1847-09-22 the # Railway Clearing House, an industry standards body, recommended that GMT be # adopted at all stations as soon as the General Post Office permitted it. # The transition occurred on 12-01 for the L&NW, the Caledonian, # and presumably other railways; the January 1848 Bradshaw's lists many # railways as using GMT. By 1855 the vast majority of public # clocks in Britain were set to GMT (though some, like the great clock # on Tom Tower at Christ Church, Oxford, were fitted with two minute hands, # one for local time and one for GMT). The last major holdout was the legal # system, which stubbornly stuck to local time for many years, leading # to oddities like polls opening at 08:13 and closing at 16:13. # The legal system finally switched to GMT when the Statutes (Definition # of Time) Act took effect; it received the Royal Assent on 1880-08-02. # # In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single # transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much # about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-19): # The ancients had no need for daylight saving, as they kept time # informally or via hours whose length depended on the time of year. # Daylight saving time in its modern sense was invented by the # New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), # whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value # after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. # In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society # that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°. # Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 # http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html # Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal # did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. # # In England, DST was independently reinvented by William Willett (1857-1915), # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society # who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, # but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests. # Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and # it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. # See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18). # A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in # a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular # subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, # designed by G. W. Miller, is the William Willett Memorial Sundial, # which is permanently set to Summer Time. # From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): # It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of # summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country # between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which # plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the # foundations of civilization throughout the world. # -- "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly; # republished in Finest Hour (Spring 2002) 1(114):26 # https://www.winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-114/a-silent-toast-to-william-willett-by-winston-s-churchill # From Paul Eggert (2015-08-08): # The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" # when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this # term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the # proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". # The term "Summer Time" was introduced by Herbert Samuel, Home Secretary; see: # Viscount Samuel. Leisure in a Democracy. Cambridge University Press # ISBN 978-1-107-49471-8 (1949, reissued 2015), p 8. # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. # Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) # From: Jonathan Leffler # [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament. # If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in # politics making a fortune, not computing. # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-14): # I remember reading in various wartime issues of the London Times the # acronym BDST for British Double Summer Time. Look for the published # time of sunrise and sunset in The Times, when BDST was in effect, and # if you find a zone reference it will say, "All times B.D.S.T." # From Joseph S. Myers (1999-09-02): # ... some military cables (WO 219/4100 - this is a copy from the # main SHAEF archives held in the US National Archives, SHAEF/5252/8/516) # agree that the usage is BDST (this appears in a message dated 17 Feb 1945). # From Joseph S. Myers (2000-10-03): # On 18th April 1941, Sir Stephen Tallents of the BBC wrote to Sir # Alexander Maxwell of the Home Office asking whether there was any # official designation; the reply of the 21st was that there wasn't # but he couldn't think of anything better than the "Double British # Summer Time" that the BBC had been using informally. # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png # From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21): # [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time # which is to be introduced in May.... # I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time" # which could not be said to run counter to any official description. # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): # Howse writes (p 157) 'DBST' too, but 'BDST' seems to have been common # and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first, # so we use 'BDST'. # Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. # Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating # and extending this list, which can be found in # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ # From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): # # The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; # see Lord Tanlaw's speech # https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0 # (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976). # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # # For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. # # Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger # are incorrect: # * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until # 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain. # Actually, Wales was identical after 1880. # * Eire had two transitions on 1916 Oct 1. # It actually just had one transition. # * Northern Ireland used single daylight saving time throughout WW II. # Actually, it conformed to Britain. # * GB-Eire changed standard time to 1 hour ahead of GMT on 1968-02-18. # Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time. # Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change). # # Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks & Pottenger: # * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT # to daylight saving time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to # conform with Great Britain. # S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise. # # The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful; # we'll ignore it for now. # * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00. # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-04): # # Dunsink Observatory (8 km NW of Dublin's center) was to Dublin as # Greenwich was to London. For example: # # "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." # -- James Joyce, Ulysses # # The abbreviation DMT stood for "Dublin Mean Time" or "Dunsink Mean Time"; # this being Ireland, opinions differed. # # Whitman says Dublin/Dunsink Mean Time was UT-00:25:21, which agrees # with measurements of recent visitors to the Meridian Room of Dunsink # Observatory; see Malone D. Dunsink and timekeeping. 2016-01-24. # . Malone # writes that the Nautical Almanac listed UT-00:25:22 until 1896, when # it moved to UT-00:25:21.1 (I confirmed that the 1893 edition used # the former and the 1896 edition used the latter). Evidently the # news of this change propagated slowly, as Milne 1899 still lists # UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau. As it is # not clear that there was any practical significance to the change # from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this # transition for now and just use the latter value. # "Countess Markievicz ... claimed that the [1916] abolition of Dublin Mean Time # was among various actions undertaken by the 'English' government that # would 'put the whole country into the SF (Sinn Féin) camp'. She claimed # Irish 'public feeling (was) outraged by forcing of English time on us'." # -- Parsons M. Dublin lost its time zone - and 25 minutes - after 1916 Rising. # Irish Times 2014-10-27. # https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411 # From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): # Irish laws are available online at . # These include various relating to legal time, for example: # # ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html # # ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html # ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html # # ZZSI11Y1961.html ZZSI232Y1961.html ZZSI182Y1962.html # ZZSI167Y1963.html ZZSI257Y1964.html ZZSI198Y1967.html # ZZA23Y1968.html ZZA17Y1971.html # # ZZSI67Y1981.html ZZSI212Y1982.html ZZSI45Y1986.html # ZZSI264Y1988.html ZZSI52Y1990.html ZZSI371Y1992.html # ZZSI395Y1994.html ZZSI484Y1997.html ZZSI506Y2001.html # # [These are all relative to the root, e.g., the first is # .] # # (These are those I found, but there could be more. In any case these # should allow various updates to the comments in the europe file to cover # the laws applicable in Ireland.) # # (Note that the time in the Republic of Ireland since 1968 has been defined # in terms of standard time being GMT+1 with a period of winter time when it # is GMT, rather than standard time being GMT with a period of summer time # being GMT+1.) # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-28): # Clive Feather (, 1997-03-31) # reports that Folkestone (Cheriton) Shuttle Terminal uses Concession Time # (CT), equivalent to French civil time. # Julian Hill (, 1998-09-30) reports that # trains between Dollands Moor (the freight facility next door) # and Frethun run in CT. # My admittedly uninformed guess is that the terminal has two authorities, # the French concession operators and the British civil authorities, # and that the time depends on who you're talking to. # If, say, the British police were called to the station for some reason, # I would expect the official police report to use GMT/BST and not CET/CEST. # This is a borderline case, but for now let's stick to GMT/BST. # From an anonymous contributor (1996-06-02): # The law governing time in Ireland is under Statutory Instrument SI 395/94, # which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive No. 94/21/EC. # Under this directive, the Minister for Justice in Ireland makes appropriate # regulations. I spoke this morning with the Secretary of the Department of # Justice (tel +353 1 678 9711) who confirmed to me that the correct name is # "Irish Summer Time", abbreviated to "IST". # # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-07): # The 1996 anonymous contributor's goal was to determine the correct # abbreviation for summer time in Dublin and so the contributor # focused on the "IST", not on the "Irish Summer Time". Though the # "IST" was correct, the "Irish Summer Time" appears to have been an # error, as Ireland's Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971 states that # standard time in Ireland remains at UT +01 and is observed in # summer, and that Greenwich mean time is observed in winter. (Thanks # to Derick Rethans for pointing out the error.) That is, when # Ireland amended the 1968 act that established UT +01 as Irish # Standard Time, it left standard time unchanged and established GMT # as a negative daylight saving time in winter. So, in this database # IST stands for Irish Summer Time for timestamps before 1968, and for # Irish Standard Time after that. See: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1971/act/17/enacted/en/print # Michael Deckers (2017-06-01) gave the following URLs for Ireland's # Summer Time Act, 1925 and Summer Time Orders, 1926 and 1947: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Summer Time Act, 1916 Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - May 21 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1917, No. 358 Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1918, No. 274 Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Mar 24 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Sep 30 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1919, No. 297 Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Sep 29 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1920, No. 458 Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Mar 28 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1920, No. 1844 Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Oct 25 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1921, No. 363 Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1922, No. 264 Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Oct 8 2:00s 0 GMT # The Summer Time Act, 1922 Rule GB-Eire 1923 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1923 1924 - Sep Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1924 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1925 1926 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST # The Summer Time Act, 1925 Rule GB-Eire 1925 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1927 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1928 1929 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1930 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1931 1932 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1933 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1934 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1935 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1936 1937 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1938 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1939, No. 1379 Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Nov Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1940, No. 172 and No. 1883 Rule GB-Eire 1940 only - Feb Sun>=23 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1941, No. 476 Rule GB-Eire 1941 only - May Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1941 1943 - Aug Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1942, No. 506 Rule GB-Eire 1942 1944 - Apr Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST # S.R.&O. 1944, No. 932 Rule GB-Eire 1944 only - Sep Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1945, No. 312 Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Apr Mon>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Jul Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1945, No. 1208 Rule GB-Eire 1945 1946 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST # The Summer Time Act, 1947 Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Mar 16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Apr 13 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Aug 10 1:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1948 (S.I. 1948/495) Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Oct 31 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1949 (S.I. 1949/373) Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Oct 30 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1950 (S.I. 1950/518) # Summer Time Order, 1951 (S.I. 1951/430) # Summer Time Order, 1952 (S.I. 1952/451) Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Apr Sun>=14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00s 0 GMT # revert to the rules of the Summer Time Act, 1925 Rule GB-Eire 1953 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1955 1956 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1957 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1958 1959 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST # Summer Time Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/71) # Summer Time (1962) Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/2465) # Summer Time Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/81) Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1961 1968 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time (1964) Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/2101) # Summer Time Order, 1964 (S.I. 1964/1201) # Summer Time Order, 1967 (S.I. 1967/1148) Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST # Summer Time Order, 1968 (S.I. 1968/117) Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 2:00s 1:00 BST # The British Standard Time Act, 1968 # (no summer time) # The Summer Time Act, 1972 Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1980 (S.I. 1980/1089) # Summer Time Order, 1982 (S.I. 1982/1673) # Summer Time Order, 1986 (S.I. 1986/223) # Summer Time Order, 1988 (S.I. 1988/931) Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1989 (S.I. 1989/985) # Summer Time Order, 1992 (S.I. 1992/1729) # Summer Time Order 1994 (S.I. 1994/2798) Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT # Summer Time Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/2982) # See EU for rules starting in 1996. # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Jersey -0:08:26 - LMT 1898 Jun 11 16:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Guernsey -0:10:09 - LMT 1913 Jun 18 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Isle_of_Man -0:17:55 - LMT 1883 Mar 30 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15): # In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the # Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # # To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the # following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps # after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst # flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often # suffices.... # # The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. It is for when # negative SAVE values are used. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] #STDOFF -0:25:21.1 Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1:00 Eire IST/GMT # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST # End of rearguard section. ############################################################################### # Europe # The following rules are for the European Union and for its # predecessor organization, the European Communities. # For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - # The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: # Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council # of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. # http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT # W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Older C-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables. # From 1977 on, C-Eur differs from EU only in that C-Eur uses standard time. Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-07-13): # # I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s # in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was # corrected in version 2008d). The circumstantial evidence is simply the # tz database itself, as seen below: # # Zone Europe/Paris ... # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 # # Zone Europe/Monaco ... # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 # # Zone Europe/Belgrade ... # 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s # # Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - # Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # # The rule line to be changed is: # # Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 - # # It seems that Paris, Monaco, Rule France, Rule Belgium all agree on # 2:00 standard time, e.g. 3:00 local time. However there are no # countries that use C-Eur rules in September 1945, so the only items # affected are apparently these fictitious zones that translate acronyms # CET and MET: # # Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT # Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT # # It this is right then the corrected version would look like: # # Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # # A small step for mankind though 8-) Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - # E-Eur differs from EU only in that E-Eur switches at midnight local time. Rule E-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule E-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule E-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - # Daylight saving time for Russia and the Soviet Union # # The 1917-1921 decree URLs are from Alexander Belopolsky (2016-08-23). # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 MST # Moscow Summer Time # # Decree No. 142 (1917-12-22) http://istmat.info/node/28137 Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 MMT # Moscow Mean Time # # Decree No. 497 (1918-05-30) http://istmat.info/node/30001 Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time Rule Russia 1918 only - Sep 16 1:00 1:00 MST # # Decree No. 258 (1919-05-29) http://istmat.info/node/37949 Rule Russia 1919 only - May 31 23:00 2:00 MDST # Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 0:00u 1:00 MSD Rule Russia 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 MSK # # Decree No. 63 (1921-02-03) http://istmat.info/node/45840 Rule Russia 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 MSD # # Decree No. 121 (1921-03-07) http://istmat.info/node/45949 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 +05 # Rule Russia 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 MSD Rule Russia 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - # Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24): Rule Russia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Russia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - # Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in # Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14): Rule Russia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S # Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - # As described below, Russia's 2014 change affects Zone data, not Rule data. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Wikipedia and other sources refer to the Act of the Council of # Ministers of the USSR from 1988-01-04 No. 5 and the Act of the # Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1989-03-14 No. 227. # # I did not find full texts of these acts. For the 1989 one we have # title at https://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : # "About change in calculation of time on the territories of # Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR, Astrakhan, # Kaliningrad, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk and Uralsk oblasts". # And http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt appears to # contain quotes from both acts: Since last Sunday of March 1988 rules # of the second time belt are installed in Volgograd and Saratov # oblasts. Since last Sunday of March 1989: # a) Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, Estonian SSR, Kaliningrad oblast: # second time belt rules without extra hour (Moscow-1); # b) Astrakhan, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk oblasts: second time belt # rules (Moscow time) # c) Uralsk oblast: third time belt rules (Moscow+1). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): # Unamended version of the act of the # Government of the Russian Federation No. 23 from 08.01.1992 # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102014034&rdk=0 # says that every year clocks were to be moved forward on last Sunday # of March at 2 hours and moved backwards on last Sunday of September # at 3 hours. It was amended in 1996 to replace September with October. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14): # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011. # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. # # Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 # # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): # https://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered # to be standard. # Previous editions of this database used abbreviations like MET DST # for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage. # From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): # The official German names ... are # # Mitteleuropäische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 # Mitteleuropäische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 # # as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz über die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), # 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... # I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution # # Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) # Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit" # Postfach 3345 # D-38023 Braunschweig # phone: +49 531 592-0 # # ... I received today an answer letter from Dr. Peter Hetzel, head of the PTB # department for time and frequency transmission. He explained that the # PTB translates MEZ and MESZ into English as # # Central European Time (CET) = UTC+01:00 # Central European Summer Time (CEST) = UTC+02:00 # Albania # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Albania 1940 only - Jun 16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - Rule Albania 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1943 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 - Rule Albania 1974 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1974 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1975 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1975 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1976 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1976 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1977 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1977 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1978 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1979 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1980 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1980 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1981 only - Apr 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1981 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1982 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1982 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1983 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1984 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Tirane 1:19:20 - LMT 1914 1:00 - CET 1940 Jun 16 1:00 Albania CE%sT 1984 Jul 1:00 EU CE%sT # Andorra # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30 1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 1:00 EU CE%sT # Austria # Milne says Vienna time was 1:05:21. # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and # 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and # Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged" # date of 1945-04-12 with no time. For the 1980-04-06 transition # Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, # and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12. # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-22): # In 1946 the end of DST was on Monday, 7 October 1946, at 3:00 am. # Shanks had this right. Source: Die Weltpresse, 5. Oktober 1946, page 5. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1920 only - Sep 13 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Austria 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vienna 1:05:21 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1920 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Apr 12 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1946 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Belarus # # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-02): # http://www.lawbelarus.com/repub/sub30/texf9611.htm # (Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus from # 1992-03-25 No. 157) ... says clocks were to be moved forward at 2:00 # on last Sunday of March and backward at 3:00 on last Sunday of September # (the same as previous USSR and contemporary Russian regulations). # # From Yauhen Kharuzhy (2011-09-16): # By latest Belarus government act Europe/Minsk timezone was changed to # GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). # # Sources (Russian language): # http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html # http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ # https://news.tut.by/society/250578.html # # From Alexander Bokovoy (2014-10-09): # Belarussian government decided against changing to winter time.... # http://eng.belta.by/all_news/society/Belarus-decides-against-adjusting-time-in-Russias-wake_i_76335.html # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - %z # Belgium # # From Michael Deckers (2019-08-25): # The exposition in the web page # https://www.bestor.be/wiki/index.php/Voyager_dans_le_temps._L%E2%80%99introduction_de_la_norme_de_Greenwich_en_Belgique # gives several contemporary sources from which one can conclude that # the switch in Europe/Brussels on 1892-05-01 was from 00:17:30 to 00:00:00. # # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # This quote helps explain the late-1914 situation: # In early November 1914, the Germans imposed the time zone used in central # Europe and forced the inhabitants to set their watches and public clocks # sixty minutes ahead. Many were reluctant to accept "German time" and # continued to use "Belgian time" among themselves. Reflecting the spirit of # resistance that arose in the population, a song made fun of this change.... # The song ended: # Putting your clock forward # Will but hasten the happy hour # When we kick out the Boches! # See: Pluvinage G. Brussels on German time. Cahiers Bruxellois - # Brusselse Cahiers. 2014;XLVI(1E):15-38. # https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-bruxellois-2014-1E-page-15.htm # # Entries from 1914 through 1917 are taken from "De tijd in België" # . # Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: # Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, # Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe année, 1991 # (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), # pp 8-9. # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for the 1918/1991 references. # The 1918 rules are listed for completeness; they apply to unoccupied Belgium. # Assume Brussels switched to WET in 1918 when the armistice took effect. # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Belgium 1918 only - Mar 9 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1918 1919 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1922 1927 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S # DISHO writes that a royal decree of 1926-02-22 specified the Sun following 3rd # Sat in Apr (except if it's Easter, in which case it's one Sunday earlier), # to Sun following 1st Sat in Oct, and that a royal decree of 1928-09-15 # changed the transition times to 02:00 GMT. Rule Belgium 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1928 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1929 only - Apr 21 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1930 only - Apr 13 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1931 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1932 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1933 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1934 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1935 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1936 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1937 only - Apr 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1938 only - Mar 27 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1939 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1939 only - Nov 19 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1946 only - May 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 00:17:30 0:00 - WET 1914 Nov 8 1:00 - CET 1916 May 1 0:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Nov 11 11:00u 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 20 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 3 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Bosnia & Herzegovina # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT # Bulgaria # # From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No. 94/1997) says: # EET -> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... # EETDST -> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 - Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1894 Nov 30 # Istanbul MT? 2:00 - EET 1942 Nov 2 3:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 - CET 1945 Apr 2 3:00 2:00 - EET 1979 Mar 31 23:00 2:00 Bulg EE%sT 1982 Sep 26 3:00 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2:00 EU EE%sT # Croatia # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT # Cyprus # Please see the 'asia' file for Asia/Nicosia. # Czech Republic (Czechia) # # From Ivan Benovic (2024-01-30): # https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1946/54/ # (This is an official link to the Czechoslovak Summer Time Act of # March 8, 1946 that authorizes the Czechoslovak government to set the # exact dates of change to summer time and back to Central European Time. # The act also implicitly confirms Central European Time as the # official time zone of Czechoslovakia and currently remains in force # in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia.) # https://www.psp.cz/eknih/1945pns/tisky/t0216_00.htm # (This is a link to the original legislative proposal dating back to # February 22, 1946. The accompanying memorandum to the proposal says # that an advisory committee on European railroad transportation that # met in Brussels in October 1945 decided that the change of time # should be carried out in all participating countries in a strictly # coordinated manner....) # # From Paul Eggert (2024-01-30): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas # Its main text disagrees with its quoted sources only in 1918, # where the main text says spring and autumn transitions # occurred at 02:00 and 03:00 respectively (as usual), # whereas the 1918 source "Oznámení o zavedení letního času v roce 1918" # says transitions were at 01:00 and 02:00 respectively. # As the 1918 source appears to be a humorous piece, and it is # unlikely that Prague would have disagreed with its neighbors by an hour, # go with the main text for now. # # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time; # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT. # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Czech 1946 only - May 6 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # End of rearguard section. 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979 1:00 EU CE%sT # Denmark # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 - Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 - # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Faroe Is # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn 0:00 - WET 1981 0:00 EU WE%sT # Greenland # # From Paul Eggert (2026-01-22): # During World War II, Greenland was effectively independent of Denmark and # observed daylight saving time. TIME, volume 37, page 23 (1941-04-21) # says, # "Penfield and West made their way to the U.S.'s most northerly consulate. # They were astonished to find that Greenlanders, with almost 24 hours of # sunlight a day during the summer, have daylight saving time." # As the details are unknown they are omitted from the data for now. # # During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in # East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones. # Also, they're likely out of scope for the database # as we lack resources to track every bit of military activity. # My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. # # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-10): # Greenland joined the European Communities as part of Denmark, # obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, and left the European Communities # on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU # rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthåb # used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU # rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-06), citing # (2001-03-15), # and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: # # Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC # is according to the following time line: # # The military zone near Thule UTC-4 # Standard Greenland time UTC-3 # Scoresbysund UTC-1 # Danmarkshavn UTC # # In the military area near Thule and in Danmarkshavn DST will not be # introduced. # From Rives McDow (2001-11-01): # # I correspond regularly with the Dansk Polarcenter, and wrote them at # the time to clarify the situation in Thule. Unfortunately, I have # not heard back from them regarding my recent letter. [But I have # info from earlier correspondence.] # # According to the center, a very small local time zone around Thule # Air Base keeps the time according to UTC-4, implementing daylight # savings using North America rules, changing the time at 02:00 local time.... # # The east coast of Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund # uses UTC in the same way as in Iceland, year round, with no dst. # There are just a few stations on this coast, including the # Danmarkshavn ICAO weather station mentioned in your September 29th # email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in # Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the # DPC research station at Zackenberg. # # Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use # the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthåb). # # The rest of Greenland, including Godthåb (this area, although it # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time # UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. # # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators # maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of # this area is that it sticks with Godthåb time. This area might be # considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. # From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): # I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place # there at 2:00 AM. # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; # the 1995 map as like Godthåb. # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996. # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20): # "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named # "National Park" by Executive Order: # http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf # It is their only National Park. # From Jonas Nyrup (2022-11-24): # On last Saturday in October 2023 when DST ends America/Nuuk will switch # from -03/-02 to -02/-01 # https://sermitsiaq.ag/forslagtidsforskel-danmark-mindskes-sommertid-beholdes # ... # https://sermitsiaq.ag/groenland-skifte-tidszone-trods-bekymringer # # From Jürgen Appel (2022-11-25): # https://ina.gl/samlinger/oversigt-over-samlinger/samling/dagsordener/dagsorden.aspx?lang=da&day=24-11-2022 # # From Thomas M. Steenholdt (2022-12-02): # - The bill to move America/Nuuk from UTC-03 to UTC-02 passed. # - The bill to stop observing DST did not (Greenland will stop observing DST # when EU does). # Details on the implementation are here (section 6): # https://ina.gl/dvd/EM%202022/pdf/media/2553529/pkt17_em2022_tidens_bestemmelse_bem_da.pdf # This is how the change will be implemented: # 1. The shift *to* DST in 2023 happens as normal. # 2. The shift *from* DST in 2023 happens as normal, but coincides with the # shift to UTC-02 normaltime (people will not change their clocks here). # 3. After this, DST is still observed, but as -02/-01 instead of -03/-02. # # From Múte Bourup Egede via Jógvan Svabo Samuelsen (2023-03-15): # Greenland will not switch to Daylight Saving Time this year, 2023, # because the standard time for Greenland will change from UTC -3 to UTC -2. # However, Greenland will change to Daylight Saving Time again in 2024 # and onwards. # From Jule Dabars (2023-10-29): # https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/seneste/i-nat-skal-uret-stilles-en-time-tilbage-men-foerste-gang-sker-det-ikke-i-groenland # with a link to that page: # https://naalakkersuisut.gl/Nyheder/2023/10/2710_sommertid # ... Ittoqqortoormiit joins the time of Nuuk at March 2024. # What would mean that America/Scoresbysund would either be in -01 year round # or in -02/-01 like America/Nuuk, but no longer in -01/+00. # # From Paul Eggert (2023-10-29): # For now, assume it will be like America/Nuuk. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 1996 0:00 - GMT # # Use the old name Scoresbysund, as the current name Ittoqqortoormiit # exceeds tzdb's 14-letter limit and has no common English abbreviation. Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit -2:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur %z 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU %z 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU %z Zone America/Nuuk -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Godthåb -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - %z 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU %z Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik -4:00 Thule A%sT # Estonia # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # # From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15): # A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards # [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it, # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989.... # # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28): # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s, # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:] # "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia.... # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to # summer time next spring." # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law # http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390 # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between # the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120). # # I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation # for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" # (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) # via Steffen Thorsen: # This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, # a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... # But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European # Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory # for all member states until 2001. Brussels has yet to decide what to do # after that. # From Mart Oruaas (2000-01-29): # Regulation No. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation # No. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all # the year round. The regulation is effective 1999-11-01. # From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21): # The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. # Now we are using again EU rules. # # From Urmet Jänes (2002-03-28): # The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 15 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 22 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 Sep 22 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Oct 31 4:00 2:00 - EET 2002 Feb 21 2:00 EU EE%sT # Finland # From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC): # Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one, # and it's supposed to change at 4am... # From Janne Snabb (2010-07-15): # # I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982. # During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour # earlier than in forthcoming years. Starting 1983 the adjustment was made # according to the central European standards. # # This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac # Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in # Finnish) at # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf # # Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings # transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. # # This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: # http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 # # The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not # exist tonight." # From Konstantin Hyppönen (2014-06-13): # [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013] # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf # pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 # say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942, # 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper # mentions "on the night from Thursday to Friday".... # On Oct 4 1942, clocks were moved at 1:00 one hour backwards. # # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-14): # Go with Oja over Shanks. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 2 24:00 1:00 S Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 4 1:00 0 - Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document). # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] #STDOFF 1:39:49.2 Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31 1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 2:00 EU EE%sT # Åland Is Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn # France # From Robert H. van Gent (2025-07-21): # The most recent issue of the Annuaire [par le Bureau des Longitudes] # on Gallica (2021) ... lists information for France # https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9127672b/f52.item # From Paul Eggert (2025-07-21): # Go with the 2020 Annuaire (published 2021) except as noted below. # From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): # # Henri Le Corre, Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, Éditions # Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 # # Gabriel, Traité de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Trédaniel, # Paris, 1991 # # Françoise Gauquelin, Problèmes de l'heure résolus en astrologie, # Guy Trédaniel, Paris 1987 # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-11): # the law of 1891 # was published on 1891-03-15, so it could only take force on 1891-03-16. # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-10): # Le Gaulois, 1911-03-11, page 1/6, online at # https://www.retronews.fr/societe/echo-de-presse/2018/01/29/1911-change-lheure-de-paris # ... [ Instantly, all pressure driven clock dials halted... Nine minutes and # twenty-one seconds later the hands resumed their circular motion. ] # There are also precise reports about how the change was prepared in train # stations: all the publicly visible clocks stopped at midnight railway time # (or were covered), only the chief of service had a watch, labeled # "Heure ancienne", that he kept running until it reached 00:04:21, when # he announced "Heure nouvelle". See the "Le Petit Journal 1911-03-11". # https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6192911/f1.item.zoom # # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): # That "all French clocks stopped" for 00:09:21 is a misreading of French # newspapers; this sort of adjustment applies only to certain # remote-controlled clocks ("pendules pneumatiques", of which there existed # perhaps a dozen in Paris, and which simply could not be set back remotely), # but not to all the clocks in all French towns and villages. For instance, # the following story in the "Courrier de Saône-et-Loire" 1911-03-11, page 2: # only works if legal time was stepped back (was not monotone): ... # [One can observe that children who had been born at midnight less 5 # minutes and who had died at midnight of the old time, would turn out to # be dead before being born, time having been set back and having # suppressed 9 minutes and 25 seconds of their existence, that is, more # than they could spend.] # # From Paul Eggert (2020-06-12): # French time in railway stations was legally five minutes behind civil time, # which explains why railway "old time" ran to 00:04:21 instead of to 00:09:21. # The law's text (which Michael Deckers noted is at # ) says only that # at 1911-03-11 00:00 legal time was that of Paris mean time delayed by # nine minutes and twenty-one seconds, and does not say how the # transition from Paris mean time was to occur. # # tzdb has no way to represent stopped clocks. As the railway practice # was to keep a watch running on "old time" to decide when to restart # the other clocks, this could be modeled as a transition for "old time" at # 00:09:21. However, since the law was ambiguous and clocks outside railway # stations were probably done haphazardly with the popular impression being # that the transition was done at 00:00 "old time", simply leave the time # blank; this causes zic to default to 00:00 "old time" which is good enough. # Do something similar for the 1891-03-16 transition. There are similar # problems in Algiers, Monaco and Tunis. # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S # From Robert H. van Gent (2025-07-22): # There is a curious history behind the erroneous date for the start of # daylight saving in France in 1923 as listed in the current issues of # the Annuaire du Bureau des Longitudes. [See:] # https://lists.iana.org/hyperkitty/list/tz@@iana.org/message/MYQEJMSXO2AIEZ3UIXZKMTTAIPY7KNT2/ # From Brian Inglis (2025-07-23): # Légifrance JORF No. 0073 du 15 mars 1922 # https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000008324 # Légifrance JORF No. 0139 du 25 mai 1923 # https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000008416 # From Paul Eggert (2025-07-23): # The latter specifies March's last Saturday at 23:00 to October's first # Saturday at 24:00, except that if neighboring allies agree the dates # can be moved to April's third Saturday and September's third Saturday. # Apparently spring 1923 was tricky. DISHO writes that in 1930, # because of Easter, the transitions were Apr 12 and Oct 5. # Use the 2020 Annuaire dates, except for spring 1923 where # Shanks & Pottenger's May 26 matches the dates given in the 1924 and # 1961-2001 issues of the Annuaire. Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1930 only - Apr 12 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1933 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S # The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger # write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. # Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arnéguy, Orthez, # Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamothe-Montravel, Marœuil, La # Rochefoucauld, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, # Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, # Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalon-sur-Saône, Arbois, # Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer # Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, # but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), # who quotes the Ephémérides astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes # as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1943 only - Oct 4 3:00 1:00 S Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00; # go with Excoffier's 28/3/76 0hUT and 25/9/76 23hUT. Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 S Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 - # Howse writes that the time in France was officially based # on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time # Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre. 0:00 France WE%sT 1940 Jun 14 23:00 # Le Corre says Paris stuck with occupied-France time after the liberation; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 25 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Germany # From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29): # The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische # Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. # [See tz-link.html for the URL.] # From Jörg Schilling (2002-10-23): # In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by # https://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/ # General [Nikolai] Bersarin. # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): # http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf # says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. # However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so # this was equivalent to UT +03, not +04. # From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From # and # ). The law/regulation # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From # ) I have not been # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): # # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was # keeping Berlin time. # # says that the meteorologists # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite # frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. # # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an # Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says # ). The Svalbard FAQ # says that the Germans were # expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, # and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) # http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin # for these regions. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Germany 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Germany 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # https://www.ptb.de/cms/en/ptb/fachabteilungen/abt4/fb-44/ag-441/realisation-of-legal-time-in-germany/dst-and-midsummer-dst-in-germany-until-1979.html # says the following transition occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ # given in Shanks & Pottenger. Go with the PTB. Rule Germany 1947 only - Apr 6 3:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1947 only - May 11 2:00s 2:00 M Rule Germany 1947 only - Jun 29 3:00 1:00 S Rule Germany 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S Rule SovietZone 1945 only - May 24 2:00 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Sep 24 3:00 1:00 S Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Georgia # Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi. # Herodotus (Histories, IV.45) says Georgia north of the Phasis (now Rioni) # is in Europe. Our reference location Tbilisi is in the Asian part. # Gibraltar # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 1:00 - CET 1982 1:00 EU CE%sT # Greece # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 - Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1975 only - Nov 26 0:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1976 only - Apr 11 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1976 only - Oct 10 2:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1977 only - Sep 26 2:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1978 only - Sep 24 4:00 0 - Rule Greece 1979 only - Apr 1 9:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1979 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - Rule Greece 1980 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14 1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30 1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981 # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; # go with EU rules instead, since Greece joined Jan 1. 2:00 EU EE%sT # Hungary # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-09): # an Austrian encyclopedia of railroads of 1913, online at # http://www.zeno.org/Roell-1912/A/Eisenbahnzeit # says that the switch [to CET] happened on 1890-11-01. # From Géza Nyáry (2020-06-07): # Data for 1918-1983 are based on the archive database of Library Hungaricana. # The dates are collected from original, scanned governmental orders, # bulletins, instructions and public press. # [See URLs below.] # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1918/?pg=238 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1919/?pg=808 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1920/?pg=201 Rule Hungary 1918 1919 - Apr 15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1918 1920 - Sep Mon>=15 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1945/?pg=882 Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1946_03/?pg=49 Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1946_09/?pg=54 Rule Hungary 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KulfBelfHirek_1947_04_1__001-123/?pg=90 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DunantuliNaplo_1947_09/?pg=128 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KulfBelfHirek_1948_03_3__001-123/?pg=304 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Zala_1948_09/?pg=64 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SatoraljaujhelyiLeveltar_ZempleniNepujsag_1948/?pg=53 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SatoraljaujhelyiLeveltar_ZempleniNepujsag_1948/?pg=160 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/UjSzo_1949_01-04/?pg=102 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KeletMagyarorszag_1949_03/?pg=96 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1949_09/?pg=94 Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1954/?pg=513 Rule Hungary 1954 only - May 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1954 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1955/?pg=398 Rule Hungary 1955 only - May 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1955 only - Oct 2 3:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/HevesMegyeiNepujsag_1956_06/?pg=0 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/EszakMagyarorszag_1956_06/?pg=6 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SzolnokMegyeiNeplap_1957_04/?pg=120 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/PestMegyeiHirlap_1957_09/?pg=143 Rule Hungary 1956 1957 - Jun Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1956 1957 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=189 Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1980 only - Sep 28 1:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=1227 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1981_01/?pg=79 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1982/?pg=115 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1983/?pg=85 Rule Hungary 1981 1983 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1981 1983 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Nov 1 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1941/?pg=1204 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1942/?pg=3955 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 7 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1984 1:00 EU CE%sT # Iceland # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - # 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - # 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - # 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908 -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s 0:00 - GMT # Italy # # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06): # Sicily and Sardinia each had their own time zones from 1866 to 1893, # called Palermo Time (+00:53:28) and Cagliari Time (+00:36:32). # During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time. # But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff, # so record only the time in Rome. # # From Stephen Trainor (2019-05-06): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale/ORA_LEGALE_ESTIVA_IN_ITALIA.htm # ... the [1866] law went into effect on 12 December 1866, rather than # the date of the decree (22 Sep 1866) # https://web.archive.org/web/20070824155341/http://www.iav.it/planetario/didastro/didastro/english.htm # ... "In Italy in 1866 there were 6 railway times (Torino, Verona, Firenze, # Roma, Napoli, Palermo). On that year it was decided to unify them, adopting # the average time of Rome (even if this city was not yet part of the # kingdom). On the 12th December 1866, on the starting of the winter time # table, it took effect in the railways, the post office and the telegraph, # not only for the internal service but also for the public.... Milano set # the public watches on the Rome time on the same day (12th December 1866), # Torino and Bologna on the 1st January 1867, Venezia the 1st May 1880 and the # last city was Cagliari in 1886." # # From Luigi Rosa (2019-05-07): # this is the scan of the decree: # http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/filopanti/1866c.jpg # # From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10 # ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into # force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in # the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin...." # # From Pierpaolo Bernardi (2016-10-20): # The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological # institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at # http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml # [now at http://oldsite.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml as of 2017] # (2016-10-24): # http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/ # has still different data for 1944. It divides Italy in two, as # there were effectively two governments at the time, north of Gothic # Line German controlled territory, official government RSI, and south # of the Gothic Line, controlled by allied armies. # # From Brian Inglis (2016-10-23): # Viceregal LEGISLATIVE DECREE. 14 September 1944, no. 219. # Restoration of Standard Time. (044U0219) (OJ 62 of 30.9.1944) ... # Given the R. law decreed on 1944-03-29, no. 92, by which standard time is # advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ... # Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed. # # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-02): # I spent 6 Euros to buy two archive copies of Il Messaggero, a Roman paper, # for 1 and 2 April 1944. The edition of 2 April has this note: "Tonight at 2 # am, put forward the clock by one hour. Remember that in the night between # today and Monday the 'ora legale' will come in force again." That makes it # clear that in Rome the change was on Monday, 3 April 1944 at 2 am. # # From Paul Eggert (2021-10-05): # Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944 # for the Kingdom of Italy. This is consistent with Renzo Baldini. # Model Rome's occupation by using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 # to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it # was effectively controlled by Germany. Using C-Eur is consistent # with Treindl's comment about Rome in April 1944, as the "Rule Italy" # lines during German occupation do not affect Europe/Rome # (though they do affect Europe/Malta). # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 1917 - Sep 30 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Mar 31 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 9 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Oct 6 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 1 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1919 only - Oct 4 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1944 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 only - Sep 24 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1967 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Dec 12 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:00u # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1943 Sep 10 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jun 4 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Kosovo # See Europe/Belgrade. # Latvia # From Liene Kanepe (1998-09-17): # I asked about this matter Scientific Secretary of the Institute of Astronomy # of The University of Latvia Dr. paed Mr. Ilgonis Vilks. I also searched the # correct data in juridical acts and I found some juridical documents about # changes in the counting of time in Latvia from 1981.... # # Act No. 35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1981-01-22 ... # according to the Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1980-10-24 # ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning # the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on 1 April at 00:00 (GMT 31 March 21:00) # and 1 hour backward on the 1 October at 00:00 (GMT 30 September 20:00). # # Act No. 592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1984-09-24 ... # according to the Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1984-09-13 # ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning # the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on the last Sunday of March at 02:00 # (GMT 23:00 on the previous day) and 1 hour backward on the last Sunday of # September at 03:00 (GMT 23:00 on the previous day). # # Act No. 81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1989-03-22 ... # according to the Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1989-03-14 # ...: since the last Sunday of March 1989 in Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, # Estonian SSR and Kaliningrad region of Russian Federation all year round the # time of 2nd time zone (Moscow time minus one hour). On the territory of Latvia # transition to summer time is performed on the last Sunday of March at 02:00 # (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour forward. The end of # daylight saving time is performed on the last Sunday of September at 03:00 # (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour backward. Exception is # 1989-03-26, when we must not turn the hands of the clock.... # # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of # 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of # daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. # From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): # This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of # 29-Feb-2000 (No. 79) , # in Latvian for subscribers only). # From RFE/RL Newsline # http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html # (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: # The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will # institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. # Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their # clocks one hour in the spring.... # Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvītis noted that Latvia had too few # daylight hours and thus decided to comply with a draft European # Commission directive that provides for instituting daylight-saving # time in EU countries between 2002 and 2006. The Latvian government # urged Lithuania and Estonia to adopt a similar time policy, but it # appears that they will not do so.... # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - # Milne 1899 says Riga was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). # Byalokoz 1919 says Latvia was 1:36:34. # Go with Byalokoz. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:34 - LMT 1880 1:36:34 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 # Riga MT 1:36:34 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 # Latvian ST 1:36:34 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1:36:34 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 1:36:34 - RMT 1926 May 11 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s 2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29 2:00 - EET 2001 Jan 2 2:00 EU EE%sT # Liechtenstein # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Lithuania # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): # IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is # known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too. # From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07): # I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone # (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. # From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) , # via Steffen Thorsen: # Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) # to be valid here starting from October 31, # as decided by the national government on Wednesday.... # The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was # already done by Estonia. # From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism # (2000-03-27): # Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. # From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): # As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will # observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid # down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its # neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of # 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at # http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:35:36 - KMT 1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time 1:00 - CET 1920 Jul 12 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9 1:00 - CET 1940 Aug 3 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2003 Jan 1 2:00 EU EE%sT # Luxembourg # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 - Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # North Macedonia # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT # Malta # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-21): # Assume 1900-1972 was like Rome, overriding Shanks. # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 - Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 - Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31 1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Moldova # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # the act of the government of the Republic of Moldova Nr. 132 from 1990-05-04 # ... says that since 1990-05-06 on the territory of the Moldavian SSR # time would be calculated as the standard time of the second time belt # plus one hour of the "summer" time. To implement that clocks would be # adjusted one hour backwards at 1990-05-06 2:00. After that "summer" # time would be cancelled last Sunday of September at 3:00 and # reintroduced last Sunday of March at 2:00. # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write # that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00. # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area # and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. # But [two people] separately reported via # Jesper Nørgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. # The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): # Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as # "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition # to the Winter Time). # # News (in Russian): # http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html # http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html # # The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) # is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) # # From Tim Parenti (2011-10-19) # In addition, being situated at +4651+2938 would give Tiraspol # a pre-1880 LMT offset of 1:58:32. # # (which agrees with the earlier entry that had been removed) # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-26) # NO need to divide Moldova into two timezones at this point. # As of today, Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- Tiraspol reversed its own # decision to abolish DST this winter. # Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- # Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. # News from Moldova (in russian): # https://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html # From Roman Tudos (2015-07-02): # http://lex.justice.md/index.php?action=view&view=doc&lang=1&id=355077 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-01): # The abovementioned official link to IGO1445-868/2014 states that # 2014-10-26's fallback transition occurred at 03:00 local time. Also, # https://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara # says the 2014-03-30 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 local time. # Guess that since 1997 Moldova has switched one hour before the EU. # From Heitor David Pinto (2026-02-22): # Soviet Moldovan resolution 132 of 1990 defined the summer time period from # the last Sunday in March at 2:00 to the last Sunday in September at 3:00, # matching the dates used in most of Europe at the time: # https://web.archive.org/web/20211107050832/http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=1 # # It seems that in 1996 Moldova changed the end date to October like most of # Europe, but kept the transitions at 2:00 and 3:00 rather than 1:00 UTC, # which would have been locally 3:00 and 4:00.... # # The notices in the Moldovan government website and broadcaster showed the # transitions at 2:00 and 3:00 until 2021: # 2015 https://old.gov.md/en/node/7304 # 2016 https://old.gov.md/en/node/12587 # 2017 https://old.gov.md/en/node/20654 # 2017 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-upholds-winter-time-night-28-29-october # 2018 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-summer-time # 2018 https://old.gov.md/en/content/cabinet-ministers-informs-about-switch-winter-time-28-october # 2019 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-summer-time-31-march # 2019 https://old.gov.md/en/node/31122 # 2020 https://old.gov.md/en/node/32771 # 2020 https://old.gov.md/en/node/34497 # 2021 https://trm.md/ro/social/moldova-trece-in-aceasta-noapte-la-ora-de-vara # 2021 https://trm.md/en/social/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-iarna1 # # However, since 2022, the notices showed the transitions at 3:00 and 4:00, # matching the EU rule at 1:00 UTC: # 2022 https://trm.md/en/social/in-acest-weekend-republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara # 2022 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-winter-time # 2023 https://moldova1.md/p/6587/ora-de-vara-2023-cum-schimbam-acele-ceasornicelor-si-cand-trecem-la-ora-de-vara # 2023 https://old.gov.md/en/node/46662 # 2024 https://moldova1.md/p/26535/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara-in-acest-weekend # 2024 https://moldova1.md/p/37768/republica-moldova-trece-in-aceasta-noapte-la-ora-de-iarna # 2025 https://moldova1.md/p/46349/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara-pe-30-martie-cum-ne-afecteaza-si-ce-recomanda-medicii # 2025 https://moldova1.md/p/60469/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-iarna-ceasurile-se-dau-inapoi-cu-o-ora # # It seems that the changes to the end date and transition times were just # done in practice without formally changing the resolution. In late 2025, the # government said that the Soviet resolution was still in force, and proposed # a new resolution to replace it and formally establish the EU rule: # ... based on the notices, it seems that in practice Moldova already # uses the EU rule since 2022. This was also the year when Moldova applied to # join the EU. # # From Robert Bastian (2026-02-26): # This has been approved and published in the government gazette: # https://monitorul.gov.md/ro/monitorul/view/pdf/3234/part/2#page=27 # # From Paul Eggert (2026-02-24): # Also see Svetlana Rudenko, "Moldova abandons the 'Soviet era'", Logos Press, # 2026-02-21 . # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Moldova 1997 2021 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Moldova 1997 2021 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 May 6 2:00 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 # See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules. 2:00 Moldova EE%sT 2022 2:00 EU EE%sT # Monaco # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1892 Jun 1 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Montenegro Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Netherlands # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST # From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week # in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend. Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - #STDOFF 0:19:32.13 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Norway # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Svalbard & Jan Mayen Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen # Poland # The 1919 dates and times can be found in Tygodnik Urzędowy nr 1 (1919-03-20), # pp 1-2. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - # For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, # Toruń Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., # https://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1 # Thanks to Przemysław Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. # He also gives these further references: # Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) # Druk nr 2180 (2003) Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1957 only - Jun 2 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1958 only - Mar 30 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1959 only - May 31 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1959 1961 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1960 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1961 1964 - May lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1962 1964 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880 1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1922 Jun 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1940 Jun 23 2:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1977 1:00 W-Eur CE%sT 1988 1:00 EU CE%sT # Portugal # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07) and Michael # Deckers (2021-02-10): # http://oal.ul.pt/documentos/2018/01/hl1911a2018.pdf/ # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon has published a list detailing the # historical transitions in legal time within continental Portugal. It # directly references many decrees and ordinances which are, in turn, # referenced below. They can be viewed in the public archives of the Diário da # República (until 1976-04-09 known as the Diário do Govêrno) at # https://dre.pt/ (in Portuguese). # # Most of the Rules below have been updated simply to match the Observatory's # listing for continental (mainland) Portugal. Although there are over 50 # referenced decrees and ordinances, only the handful with comments below have # been verified against the text, typically to provide additional confidence # wherever dates provided by Whitman and Shanks & Pottenger had disagreed. # See further below for the Azores and Madeira. # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a # heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: # According to a 1911-05-24 Portuguese decree, Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but # switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/593090 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/593090 # The decree made legal time throughout Portugal and her possessions # "subordinate to the Greenwich meridian, according to the principle adopted at # the Washington Convention in 1884" and eliminated the "difference of five # minutes between the internal and external clocks of railway stations". # # The decree was gazetted in the 1911-05-30 issue of Diário do Govêrno, and is # considered to be dated 1911-05-24 by that issue's summary; however, the text # of the decree itself is dated 1911-05-26. The Diário da República website # notes the discrepancy, but later laws and the Observatory all seem to refer # to this decree by the 1911-05-24 date. # # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15): # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...: # These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which, # according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins, # all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ... # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 ... had nothing to do with DST; # rather it regulated the sending of time signals. # But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/1469-1915-285721 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/285721 # # According to the Observatory, standard time was first advanced by Decreto # 2433 of 1916-06-09 and restored by Decreto 2712 of 1916-10-28. While Whitman # gives 1916-10-31 for the latter transition, Shanks & Pottenger agrees more # closely with the decree, which stated that its provision "will start sixty # minutes after the end of 31 October, according to the current time," i.e., # 01:00 on 1 November. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2433-1916-267192 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/267192 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2712-1916-590937 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/590937 Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Article 7 of Decreto 2922 of 1916-12-30 stated that "the legal time will be # advanced by sixty minutes from 1 March to 31 October." Per Article 15, this # came into force from 1917-01-01. Just before the first fall back, Decreto # 3446 of 1917-10-11 changed the annual end date to 14 October. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2922-1916-261894 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/261894 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/3446-1917-495161 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/495161 # This annual change was revoked by Decreto 8038 of 1922-02-18. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/8038-1922-569751 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/569751 Rule Port 1917 1921 - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 24:00 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto 9592 of 1924-04-14 noted that "France maintains the advance of legal # time in the summer and Spain has now adopted it for the first time" and # considered "that the absence of similar measures would cause serious # difficulties for international rail connections with consequent repercussions # on domestic service hours..." along with "inconvenient analogues...for postal # and telegraph services." Summer time would be in effect from 17 April to 4 # October, with the spring change explicitly specified by bringing clocks # forward from 16 April 23:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/9592-1924-652133 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/652133 # # Decreto 10700, issued 1925-04-16, noted that Spain had not continued summer # time, declared that "the current legal hour prior to 17 April remains # unchanged from that day forward", and revoked legislation to the contrary, # just a day before summer time would have otherwise resumed. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/10700-1925-437826 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/437826 Rule Port 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger. # Note: The 1935 law specified 10-06 00:00, not 10-05 24:00, but the following # is equivalent and more succinct. Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Portaria 9465 of 1940-02-17 advanced clocks from Saturday 1940-02-24 23:00. # The clocks were restored by Portaria 9658, issued Monday 1940-10-07, # effective from 24:00 that very night, which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger; # Whitman gives Saturday 1940-10-05 instead. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9465-1940-189096 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/189096 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9658-1940-196729 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/196729 Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1940 only - Oct 7 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1941 only - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 only - Apr 25 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule Port 1942 only - Aug 15 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 1945 - Oct Sat>=24 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1943 only - Apr 17 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Port 1943 1945 - Aug Sat>=25 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1944 1945 - Apr Sat>=21 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07): # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon cites Portaria 11767 of 1947-03-28 for # 1947 and Portaria 12286 of 1948-02-19 for 1948. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/11767-1947-414787 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/414787 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/12286-1948-152953 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/152953 # # Although the latter ordinance explicitly had the 1948-10-03 transition # scheduled for 02:00 rather than 03:00 as had been used in 1947, Decreto-Lei # 37048 of 1948-09-07 recognized "that it is advisable to definitely set...the # 'summer time' regime", and fixed the fall transition at 03:00 moving forward. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/37048-1948-373810 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/373810 # While the Observatory only cites this act for 1949-1965 and not for 1948, it # does not appear to have had any provision delaying its effect, so assume that # it overrode the prior ordinance for 1948-10-03. # # Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950 and gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on. # The Observatory, however, agrees with Shanks & Pottenger that 1950 was not an # exception and that Oct Sun>=1 was maintained through 1965. Rule Port 1947 1966 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1947 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01 considered that the "duality" in time was # "the cause of serious disturbances" and noted that "the countries with which # we have the most frequent contacts...have already adopted" a solution # coinciding with the extant "summer time". It established that the former # "summer time" would apply year-round on the mainland and adjacent islands # with immediate effect, as the fall back would have otherwise occurred later # that evening. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/47233-1966-293729 # Model this by changing zones without changing clocks at the # previously-appointed fall back time. # # Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 acknowledged that those international # contacts had returned to adopting seasonal times, and considered that the # year-round advancement "entails considerable sacrifices for the vast majority # of the working population during the winter months", including morning # visibility concerns for schoolchildren. It specified, beginning 1976-09-26 # 01:00, an annual return to UT+00 on the mainland from 00:00 UT on Sep lastSun # to 00:00 UT on Mar lastSun (unless the latter date fell on Easter, in which # case it was to be brought forward to the preceding Sunday). It also assigned # the Permanent Time Commission to study and propose revisions for the Azores # and Madeira, neither of which resumed DST until 1982 (as described further # below). # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/309-1976-502063 Rule Port 1976 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Beginning in 1978, rather than triggering the Easter rule of the 1976 decree # (Easter fell on 1978-03-26), Article 5 was used instead, which allowed DST # dates to be changed by order of the Minister of Education and Scientific # Research, upon consultation with the Permanent Time Commission, "whenever # considered convenient." As such, a series of one-off ordinances were # promulgated for the mainland in 1978 through 1980, after which the 1976 # decree naturally came back into force from 1981. Rule Port 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1979 1980 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1981 1986 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1985 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 44-B/86 of 1986-03-07 switched mainland Portugal's transition # times from 0:00s to 1:00u to harmonize with the EEC from 1986-03-30. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/44-b-1986-628280 # (Transitions of 1:00s as previously reported and used by the W-Eur rules, # though equivalent, appear to have been fiction here.) Madeira continued to # use 0:00s for spring 1986 before joining with the mainland using 1:00u in the # fall; meanwhile, in the Azores the two were equivalent, so the law specifying # 0:00s wasn't touched until 1992. (See below for more on the islands.) # # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. # # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] #STDOFF -0:36:44.68 Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:45 - LMT 1884 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Oct 2 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 0:00 EU WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u 0:00 EU WE%sT # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # For the Azores and Madeira, legislation was followed from the laws currently # in force as listed at: # https://oal.ul.pt/hora-legal/legislacao/ # working backward through references of revocation and abrogation to # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01, the last time DST was abolished across the # mainland and its adjacent islands. Because of that reference, it is # therefore assumed that DST rules in the islands prior to 1966 were like that # of the mainland, though most legislation of the time didn't explicitly # specify DST practices for the islands. Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z. -2:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # While Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 reintroduced DST on the mainland by # falling back on 1976-09-26, it assigned the Permanent Time Commission to # study and propose revisions for the Azores and Madeira. Decreto Regional # 9/77/A of 1977-05-17 affirmed that "the legal time remained unchanged in the # Azores" at UT-1, and would remain there year-round. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/9-1977-252066 # # Decreto Regional 2/82/A, published 1982-03-02, adopted DST in the same # fashion as the mainland used at the time. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/2-1982-599965 # Though transitions in the Azores officially remained at 0:00s through 1992, # this was equivalent to the EU-style 1:00u adopted by the mainland in 1986, so # model it as such. -1:00 - %z 1982 Mar 28 0:00s -1:00 Port %z 1986 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk. # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # -1:00 - -01 1982 Mar 28 0:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1986 # End of rearguard section. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # After mainland Portugal had shifted forward an hour from 1992-09-27, Decreto # Legislativo Regional 29/92/A of 1992-12-23 sought to "reduce the time # difference" by shifting the Azores forward as well from 1992-12-27. Just six # months later, this was revoked by Decreto Legislativo Regional 9/93/A, citing # "major changes in work habits and way of life." Though the revocation didn't # give a transition time, it was signed Wednesday 1993-06-16; assume it took # effect later that evening, and that an EU-style spring forward (to +01) was # still observed in the interim on 1993-03-28. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/29-1992-621553 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/9-1993-389633 -1:00 EU %z 1992 Dec 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Jun 17 1:00u -1:00 EU %z Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z. -1:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk. # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # End of rearguard section. # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto Regional 5/82/M, published 1982-04-03, established DST transitions at # 0:00u, which for Madeira is equivalent to the mainland's rules (0:00s) at the # time. It came into effect the day following its publication, Sunday # 1982-04-04, thus resuming Madeira's DST practice about a week later than the # mainland and the Azores. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/5-1982-608273 # # Decreto Legislativo Regional 18/86/M, published 1986-10-01, adopted EU-style # rules (1:00u) and entered into immediate force after being signed on # 1986-07-31. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/18-1986-221705 0:00 - WET 1982 Apr 4 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 Jul 31 0:00 EU WE%sT # Romania # # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): # Nine O'clock # (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at # 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, # assume that Romania switched to EU rules in 1997, # the same year as Bulgaria. # # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Romania 1932 only - May 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1932 1939 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - Rule Romania 1933 1939 - Apr Sun>=2 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1979 only - May 27 0:00 1:00 S Rule Romania 1979 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Romania 1980 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S Rule Romania 1980 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2:00 EU EE%sT # Russia # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): # Based on last Russian Government Decree No. 725 on August 31, 2011 # (Government document # http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ # in Russian) # there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... # All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English # by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm # From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): # Scans of [Decree No. 23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: # http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 # They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia # changed in September 2011: # # One source is # http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, # 2011 No. 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. # # Another source is # https://rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the # Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also # contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: # in the 'RG' - Federal Issue No. 5573 September 6, 2011" but which # does not contain any "effective date" information. # # Another source is # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution No. 725 of August 31, 2011... # Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" # but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. # # The Wikipedia article refers to # http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 # which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. # # Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's # "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" # with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to # get September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias # Conradi notes). # # None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. # # Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-01): # According to the Russian news (ITAR-TASS News Agency) # http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/738562 # the State Duma has approved ... the draft bill on returning to # winter time standard and return Russia 11 time zones. The new # regulations will come into effect on October 26, 2014 at 02:00 ... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 # Here is a link where we put together table (based on approved Bill N # 431985-6) with proposed 11 Russian time zones and corresponding # areas/cities/administrative centers in the Russian Federation (in English): # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia65.html # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-22): # Putin signed the Federal Law 431985-6 ... (in Russian) # http://itar-tass.com/obschestvo/1333711 # http://www.pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?111660 # http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/46279 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will look like this: # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-map-2014-07.html # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, # are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, # except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat # 23:00, not Sun 02:00s. # # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow! # I do not know why they have decided to make this change; # as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch. # # From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04): # 'MSK' and 'MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with # UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group).... # The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor # (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there. # # From Chris Carrier (1996-10-30): # According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from # Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ... # still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located. # # For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from # John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): # News - often false - is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was # time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with # the rest of Russia for two weeks - even soldiers stationed here began # enforcing curfew at the wrong time. # # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): # There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in # UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the # SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan # until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok # since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are # administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have # remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16): # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/ # # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16): # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following: # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов, # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия # единой службы времени, 1956 г. # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby. # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21): # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957. # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example, # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such # exceptions grew considerably. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist # with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions # are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative # listing. The region codes listed come from # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 # and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their # future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level # divisions where available. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Kaliningrad covers... # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast # From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25): # Although Shanks lists 1945-01-01 as the date for transition from # +01/+02 to +02/+03, more likely this is a placeholder. Guess that # the transition occurred at 1945-04-10 00:00, which is about when # Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Treindl.) # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # http://www.rgo.ru/ru/kaliningradskoe-oblastnoe-otdelenie/ob-otdelenii/publikacii/kak-nam-zhilos-bez-letnego-vremeni # confirms that the 1989 change to Moscow-1 was implemented. # (The article, though, is misattributed to 1990 while saying that # summer->winter transition would be done on the 24 of September. But # 1990-09-24 was Monday, while 1989-09-24 was Sunday as expected.) # ... # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad switched to Moscow-1 on 1989-03-26, avoided # at the last moment switch to Moscow-1 on 1991-03-31, switched to # Moscow on 1991-11-03, switched to Moscow-1 on 1992-01-19. Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 10 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1946 Apr 7 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2:00 - EET # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21), per Tim Parenti (2014-07-03) and # Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Europe/Moscow covers... # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast # 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast # 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast # 77 RU-MOW Moscow # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): # The Soviets switched to UT-based time in 1919. Decree No. 59 # (1919-02-08) http://istmat.info/node/35567 established UT-based time # zones, and Decree No. 147 (1919-03-29) http://istmat.info/node/35854 # specified a transition date of 1919-07-01, apparently at 00:00 UT. # No doubt only the Soviet-controlled regions switched on that date; # later transitions to UT-based time in other parts of Russia are # taken from what appear to be guesses by Shanks. # (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky for pointers to the decrees.) # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # 11. Regions-violators, 1981-1982. # Wikipedia refers to # http://maps.monetonos.ru/maps/raznoe/Old_Maps/Old_Maps/Articles/022/3_1981.html # http://besp.narod.ru/nauka_1981_3.htm # # The second link provides two articles scanned from the Nauka i Zhizn # magazine No. 3, 1981 and a scan of the short article attributed to # the Trud newspaper from February 1982. The first link provides the # same Nauka i Zhizn articles converted to the text form (but misses # time belt changes map). # # The second Nauka i Zhizn article says that in addition to # introduction of summer time on 1981-04-01 there are some time belt # border changes on 1981-10-01, mostly affecting Nenets Autonomous # Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Yakutia, Magadan Oblast and Chukotka # according to the provided map (colored one). In addition to that # "time violators" (regions which were not using rules of the time # belts in which they were located) would not be moving off the DST on # 1981-10-01 to restore the decree time usage. (Komi ASSR was # supposed to repeat that move in October 1982 to account for the 2 # hour difference.) Map depicting "time violators" before 1981-10-01 # is also provided. # # The article from Trud says that 1981-10-01 changes caused problems # and some territories would be moved to pre-1981-10-01 time by not # moving to summer time on 1982-04-01. Namely: Dagestan, # Kabardino-Balkar, Kalmyk, Komi, Mari, Mordovian, North Ossetian, # Tatar, Chechen-Ingush and Chuvash ASSR, Krasnodar and Stavropol # krais, Arkhangelsk, Vladimir, Vologda, Voronezh, Gorky, Ivanovo, # Kostroma, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov, Ryazan, Tambov, Tyumen and # Yaroslavl oblasts, Nenets and Evenk autonomous okrugs, Khatangsky # district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. As a result Evenk Autonomous # Okrug and Khatangsky district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug would end # up on Moscow+4, Tyumen Oblast on Moscow+2 and the rest on Moscow # time. # # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # attributes the 1982 changes to the Act of the Council of Ministers # of the USSR No. 126 from 18.02.1982. 1980-925.txt also adds # Udmurtia to the list of affected territories and lists Khatangsky # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. Probably erroneously. # # The affected territories are currently listed under Europe/Moscow, # Asia/Yekaterinburg and Asia/Krasnoyarsk. # # 12. Udmurtia # The fact that Udmurtia is depicted as a violator in the Nauka i # Zhizn article hints at Izhevsk being on different time from # Kuybyshev before 1981-10-01. Udmurtia is not mentioned in the 1989 act. # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # implies Udmurtia was on Moscow time after 1982-04-01. # Wikipedia implies Udmurtia being on Moscow+1 until 1991. # # ... # # All Russian zones are supposed to have by default a -1 change at # 1991-03-31 2:00 (cancellation of the decree time in the USSR) and a +1 # change at 1992-01-19 2:00 (restoration of the decree time in Russia). # # There were some exceptions, though. # Wikipedia says newspapers listed Astrakhan, Saratov, Kirov, Volgograd, # Izhevsk, Grozny, Kazan and Samara as such exceptions for the 1992 # change. (Different newspapers providing different lists. And some # lists found in the internet are quite wild.) # # And apparently some exceptions were reverted in the last moment. # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad decided not to be an exception 2 days before the # 1991-03-31 switch and one person at # https://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html # says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception # 2 days before the switch. # # From Alois Treindl (2022-02-15): # the Russian wikipedia page # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # contains the sentence (in Google translation) "In the autumn of # 1981, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Ryazan, # Lipetsk, Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar and regions to the east # of those named (about 30 in total) parted ways with Moscow time. # However, the convenience of common time with Moscow turned out to be # decisive - in 1982, these regions again switched to Moscow time." # Shanks International atlas has similar information, and also the # Russian book Zaitsev A., Kutalev D. A new astrologer's reference # book. Coordinates of cities and time corrections, - The World of # Urania, 2012 (Russian: Зайцев А., Куталёв Д., Новый справочник # астролога. Координаты городов и временные поправки). # To me it seems that an extra zone is needed, which starts with LMT # util 1919, later follows Moscow since 1930, but deviates from it # between 1 October 1981 until 1 April 1982. # # # From Paul Eggert (2022-02-15): # Given the above, we appear to be missing some Zone entries for the # chaotic early 1980s in Russia. It's not clear what these entries # should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the # time in Moscow. # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow # Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30").... # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.) # The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia was defined by # Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory # coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" > # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = # 2:31:19 ... # # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): # Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in # Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895). # Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in # Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky. Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06): # Europe/Simferopol covers Crimea. Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 20 # Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. # # From Paul Eggert (2022-07-21): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reported that central Crimea switched # from Kyiv to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. # Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened # sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it # changed in May. This change evidently didn't last long; see below. 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1994 May # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also said that Kerch is still like Kyiv. 3:00 C-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s # IATA SSIM (1997-09) said Crimea switched to EET/EEST. # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 # https://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html # From Tim Parenti (2022-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): # The clocks at the railway station in Simferopol were put forward from 22:00 # to 24:00 the previous day in a "symbolic ceremony"; however, per # contemporaneous news reports, "ordinary Crimeans [made] the daylight savings # time switch at 2am" on Sunday. # https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/crimea-to-set-clocks-to-russia-time-114033000014_1.html # https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-crimea-time/crimea-switches-to-moscow-time-amid-incorporation-frenzy-idUKBREA2S0LT20140329 # https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-26806583 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Astrakhan covers: # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-12): # On February 10, 2016 Astrakhan Oblast got approval by the Federation # Council to change its time zone to UTC+4 (from current UTC+3 Moscow time).... # This Federal Law shall enter into force on 27 March 2016 at 02:00. # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201602150056 Zone Europe/Astrakhan 3:12:12 - LMT 1924 May 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Volgograd covers: # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast # The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04). # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20): # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018. # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11): # The law has been published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2020-11-27): # The State Duma approved (Nov 24, 2020) the transition of the Volgograd # region to the Moscow time zone.... # https://sozd.duma.gov.ru/bill/1012130-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-05): # Currently proposed text for the second reading (expected on December 8) ... # changes the date to December 27. https://v1.ru/text/gorod/2020/12/04/69601031/ # # From Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-22): # The law was published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202012220002 Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK 2018 Oct 28 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2020 Dec 27 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Saratov covers: # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast # From Yuri Konotopov (2016-11-11): # Dec 4, 2016 02:00 UTC+3.... Saratov Region's local time will be ... UTC+4. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-11): # ... Byalokoz listed Saratov on 03:04:18. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-22): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611220031 Zone Europe/Saratov 3:04:18 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - %z # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Kirov covers: # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Europe/Samara covers... # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20. # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Ulyanovsk covers: # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17): # Ulyanovsk ... on their way to change time zones by March 27, 2016 at 2am. # Ulyanovsk Oblast ... from MSK to MSK+1 (UTC+3 to UTC+4) ... # 920582-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill in the first reading. # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051 Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers... # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug # # Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai. # Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9. # Byalokoz 1919 says its provincial time was based on Perm, at 3:45:05. # Assume it switched on 1916-07-03, the time of the new standard. # The 1919 and 1930 transitions are from Shanks. #STDOFF 4:02:32.9 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1916 Jul 3 3:45:05 - PMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Omsk covers... # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast # Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30. Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:30 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22): # Asia/Barnaul covers: # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # Data before 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Letter of Bank of Russia from 1995-05-25 # http://www.bestpravo.ru/rossijskoje/lj-akty/y3a.htm # suggests that Altai Republic transitioned to Moscow+3 on # 1995-05-28. # # https://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html # has some historical data for Altai Krai: # before 1957: west part on UT+6, east on UT+7 # after 1957: UT+7 # since 1995: UT+6 # http://barnaul.rusplt.ru/index/pochemu_altajskij_kraj_okazalsja_v_neprivychnom_chasovom_pojase-17648.html # confirms that and provides more details including 1995-05-28 transition date. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17): # Altai Krai and Altai Republic on their way to change time zones # by March 27, 2016 at 2am.... # Altai Republic / Gorno-Altaysk MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) ... # Altai Krai / Barnaul MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090043 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090038 Zone Asia/Barnaul 5:35:00 - LMT 1919 Dec 10 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1995 May 28 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Novosibirsk covers: # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-05-30): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=1085784-6 # moves Novosibirsk oblast from UTC+6 to UTC+7. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-04): # The law was signed yesterday and published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201607040064 Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - %z # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Tomsk covers: # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-24): # Byalokoz listed Tomsk at 5:39:51. # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-19): # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102075743 # (fifth time belt being UTC+5+1(decree time) # / UTC+5+1(decree time)+1(summer time)) ... # Note that time belts (numbered from 2 (Moscow) to 12 according to their # GMT/UTC offset and having too many exceptions like regions formally # belonging to one belt but using time from another) were replaced # with time zones in 2011 with different numbering (there was a # 2-hour gap between second and third zones in 2011-2014). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-04-12): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=1006865-6 # This bill was approved in the first reading today. It moves Tomsk oblast # from UTC+6 to UTC+7 and is supposed to come into effect on 2016-05-29 at # 2:00. The bill needs to be approved in the second and the third readings by # the State Duma, approved by the Federation Council, signed by the President # and published to become a law. Minor changes in the text are to be expected # before the second reading (references need to be updated to account for the # recent changes). # # Judging by the ultra-short one-day amendments period, recent similar laws, # the State Duma schedule and the Federation Council schedule # http://www.duma.gov.ru/legislative/planning/day-shedule/por_vesna_2016/ # http://council.gov.ru/activity/meetings/schedule/63303 # I speculate that the final text of the bill will be proposed tomorrow, the # bill will be approved in the second and the third readings on Friday, # approved by the Federation Council on 2016-04-20, signed by the President and # published as a law around 2016-04-26. # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-26): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604260048 Zone Asia/Tomsk 5:39:51 - LMT 1919 Dec 22 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Novokuznetsk covers... # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): # Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on # March 28, 2010: # from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700 # to Russia Zone 5 - Novosibirsk Time Zone (NOV) UTC +0600 # # This is according to Government of Russia decree No. 740, on September # 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth # time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) # # Russian Government web site (Russian language) # http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm # or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html # # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus # realigning itself with KRAT. Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - LMT 1924 May 1 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers... # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai # # Note: Effective 2007-01-01, (88) Evenk Autonomous Okrug and (84) Taymyr # Autonomous Okrug were merged into (24, RU-KYA) Krasnoyarsk Krai. # Byalokoz 1919 says Krasnoyarsk was 6:11:26. Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:26 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Irkutsk covers... # 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of # 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast # # Note: Effective 2008-01-01, (85) Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug was # merged into (38, RU-IRK) Irkutsk Oblast. # Milne 1899 says Irkutsk was 6:57:15. # Byalokoz 1919 says Irkutsk was 6:57:05. # Go with Byalokoz. Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:05 - LMT 1880 6:57:05 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time 7:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Asia/Chita covers... # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai # # Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-02): # [The] time zone in the Trans-Baikal Territory (Zabaykalsky Krai) - # Asia/Chita [is changing] from UTC+8 to UTC+9. Effective date will # be March 27, 2016 at 2:00am.... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107 Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Yakutsk covers... # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast # # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-02 **** Aldansky District # 14-04 **** Amginsky District # 14-05 **** Anabarsky District # 14-06 **** Bulunsky District # 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District # 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District # 14-11 **** Gorny District # 14-12 **** Zhigansky District # 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District # 14-14 **** Lensky District # 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District # 14-16 **** Mirninsky District # 14-18 **** Namsky District # 14-19 **** Neryungrinsky District # 14-21 **** Nyurbinsky District # 14-23 **** Olenyoksky District # 14-24 **** Olyokminsky District # 14-26 **** Suntarsky District # 14-27 **** Tattinsky District # 14-29 **** Ust-Aldansky District # 14-32 **** Khangalassky District # 14-33 **** Churapchinsky District # 14-34 **** Eveno-Bytantaysky National District # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Our commentary seems to have lost mention of (14-19) Neryungrinsky District. # Since the surrounding districts of Sakha are all YAKT, assume this is, too. # Also assume its history has been the same as the rest of Asia/Yakutsk. # Byalokoz 1919 says Yakutsk was 8:38:58. Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:58 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Vladivostok covers... # 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai # 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai # 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast # # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-09 **** Verkhoyansky District # 14-31 **** Ust-Yansky District # Milne 1899 says Vladivostok was 8:47:33.5. # Byalokoz 1919 says Vladivostok was 8:47:31. # Go with Byalokoz. Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:31 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 9:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Khandyga covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-28 **** Tomponsky District # 14-30 **** Ust-Maysky District # From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21): # Tomponsky and Ust-Maysky switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time # in 2011. # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): # Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2004 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Sakhalin covers... # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast # ...with the exception of: # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) # From Matt Johnson (2016-02-22): # Asia/Sakhalin is moving (in entirety) from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090044 # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 9:00 - %z 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Magadan covers... # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however, # several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of # the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented # until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will # need their own zone. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-03-27): # ... draft bill 948300-6 to change its time zone from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # will take ... effect ... on April 24, 2016 at 2 o'clock # # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-05): # ... signed by the President today ... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604050038 Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-01 **** Abyysky District # 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District # 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District # 14-17 **** Momsky District # 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District # 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District # # ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast: # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02): # Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with # most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on # 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District # of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by # Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Assume North Kuril Islands have history like Magadan before 2011-03-27. # There is a decent chance this is wrong, in which case a new zone # Asia/Severo-Kurilsk would become necessary. # # Srednekolymsk and Zyryanka are the most populous places amongst these # districts, but have very similar populations. In fact, Wikipedia currently # lists them both as having 3528 people, exactly 1668 males and 1860 females # each! (Yikes!) # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 # Assume this is a mistake, albeit an amusing one. # # Looking at censuses, the populations of the two municipalities seem to have # fluctuated recently. Zyryanka was more populous than Srednekolymsk in the # 1989 and 2002 censuses, but Srednekolymsk was more populous in the most # recent (2010) census, 3525 to 3170. (See pages 195 and 197 of # http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-05.pdf # in Russian.) In addition, Srednekolymsk appears to be a much older # settlement and the population of Zyryanka seems to be declining. # Go with Srednekolymsk. Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk 10:14:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-22 **** Oymyakonsky District # From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21): # Oymyakonsky and the Kuril Islands switched from # Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. # # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # It's unlikely that any of the Kuril Islands were involved in such a switch, # as the South and Middle Kurils have been on UTC+11 (SAKT) with the rest of # Sakhalin Oblast since at least 2011-09, and the North Kurils have been on # UTC+12 since at least then, too. Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Kamchatka covers... # 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai # # Note: Effective 2007-07-01, (41) Kamchatka Oblast and (82) Koryak # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (91, RU-KAM) Kamchatka Krai. # The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps # Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long. Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 11:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Anadyr covers... # 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 12:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia %z 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z # San Marino Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino # Serbia # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s # Metod Koželj reports that the legal date of # transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. # Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Koželj. 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT # Slovakia Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava # Slovenia # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT # Spain # # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-14): # # The source for Europe/Madrid before 2013 is: # Planesas P. La hora oficial en España y sus cambios. # Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid (2013, in Spanish). # http://astronomia.ign.es/rknowsys-theme/images/webAstro/paginas/documentos/Anuario/lahoraoficialenespana.pdf # As this source says that historical time in the Canaries is obscure, # and it does not discuss Ceuta, stick with Shanks for now for that data. # # In the 1918 and 1919 fallback transitions in Spain, the clock for # the hour-longer day officially kept going after midnight, so that # the repeated instances of that day's 00:00 hour were 24 hours apart, # with a fallback transition from the second occurrence of 00:59... to # the next day's 00:00. Our data format cannot represent this # directly, and instead repeats the first hour of the next day, with a # fallback transition from the next day's 00:59... to 00:00. # From Michael Deckers (2016-12-15): # The Royal Decree of 1900-07-26 quoted by Planesas, online at # https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1900/209/A00383-00384.pdf # says in its article 5 (my translation): # These dispositions will enter into force beginning with the # instant at which, according to the time indicated in article 1, # the 1st day of January of 1901 will begin. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1918 1919 - Oct 6 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 6 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Republican Spain during the civil war; it controlled Madrid until 1939-03-28. Rule Spain 1937 only - Jun 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 only - Oct 2 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 30 23:00 2:00 M Rule Spain 1938 only - Oct 2 24:00 1:00 S # The following rules are for unified Spain again. # # Planesas does not say what happened in Madrid between its fall on # 1939-03-28 and the Nationalist spring-forward transition on # 1939-04-15. For lack of better info, assume Madrid's clocks did not # change during that period. # # The first rule is commented out, as it is redundant for Republican Spain. #Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Oct 7 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1944 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1949 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1949 only - Oct 2 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=12 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1976 only - Mar 27 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1976 1977 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1977 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - # Nationalist Spain during the civil war #Rule NatSpain 1937 only - May 22 23:00 1:00 S #Rule NatSpain 1937 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - #Rule NatSpain 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00 1:00 S # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978, # except with "S" letters. Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00 1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u 0:00 - WET 1918 May 6 23:00 0:00 1:00 WEST 1918 Oct 7 23:00 0:00 - WET 1924 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1929 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk. 0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 1:00 - CET 1986 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. -1:00 - %z 1946 Sep 30 1:00 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 1:00u 0:00 EU WE%sT # IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u. # Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU. # Sweden # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time 1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 1:00 1:00 - CET 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Switzerland # From Howse: # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep # mean time in preference to apparent time - Geneva from 1780 .... # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - # From Shanks & Pottenger: # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - # From Alois Treindl (2008-12-17): # I have researched the DST usage in Switzerland during the 1940ies. # # As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values # to be wrong. This is now verified. # # I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal # government, in 'Eidgenössische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss # federal law collection)... # # DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am # DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. # # DST began on Monday, 4 May 1942 at 01:00 am # DST ended on Monday, 5 Oct 1942 at 02:00 am # # There was no DST in 1940, I have checked the law collection carefully. # It is also indicated by the fact that the 1942 entry in the law # collection points back to 1941 as a reference, but no reference to any # other years are made. # # Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported # about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous # night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such # a thing had happened in Switzerland. # # I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traité de # l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is # false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled # by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. # # The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - # # The 1940 rules must be deleted. # # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for # most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of # the Canton de Genève (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneva did not # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. # # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): # The Federal regulations say # https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50". # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): # the "Circulaire du conseil fédéral" (December 11 1893) # http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353 # clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight # but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one # hour before the beginning of service. # From Paul Eggert (2024-05-24): # Express BMT as 0:29:45.500, approximately the same precision 7° 26' 22.50". # # We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland # except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: # # Jakob Messerli. Gleichmässig, pünktlich, schnell. Zeiteinteilung und # Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, # ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. # # suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not # agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the # most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the # "Bundesgesetz über die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on # 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 # (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in # practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph # offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" # (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on # 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and # legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date. # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): # Büsingen , surrounded by the Swiss canton # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. # # Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 # # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): # Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. #STDOFF 0:29:45.500 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen # Turkey # From Alois Treindl (2019-08-12): # http://www.astrolojidergisi.com/yazsaati.htm has researched the time zone # history of Turkey, based on newspaper archives and official documents. # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # That source (Oya Vulaş, "Türkiye'de Yaz Saati Uygulamaları") # is used for 1940/1972, where it seems more reliable than our other # sources. # From Kıvanç Yazan (2019-08-12): # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14539.pdf#page=24 # 1973-06-03 01:00 -> 02:00, 1973-11-04 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14829.pdf#page=1 # 1974-03-31 02:00 -> 03:00, 1974-11-03 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15161.pdf#page=1 # 1975-03-22 02:00 -> 03:00, 1975-11-02 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15535_1.pdf#page=1 # 1976-03-21 02:00 -> 03:00, 1976-10-31 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15778.pdf#page=5 # 1977-04-03 02:00 -> 03:00, 1977-10-16 02:00 -> 01:00, # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-04-01 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-10-14 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16245.pdf#page=17 # This cancels the previous decision, and repeats it only for 1978. # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00, 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 # (not applied due to standard TZ change below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16331.pdf#page=3 # This decision changes the default longitude for Turkish time zone from 30 # degrees East to 45 degrees East. This means a standard TZ change, from +2 # to +3. This is published & applied on 1978-06-29. At that time, Turkey was # already on summer time (already on 45E). Hence, this new law just meant an # "continuous summer time". Note that this was reversed in a few years. # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18119_1.pdf#page=1 # 1983-07-31 02:00 -> 03:00 (note that this jumps TZ to +4) # 1983-10-02 02:00 -> 01:00 (back to +3) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18561.pdf (page 1 and 34) # At this time, Turkey is still on +3 with no spring-forward on early # 1984. This decision is published on 10/31/1984. Page 1 declares # the decision of reverting the "default longitude change". So the # standard time should go back to +3 (30E). And page 34 explains when # that will happen: 1984-11-01 02:00 -> 01:00. You can think of this # as "end of continuous summer time, change of standard time zone". # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18713.pdf#page=1 # 1985-04-20 01:00 -> 02:00, 1985-09-28 02:00 -> 01:00 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2016-09-25): # 1) For 1986-2006, DST started at 01:00 local and ended at 02:00 local, with # no exceptions. # 2) 1994's lastSun was overridden with Mar 20 ... # Here are official papers: # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf#page=2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf#page=4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf#page=15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf#page=6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf#page=1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf#page=15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf#page=1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf#page=1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf#page=10 for 1998 - 2000 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25): # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985. # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-09): # Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC # start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07): # http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp # The official document is located here - it is in Turkish...: # http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm # I was able to locate the following seemingly official document # (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: # http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm # From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): # According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer # time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. # This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. # https://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 # Turkish: # https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-bir-gun-ileri-alindi-17230464 # From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14): # The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the # Turkish Local election.... # http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik # ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. # From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15): # Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31, # I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST # change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time. # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15): # The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule # change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See: # Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency # http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30. # I guess the best we can do is document the official time. # From Fatih (2015-09-29): # It's officially announced now by the Ministry of Energy. # Turkey delays winter time to 8th of November 04:00 # http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-8-kasimda-sona-erecek/362217 # # From BBC News (2015-10-25): # Confused Turks are asking "what's the time?" after automatic clocks defied a # government decision ... "For the next two weeks #Turkey is on EEST... Erdogan # Engineered Standard Time," said Twitter user @@aysekarahasan. # http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34631326 # From Burak AYDIN (2016-09-08): # Turkey will stay in Daylight Saving Time even in winter.... # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/09/20160908-2.pdf # # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-07): # The change is permanent, so this is the new standard time in Turkey. # It takes effect today, which is not much notice. # From Kıvanç Yazan (2017-10-28): # Turkey will go back to Daylight Saving Time starting 2018-10. # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/10/20171028-5.pdf # # From Even Scharning (2017-11-08): # ... today it was announced that the DST will become "continuous": # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yaz-saati-uygulamasi-surekli-hale-geldi-40637482 # From Paul Eggert (2017-11-08): # Although Google Translate misfires on that source, it looks like # Turkey reversed last month's decision, and so will stay at +03. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1946 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1947 1951 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1949 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1951 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S # DST for 15 months; unusual but we'll let it pass. Rule Turkey 1962 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1963 only - Oct 30 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1964 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1964 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1973 only - Jun 3 1:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1973 1976 - Oct Sun>=31 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1974 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1976 only - Mar 21 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1978 only - Jun 29 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1986 1993 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1994 only - Mar 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1995 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1996 2006 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time? 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Jun 29 3:00 Turkey %z 1984 Nov 1 2:00 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2015 Oct 25 1:00u 2:00 1:00 EEST 2015 Nov 8 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - %z # Ukraine # # From Alois Treindl (2014-03-01): # REGULATION A N O V A on March 20, 1992 N 139 ... means that from # 1992 on, Ukraine had DST with begin time at 02:00 am, on last Sunday # in March, and end time 03:00 am, last Sunday in September.... # CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE RESOLUTION on May 13, 1996 N 509 # "On the order of computation time on the territory of Ukraine" .... # As this cabinet decision is from May 1996, it seems likely that the # transition in March 1996, which predates it, was still at 2:00 am # and not at 3:00 as would have been under EU rules. # This is why I have set the change to EU rules into May 1996, # so that the change in March is stil covered by the Ukraine rule. # The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules. # # From Paul Eggert (2022-08-27): # For now, assume that Ukraine's zones all followed the same rules, # except that Crimea switched to Moscow time in 1994 as described elsewhere. # From Igor Karpov, who works for the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice, # via Garrett Wollman (2003-01-27): # BTW, I've found the official document on this matter. It's government # regulations No. 509, May 13, 1996. In my poor translation it says: # "Time in Ukraine is set to second timezone (Kiev time). Each last Sunday # of March at 3am the time is changing to 4am and each last Sunday of # October the time at 4am is changing to 3am" # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-20): # On September 20, 2011 the deputies of the Verkhovna Rada agreed to # abolish the transfer clock to winter time. # # Bill No. 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got # approval from 266 deputies. # # Ukraine abolishes transfer back to the winter time (in Russian) # http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ # # The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) # http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html # # Deputies cancelled the winter time (in Russian) # https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ # # From Philip Pizzey (2011-10-18): # Today my Ukrainian colleagues have informed me that the # Ukrainian parliament have decided that they will go to winter # time this year after all. # # From Udo Schwedt (2011-10-18): # As far as I understand, the recent change to the Ukrainian time zone # (Europe/Kiev) to introduce permanent daylight saving time (similar # to Russia) was reverted today: # http://portal.rada.gov.ua/rada/control/en/publish/article/info_left?art_id=287324&cat_id=105995 # # Also reported by Alexander Bokovoy (2011-10-18) who also noted: # The law documents themselves are at # http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb_n/webproc4_1?id=&pf3511=41484 # From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kyiv time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): # First in Ukraine they changed Time zone from UTC+3 to UTC+2 with DST: # 03 25 1990 02:00 -03.00 1 Time Zone 3 with DST # 07 01 1990 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 18.06.1990, No. 134. # http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/T001500.html # # They did not end DST in September, 1990 (according to the law, # "summer time" was still in action): # 09 30 1990 03:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 21.09.1990, No. 272. # http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/KP900272.html # # Again no change in March, 1991 ("summer time" in action): # 03 31 1991 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # # DST ended in September 1991 ("summer time" ended): # 09 29 1991 03:00 -02.00 0 Time Zone 2, no DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 25.09.1991, No. 225. # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_21/pg_iwgdoc.htm # This is an answer. # # Since 1992 they had normal DST procedure: # 03 29 1992 02:00 -02.00 1 DST started # 09 27 1992 03:00 -02.00 0 DST ended # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139. # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Kyiv 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kyiv Mean Time 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1996 May 13 2:00 EU EE%sT # Vatican City Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican ############################################################################### # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from # the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986. # The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else. # # According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but # uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules. # Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at # 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey # switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time # and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST) # ... # Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100 # From: Tom Hofmann # ... # # ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when # most European countries started DST. Before that year, only # a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according # to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on # 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following # years... # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep # lastSun' in 1981 - I don't know how they handle now. # # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the # Soviet Union (as far as I know). # # Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, # 4002 Basle, Switzerland # ... # ... # Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100 # From: Dik T. Winter # ... # # The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct. # After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information # about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969. # # ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on # first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September... # In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that # the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982 # the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in # the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch # dates... # # It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g. # Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST... # Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not # all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations # occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always # assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the # case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours # in advance of normal time. # # ... # dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland # ... # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): # ... # Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates). # Since 1978. Change at midnight. # ... # Monaco: has same DST as France. # ... @ 1.4 log @Merge tzdata2025c @ text @d1105 9 a1113 1 # From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31): d1116 2 a2106 1 # http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=2 d2161 52 d2214 2 a2215 2 Rule Moldova 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Moldova 1997 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - d2228 2 a2229 1 2:00 Moldova EE%sT d2680 1 a2680 1 # assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, @ 1.3 log @Really update tzdata to 2025a (via 2025atgz as usual). The TZDATA2025ATGZ tagged vendor version in the repository is correct (contains this same data), but the files in HEAD are not. This fixes that problem. The couple of meaningful changes reported in the vendor import are actually made effective here, the rest of these updates are just to comments, or to files that are part of the tzdata distribution but are not used by NetBSD, except the expiry date on the leapseconds file(s) has been moved forward from late June (2025) to late December (as usually happens in the first tzdata update after each new 6-monthly IERS leap second bulletin, but is almost never mentioned). I am going to alter the way the tzdata2netbsd script works in a way that I am hoping will avoid this kind of issue (as well as previous partial updates that happened a few years back) - but there's no reasonable way for me to test whether that will work until the next tzdata update happens. @ text @d7 3 a9 3 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to # tz@@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. d45 1 a45 1 # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to tz@@iana.org. d57 1 a57 1 # Brazil's Divisão Serviço da Hora (DSHO), d938 1 a938 1 # DSH writes that a royal decree of 1926-02-22 specified the Sun following 3rd d1376 7 a1443 1 # Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. d1455 19 a1473 3 # DSH writes that a law of 1923-05-24 specified 3rd Sat in Apr at 23:00 to 1st # Sat in Oct at 24:00; and that in 1930, because of Easter, the transitions # were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks & Pottenger. d2323 4 a2326 6 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (1999-01-30): # DSH writes in their history that Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 established # summer time and that, "despite" this, the change to the clocks was not done # every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. # In fact, that decree had nothing to do with DST; rather, it regulated the # sending of time signals. But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below. @ 1.3.2.1 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #215: external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/SECURITY up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.44 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/calendars up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.6 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Import tzdata 2026a (using the 2026agtz data). @ text @d7 3 a9 3 # go ahead and edit the file, and please send any changes to # the public mailing list tz@@iana.org for general use in the future. # For more, please see the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. d45 1 a45 1 # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please see the file CONTRIBUTING. d57 1 a57 1 # Brazil's Divisão de Serviços da Hora (DISHO) d938 1 a938 1 # DISHO writes that a royal decree of 1926-02-22 specified the Sun following 3rd d1105 1 a1105 9 # From Paul Eggert (2026-01-22): # During World War II, Greenland was effectively independent of Denmark and # observed daylight saving time. TIME, volume 37, page 23 (1941-04-21) # says, # "Penfield and West made their way to the U.S.'s most northerly consulate. # They were astonished to find that Greenlanders, with almost 24 hours of # sunlight a day during the summer, have daylight saving time." # As the details are unknown they are omitted from the data for now. # a1107 2 # Also, they're likely out of scope for the database # as we lack resources to track every bit of military activity. a1375 7 # From Robert H. van Gent (2025-07-21): # The most recent issue of the Annuaire [par le Bureau des Longitudes] # on Gallica (2021) ... lists information for France # https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9127672b/f52.item # From Paul Eggert (2025-07-21): # Go with the 2020 Annuaire (published 2021) except as noted below. d1437 1 d1449 3 a1451 19 # From Robert H. van Gent (2025-07-22): # There is a curious history behind the erroneous date for the start of # daylight saving in France in 1923 as listed in the current issues of # the Annuaire du Bureau des Longitudes. [See:] # https://lists.iana.org/hyperkitty/list/tz@@iana.org/message/MYQEJMSXO2AIEZ3UIXZKMTTAIPY7KNT2/ # From Brian Inglis (2025-07-23): # Légifrance JORF No. 0073 du 15 mars 1922 # https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000008324 # Légifrance JORF No. 0139 du 25 mai 1923 # https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000008416 # From Paul Eggert (2025-07-23): # The latter specifies March's last Saturday at 23:00 to October's first # Saturday at 24:00, except that if neighboring allies agree the dates # can be moved to April's third Saturday and September's third Saturday. # Apparently spring 1923 was tricky. DISHO writes that in 1930, # because of Easter, the transitions were Apr 12 and Oct 5. # Use the 2020 Annuaire dates, except for spring 1923 where # Shanks & Pottenger's May 26 matches the dates given in the 1924 and # 1961-2001 issues of the Annuaire. d2075 1 a2129 52 # From Heitor David Pinto (2026-02-22): # Soviet Moldovan resolution 132 of 1990 defined the summer time period from # the last Sunday in March at 2:00 to the last Sunday in September at 3:00, # matching the dates used in most of Europe at the time: # https://web.archive.org/web/20211107050832/http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=1 # # It seems that in 1996 Moldova changed the end date to October like most of # Europe, but kept the transitions at 2:00 and 3:00 rather than 1:00 UTC, # which would have been locally 3:00 and 4:00.... # # The notices in the Moldovan government website and broadcaster showed the # transitions at 2:00 and 3:00 until 2021: # 2015 https://old.gov.md/en/node/7304 # 2016 https://old.gov.md/en/node/12587 # 2017 https://old.gov.md/en/node/20654 # 2017 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-upholds-winter-time-night-28-29-october # 2018 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-summer-time # 2018 https://old.gov.md/en/content/cabinet-ministers-informs-about-switch-winter-time-28-october # 2019 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-summer-time-31-march # 2019 https://old.gov.md/en/node/31122 # 2020 https://old.gov.md/en/node/32771 # 2020 https://old.gov.md/en/node/34497 # 2021 https://trm.md/ro/social/moldova-trece-in-aceasta-noapte-la-ora-de-vara # 2021 https://trm.md/en/social/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-iarna1 # # However, since 2022, the notices showed the transitions at 3:00 and 4:00, # matching the EU rule at 1:00 UTC: # 2022 https://trm.md/en/social/in-acest-weekend-republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara # 2022 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-winter-time # 2023 https://moldova1.md/p/6587/ora-de-vara-2023-cum-schimbam-acele-ceasornicelor-si-cand-trecem-la-ora-de-vara # 2023 https://old.gov.md/en/node/46662 # 2024 https://moldova1.md/p/26535/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara-in-acest-weekend # 2024 https://moldova1.md/p/37768/republica-moldova-trece-in-aceasta-noapte-la-ora-de-iarna # 2025 https://moldova1.md/p/46349/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara-pe-30-martie-cum-ne-afecteaza-si-ce-recomanda-medicii # 2025 https://moldova1.md/p/60469/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-iarna-ceasurile-se-dau-inapoi-cu-o-ora # # It seems that the changes to the end date and transition times were just # done in practice without formally changing the resolution. In late 2025, the # government said that the Soviet resolution was still in force, and proposed # a new resolution to replace it and formally establish the EU rule: # ... based on the notices, it seems that in practice Moldova already # uses the EU rule since 2022. This was also the year when Moldova applied to # join the EU. # # From Robert Bastian (2026-02-26): # This has been approved and published in the government gazette: # https://monitorul.gov.md/ro/monitorul/view/pdf/3234/part/2#page=27 # # From Paul Eggert (2026-02-24): # Also see Svetlana Rudenko, "Moldova abandons the 'Soviet era'", Logos Press, # 2026-02-21 . d2131 2 a2132 2 Rule Moldova 1997 2021 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Moldova 1997 2021 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - d2145 1 a2145 2 2:00 Moldova EE%sT 2022 2:00 EU EE%sT d2301 6 a2306 4 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 ... had nothing to do with DST; # rather it regulated the sending of time signals. # But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below. d2598 1 a2598 1 # assume that Romania switched to EU rules in 1997, @ 1.2 log @ Revert update to tzdata2025a - I botched it. A new update should be appearing within minutes. @ text @d1211 1 a1211 1 # From a contributor who wishes to remain anonymous for now (2023-10-29): @ 1.1 log @Initial revision @ text @d1 2 d6 1 a6 1 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, d8 2 a9 1 # tz@@iana.org for general use in the future). d11 3 a13 2 # From Paul Eggert (2014-05-31): # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is d16 1 d18 2 a19 2 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport d22 2 a23 1 # of the IATA's data after 1990. d42 1 a42 1 # . He writes: d47 10 a60 1 d63 15 a77 17 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. # Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland* # -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland* # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* # 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe* # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow d79 2 a80 2 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), # The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, d121 2 a122 2 # position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. d124 1 a124 1 # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] d162 1 a162 1 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg. d190 3 a192 2 # # "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly d194 1 a194 1 # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): d199 3 d230 2 a231 2 # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ho-19410421.png d248 1 a248 3 # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ # History of legal time in Britain # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ d254 1 a254 1 # d283 2 d286 2 a287 6 # # Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than # Shanks & Pottenger. # Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory # (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was # to London. For example: d291 24 d361 1 a361 1 # which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive # 94/21/EC. d366 22 d389 1 a389 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S a498 1 # Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man. d500 26 a525 2 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s d527 1 a527 1 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u d530 32 a561 6 Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s d563 5 a567 5 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 d569 8 a576 3 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 0:00 EU GMT/IST d582 3 a584 2 # EU rules are for the European Union, previously known as the EC, EEC, # Common Market, etc. d586 1 a586 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d596 1 a596 1 # d626 1 a626 1 # Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 d629 2 a630 2 # Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 d632 1 a632 1 # Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 d673 13 a685 4 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 MST # Moscow Summer Time Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 MMT # Moscow Mean Time Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time d687 2 d690 2 a691 1 Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 MSD d693 2 d696 4 a699 1 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 MSM # Midsummer d702 1 a702 1 # Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24): d705 5 a709 9 # Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in # Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14): Rule Russia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S # Rule Russia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S Rule Russia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - Rule Russia 1993 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Russia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - d711 29 d750 1 a750 1 # http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html a755 8 # These are for backward compatibility with older versions. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT d784 1 a784 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d810 1 a810 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d817 1 a817 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d820 1 a820 1 1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 d834 5 a838 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d842 2 a843 1 Rule Austria 1946 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - d848 1 a848 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d851 3 a853 3 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Apr 12 2:00s d859 8 d874 7 a880 2 # http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d882 1 a882 1 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time d887 3 a889 6 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - FET d893 23 a915 1 # From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): d921 1 a921 3 # LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: # Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. d925 1 a925 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d964 1 a964 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d966 1 a966 1 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT d975 8 a982 2 # Bosnia and Herzegovina # See Europe/Belgrade. d987 1 a987 1 # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: d991 1 a991 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d997 1 a997 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1002 1 a1002 1 1:00 - CET 1945 Apr 2 3:00 d1004 1 a1004 1 2:00 Bulg EE%sT 1982 Sep 26 2:00 d1010 7 a1016 1 # See Europe/Belgrade. d1021 36 a1056 4 # Czech Republic # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - d1059 1 a1059 2 Rule Czech 1947 only - Apr 20 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S d1061 1 a1061 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1063 8 a1070 2 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s a1072 3 # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland d1074 2 a1075 34 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26): # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law # [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL # confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. # # The EU treaty with effect from 1973: # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL # # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes # in subsequent decrees with the law # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL # # It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have # not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST # changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to # 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from # the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know # when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only # confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981: # The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning # working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which # was suspended on that night): # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11): # The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between # Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. # From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): # Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not # wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1088 2 a1089 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1092 2 a1093 2 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 d1096 4 a1099 1 Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn d1102 2 d1110 4 a1113 3 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, # and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU d1176 16 d1193 30 a1222 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1230 1 a1230 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1232 2 a1233 2 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996 d1235 3 d1239 10 a1248 7 -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU EG%sT Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU WG%sT Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base d1252 4 d1273 1 a1273 1 # d1281 1 a1281 1 # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) d1291 2 a1292 2 # Regulation no. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation # no. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all d1302 1 a1302 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1304 1 a1304 1 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time d1310 2 a1311 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s d1313 1 a1313 1 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Nov 1 d1333 1 a1333 1 # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf d1346 1 a1346 1 # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf d1356 1 a1356 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1362 1 a1362 2 # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document); # round to nearest. d1364 2 a1365 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1373 1 d1387 48 d1438 1 a1438 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1498 1 a1498 3 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05, # but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21. # Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based d1500 3 a1502 3 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT d1517 1 a1517 1 # [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] d1521 1 a1521 1 # d1528 1 a1528 1 # this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. d1531 47 a1577 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1581 3 a1583 3 # http://www.ptb.de/de/org/4/44/441/salt.htm says the following transition # occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ given in Shanks & Pottenger. # Go with the PTB. d1594 1 a1594 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1596 1 a1596 1 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 a1600 15 # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): # Büsingen , surrounded by the Swiss canton # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. # # Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): # Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen d1607 3 a1609 3 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 d1614 1 a1614 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1638 1 a1638 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1640 1 a1640 1 1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT d1645 1 a1645 1 # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. d1649 20 a1668 12 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): # Dates for 1916-1945 are taken from: # Oross A. Jelen a múlt jövője: a nyári időszámítás Magyarországon 1916-1945. # National Archives of Hungary (2012-10-29). # http://mnl.gov.hu/a_het_dokumentuma/a_nyari_idoszamitas_magyarorszagon_19161945.html # This source does not always give times, which are taken from Shanks # & Pottenger (which disagree about the dates). # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1919 only - Nov 24 3:00 0 - d1670 2 a1671 1 Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - d1673 11 a1683 1 Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - d1685 25 a1709 11 Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - May 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1956 only - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1956 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct d1711 3 a1713 1 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8 d1715 1 a1715 1 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s d1719 2 a1720 35 # # From Adam David (1993-11-06): # The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. # # (1993-12-05): # This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of # Iceland Almanak. # # From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour # behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts # of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavik mean solar time which # was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT. # # "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks # of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the # time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always # Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars. # # (1993-12-10): # I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the # beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus # to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question. # the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day # (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday. # St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style" # might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it # might mean something else (???). # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # The Iceland Almanak, Shanks & Pottenger, and Whitman disagree on many points. # We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks & Pottenger, namely # that Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S d1722 8 a1729 9 Rule Iceland 1918 only - Nov 16 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1939 only - Nov 29 2:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1940 only - Nov 3 2:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1941 only - Mar 2 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1941 only - Nov 2 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1942 only - Mar 8 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1942 only - Oct 25 1:00s 0 - d1731 2 a1732 2 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1943 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - d1734 2 a1735 2 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S # 1949 Oct transition delayed by 1 week d1739 4 a1742 4 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 -1:27:48 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time? -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1754 108 a1861 67 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and # F. Pollastri # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) # # ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: # # year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W # 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S # 09-30 09-29 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP & W # 1918 03-09 03-09 24:00 03-09 00:00 FP & S # 10-06 10-05 24:00 10-06 01:00 FP & W # 1919 03-01 03-01 24:00 03-01 00:00 FP & S # 10-04 10-04 24:00 10-04 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1920 03-20 03-20 24:00 03-20 00:00 FP & S # 09-18 09-18 24:00 10-01 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1944 04-02 04-03 02:00 S (see C-Eur) # 09-16 10-02 03:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1945 09-14 09-16 24:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1970 05-21 05-31 00:00 S # 09-20 09-27 00:00 S # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 10 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 2 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 19 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul d1865 2 a1866 2 Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino d1877 2 a1878 2 # Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1981-01-22 ... # according to the Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1980-10-24 d1883 2 a1884 2 # Act No.592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1984-09-24 ... # according to the Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1984-09-13 d1890 2 a1891 2 # Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1989-03-22 ... # according to the Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1989-03-14 d1908 1 a1908 1 # 29-Feb-2000 (#79) , d1912 1 a1912 1 # d1918 1 a1918 1 # Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few d1925 1 a1925 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1929 11 a1939 9 # Milne says Riga time was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:28 - LMT 1880 1:36:28 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer 1:36:28 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 1:36:28 - RMT 1926 May 11 d1943 2 a1944 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s d1951 4 d1956 1 a1956 15 # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09): # Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich. # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18): # http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf # ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942. # I ... translate only the last two paragraphs: # ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein # introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland. From 1943 on # central European time was in force throughout the year. # From a report of the duke's government to the high council, # regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977. Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz d1958 2 a1959 1 # Lithuania d1991 1 a1991 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1993 1 a1993 1 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time d2000 2 a2001 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s d2003 2 a2004 2 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u d2009 1 a2009 3 # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2033 2 a2034 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2037 3 a2039 3 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 d2043 8 a2050 2 # Macedonia # See Europe/Belgrade. d2053 5 a2057 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2065 2 a2066 4 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s d2073 10 d2119 1 a2119 1 # http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html d2121 12 d2134 1 a2134 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2141 1 a2141 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 May 6 2:00 - EET 1991 d2145 1 a2145 1 2:00 EU EE%sT d2148 4 a2151 6 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's # more precise 0:09:21. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 d2156 1 a2156 1 # See Europe/Belgrade. d2159 1 a2159 40 # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, # but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time. # However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01): # Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00 # Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including # the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time # (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the # common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was # not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law. # On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and # was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd"). # # (2001-04-08): # 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to # observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common # practice of following Amsterdam mean time. # # (2001-04-09): # In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the # municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe # Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was # actually followed. # # From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to # observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of # Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most # places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically # adopted Amsterdam mean time. # # Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety # of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it # was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe # Amsterdam mean time. # The data before 1945 are taken from # . # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2182 3 a2184 4 # # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13 exactly, but the .13 is omitted # below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2187 2 a2188 2 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 16 0:00 # Dutch Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 d2193 1 a2193 3 # http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks & # Pottenger. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2201 2 a2202 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a2209 46 # From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From # and # ). The law/regulation # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From # ) I have not been # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): # # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was # keeping Berlin time. # # says that the meteorologists # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite # frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. # # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an # Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says # ). The Svalbard FAQ # says that the Germans were # expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, # and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) # # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo # for these regions. d2217 1 a2217 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2228 1 a2228 1 # d2247 1 a2247 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2249 2 a2250 2 1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00 d2252 1 a2252 1 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1940 Jun 23 2:00 d2259 61 a2319 21 # # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. # # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # Guess that the Azores changed to EU rules in 1992 (since that's when Portugal # harmonized with the EU), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not # done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. # Go with Shanks & Pottenger. a2320 1 # Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. d2322 32 a2353 6 Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1918 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1919 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1920 only - Feb 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1921 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S d2355 1 a2355 1 Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - d2367 2 d2379 9 d2389 1 a2389 2 # Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - d2391 1 d2401 94 a2494 24 Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman. # Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00s 0 - Rule Port 1978 1979 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Port 1979 1982 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1980 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # Shanks & Pottenger say the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24; # Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett. Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u d2496 94 a2589 11 Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada -1:54:32 - HMT 1911 May 24 # Horta Mean Time -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u -1:00 EU AZO%sT Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal -1:07:36 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s d2601 1 a2601 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2611 1 a2611 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2613 2 a2614 2 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s d2624 1 a2624 1 # Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 d2634 1 a2634 1 # Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: d2645 1 a2645 1 # 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. d2648 1 a2648 1 # http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html d2652 1 a2652 1 # in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which d2656 2 a2657 2 # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... d2681 1 a2681 1 # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/%28Spravka%29?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 d2692 1 a2692 1 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will looks like this: a2695 1 # Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. d2734 27 d2766 1 a2766 1 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 a2770 3 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2773 22 a2794 1 # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast d2797 5 a2801 5 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2805 2 a2806 1 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): d2808 154 a2961 46 # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast # 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast # 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast # 77 RU-MOW Moscow # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug d2965 1 a2965 1 # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30").... d2967 3 a2969 3 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz E.L. New Counting of Time in Russia # since July 1, 1919, p. 18.) The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia # was defined by Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow d2971 1 a2971 1 # coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" > d2983 1 a2983 1 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 d2987 4 a2990 4 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2994 2 a2995 4 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Simferopol covers... # ** **** Crimea, Republic of # ** **** Sevastopol d3003 2 a3004 2 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 - EET 1992 d3007 3 a3009 3 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. d3013 6 a3018 6 # changed in May. 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. d3020 1 a3020 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u d3023 11 a3033 7 # http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): # Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks # late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial # and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d3037 49 a3085 10 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Volgograd covers... # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09): # Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300. # Perhaps it switched after the others? But we have no data. d3088 9 a3096 8 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d3099 34 d3136 2 a3137 13 # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - SAMT d3139 37 d3179 9 a3187 9 # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug d3192 14 a3205 9 # Milne says Yekaterinburg time was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - YEKT d3210 76 a3285 11 # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - OMST d3287 2 d3290 44 a3333 16 # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Novosibirsk covers... # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's # not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - NOVT d3338 1 a3338 1 # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast d3346 1 a3346 1 # This is according to Government of Russia decree # 740, on September a3357 3 # # As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as # Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. d3363 7 a3369 9 Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk T 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time d3373 3 a3375 3 # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai d3380 9 a3388 7 Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - KRAT d3393 2 a3394 2 # 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of # 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast d3399 12 a3410 10 # Milne says Irkutsk time was 6:57:15. Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:15 - LMT 1880 6:57:15 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - IRKT d3415 1 a3415 1 # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai d3420 6 d3427 7 a3433 6 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - IRKT d3438 1 a3438 1 # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast d3470 9 a3478 7 Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - YAKT d3483 3 a3485 3 # 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai # 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai # 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast d3491 11 a3501 9 # Milne says Vladivostok time was 8:47:33.5; round to nearest. Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:34 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - VLAT d3509 2 a3510 2 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time d3519 8 a3526 8 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - YAKT d3531 1 a3531 1 # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast d3535 5 d3542 8 a3549 8 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - SAKT d3554 1 a3554 1 # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast d3563 8 d3572 7 a3578 6 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - MAGT d3609 2 a3610 2 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 a3620 3 # # Since Magadan Oblast moves to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26, we cannot keep using MAGT # as the abbreviation. Use SRET instead. d3623 6 a3628 6 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time d3635 2 a3636 2 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from d3646 8 a3653 8 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - VLAT d3658 1 a3658 1 # 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai d3666 6 a3671 6 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - PETT d3676 1 a3676 1 # 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug d3679 7 a3685 8 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - ANAT d3688 1 a3688 1 # See Europe/Rome. d3691 1 a3691 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3695 1 a3695 1 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s a3701 5 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia d3704 1 a3704 1 Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava d3707 7 a3713 1 # See Europe/Belgrade. d3716 58 a3773 32 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Spain 1943 only - Oct 3 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1944 only - Oct 10 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1945 only - Sep 30 1:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1946 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - d3775 2 a3776 2 Rule Spain 1949 only - Sep 30 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S d3780 9 a3788 3 Rule Spain 1977 1978 - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978. d3798 3 a3800 3 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00s 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1946 Sep 30 d3803 1 a3803 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901 d3808 2 a3809 1 0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 d3813 3 a3815 3 -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries Time 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s d3821 1 a3821 46 # From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: # # The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all # places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. # # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... # # About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk # författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning # of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at # the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English # observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west # from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated # 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time # in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. # # 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states # that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is # pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... # Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". # # The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish # Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are # not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available # in Swedish): (type # "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click # the Sök-button). # # (2001-05-13): # # I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00 # summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show # 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some # people thought the switch to standard time would take place already # at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another # hour before the event took place. # # Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3823 1 a3823 1 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time d3825 1 a3825 1 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 01:00 d3834 1 a3834 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3888 2 a3889 2 # http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". d3894 1 a3894 1 # ... d3899 2 a3900 2 # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11): # Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. d3921 14 a3934 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3937 1 a3937 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3939 2 a3940 1 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time d3943 1 d3947 73 a4019 16 # From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): # The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. # ... The latest rules are available at: # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): # I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that # DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure # what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001: # http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/arsiv/1996/21/N4.htm # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING97/03/97X03X25.TXT # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING98/03/98X03X02.HTM # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING99/10/99X10X26.HTM#%2016 # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2000/03/00X03X06.HTM#%2021 # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2001/03/23x03x01.HTM#%2027 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-03): # Prefer the above source to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1990. d4035 1 a4035 1 # http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 d4037 1 a4037 1 # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373 d4055 31 a4085 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d4099 2 a4100 2 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 - a4103 4 # Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S d4108 1 a4108 1 Rule Turkey 1947 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - d4110 1 a4110 1 Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 S d4112 1 a4112 1 Rule Turkey 1951 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - d4114 1 a4114 1 Rule Turkey 1962 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - a4116 2 Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - May Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - d4118 1 a4118 1 Rule Turkey 1973 only - Nov 4 3:00 0 - d4120 13 a4132 17 Rule Turkey 1974 only - Nov 3 5:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1975 1976 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1976 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 only - Oct 16 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1979 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 3:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1979 1982 - Oct Mon>=11 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 3:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1991 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - d4134 1 a4134 1 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d4137 2 a4138 2 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15 3:00 Turkey TR%sT 1985 Apr 20 # Turkey Time d4140 8 a4147 6 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. d4151 17 d4171 1 a4171 1 # regulations number 509, May 13, 1996. In my poor translation it says: d4180 1 a4180 1 # Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got d4190 1 a4190 1 # http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ d4207 1 a4207 1 # From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kiev time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): d4235 3 a4237 6 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # Most of Ukraine since 1970 has been like Kiev. # "Kyiv" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but # "Kiev" is more common in English. Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time d4241 3 a4243 30 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. # "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Rusyn/Ukrainian pronunciation, but # "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct 1:00 - CET 1940 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26 1:00 - CET 1945 Jun 29 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 1:00 - CET 1991 Mar 31 3:00 2:00 - EET 1992 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Zaporozh'ye and eastern Lugansk oblasts observed DST 1990/1991. # "Zaporizhia" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but # "Zaporozh'ye" is more common in English. Use the common English # spelling, except omit the apostrophe as it is not allowed in # portable Posix file names. Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880 2:20 - CUT 1924 May 2 # Central Ukraine T 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 d4247 2 a4248 1 # See Europe/Rome. d4269 1 a4269 1 # most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only @ 1.1.1.1 log @Import tzdata2014f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2014f.tar.gz and NEWS file from https://github.com/eggert/tz/raw/2014f/NEWS. NetBSD's tzdata code is being moved from src/share/zoneinfo to src/external/public-domain/tz/dist, to simplify future maintenance. This is the same version of tzata that was previously imported to src/share/zoneinfo. The NEWS file has been added to the import, although it is not distributed in the tzdata2014f.tar.gz file. @ text @@ 1.1.1.1.4.1 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by apb in ticket #107): doc/3RDPARTY: patch external/public-domain/tz/tzdata2netbsd: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/README: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl: patch Import tzdata2014g from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2014g.tar.gz This includes changes for Turks & Caicos that will take effect on 2014-11-02, changes that affect times in the past, and some re-organisation of the source files. See src/external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS for more details. @ text @d4 1 a4 1 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, d6 1 a6 2 # tz@@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. a40 10 # Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919. # This Russian-language source was consulted by Vladimir Karpinsky; see # http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html # The full Russian citation is: # Бялокоз, Евгений Людвигович. Новый счет времени в течении суток # введенный декретом Совета народных комиссаров для всей России с 1-го # июля 1919 г. / Изд. 2-е Междуведомственной комиссии. - Петроград: # Десятая гос. тип., 1919. # http://resolver.gpntb.ru/purl?docushare/dsweb/Get/Resource-2011/Byalokoz__E.L.__Novyy__schet__vremeni__v__techenie__sutok__izd__2(1).pdf # d177 2 a178 3 # -- "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly; # republished in Finest Hour (Spring 2002) 1(114):26 # http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf d213 2 a214 2 # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png d231 2 d239 1 a239 1 # http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0 d443 1 a443 1 Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s d445 1 a445 1 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u a450 2 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d452 2 a453 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s d455 5 a459 5 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 d461 1 a461 1 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u d482 1 a482 1 # http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT d516 1 a516 1 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 d560 3 a562 3 Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 MST # Moscow Summer Time Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 MMT # Moscow Mean Time Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time d568 1 a568 1 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 MSM # Midsummer d672 1 a672 1 1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 d698 3 a700 3 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Apr 12 2:00s d716 1 a716 1 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time d721 5 a725 5 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s d783 1 a783 1 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT d813 1 a813 1 1:00 - CET 1945 Apr 2 3:00 d837 2 a838 2 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s d894 2 a895 2 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 d898 1 a898 1 Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn d983 1 a983 1 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 d987 1 a987 1 -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 d991 1 a991 1 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 d1014 1 a1014 1 # http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390 d1045 1 a1045 1 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time d1051 2 a1052 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s d1198 1 a1198 1 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT d1217 1 a1217 1 # http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/ d1246 1 a1246 1 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 d1262 1 a1262 1 # Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. d1273 2 a1274 2 Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 d1305 1 a1305 1 1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT d1406 1 a1406 1 -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1422 1 a1422 1 # http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html d1482 2 a1483 2 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s d1535 1 a1535 1 # http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html d1541 1 a1541 1 # Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvītis noted that Latvia had too few d1552 1 a1552 3 # Milne 1899 says Riga was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). # Byalokoz 1919 says Latvia was 1:36:34. # Go with Byalokoz. d1555 6 a1560 6 Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:34 - LMT 1880 1:36:34 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 # Riga MT 1:36:34 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 # Latvian ST 1:36:34 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1:36:34 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 1:36:34 - RMT 1926 May 11 d1564 2 a1565 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s d1623 1 a1623 1 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time d1630 2 a1631 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s d1633 2 a1634 2 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u d1668 3 a1670 3 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 d1687 3 a1689 3 Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s d1755 2 a1756 2 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 d1800 2 a1801 2 # The data entries before 1945 are taken from # http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm d1832 2 a1833 2 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 16 0:00 # Dutch Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 d1896 1 a1896 1 # http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html d1920 1 a1920 1 # http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1 d1941 2 a1942 2 1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00 d1944 1 a1944 1 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1940 Jun 23 2:00 a1951 8 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: # According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26) # http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf # Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett but disagrees # with Shanks, who says the transition occurred on 1911-05-24 at 00:00 for # Europe/Lisbon, Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira. # a2030 1 # d2032 9 a2040 7 Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:45 - LMT 1884 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u d2042 6 a2047 6 Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 # Horta Mean Time -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u d2049 4 a2052 4 Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 # Funchal Mean Time -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s d2076 2 a2077 2 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s d2213 1 a2213 1 # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast d2218 3 a2220 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2226 46 a2271 46 # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast # 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast # 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast # 77 RU-MOW Moscow # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug d2277 3 a2279 3 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.) # The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia was defined by # Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow d2293 1 a2293 1 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 d2297 4 a2300 4 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2315 1 a2315 1 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 d2328 2 a2329 2 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s d2333 1 a2333 1 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u d2341 2 a2342 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2348 4 a2351 4 # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast d2361 5 a2365 5 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2371 2 a2372 4 # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20. d2374 1 a2374 1 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 d2377 6 a2382 6 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s d2388 9 a2396 9 # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug d2401 1 a2401 4 # Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. # Byalokoz 1919 says its provincial time was based on Perm, at 3:45:05. # Assume it switched on 1916-07-03, the time of the new standard. # The 1919 and 1930 transitions are from Shanks. d2403 1 a2403 2 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1916 Jul 3 3:45:05 - PMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 d2405 4 a2408 4 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2414 3 a2416 3 # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast d2418 1 a2418 3 # Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30. Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:30 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 d2420 4 a2423 4 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2429 2 a2430 2 # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast d2435 1 a2435 1 Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 d2437 2 a2438 2 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s d2440 2 a2441 2 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2447 1 a2447 1 # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast d2477 5 a2481 5 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2487 3 a2489 3 # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai d2494 1 a2494 3 # Byalokoz 1919 says Krasnoyarsk was 6:11:26. Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:26 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 d2496 4 a2499 4 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2505 2 a2506 2 # 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of # 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast d2511 1 a2511 3 # Milne 1899 says Irkutsk was 6:57:15. # Byalokoz 1919 says Irkutsk was 6:57:05. # Go with Byalokoz. d2513 2 a2514 2 Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:05 - LMT 1880 6:57:05 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time d2516 4 a2519 4 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2525 1 a2525 1 # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai d2532 4 a2535 4 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2541 1 a2541 1 # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast d2573 1 a2573 3 # Byalokoz 1919 says Yakutsk was 8:38:58. Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:58 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 d2575 4 a2578 4 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2584 3 a2586 3 # 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai # 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai # 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast d2592 1 a2592 3 # Milne 1899 says Vladivostok was 8:47:33.5. # Byalokoz 1919 says Vladivostok was 8:47:31. # Go with Byalokoz. d2594 1 a2594 1 Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:31 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 d2596 4 a2599 4 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2619 2 a2620 2 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s d2622 3 a2624 3 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2630 1 a2630 1 # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast d2638 5 a2642 5 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2648 1 a2648 1 # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast d2659 4 a2662 4 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2712 5 a2716 5 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time d2736 5 a2740 5 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2746 1 a2746 1 # 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai d2755 4 a2758 4 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s d2764 1 a2764 1 # 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug d2768 5 a2772 5 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s d2784 1 a2784 1 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s d2864 1 a2864 1 0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 d2868 3 a2870 3 -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries T 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s d2923 1 a2923 1 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time d2925 1 a2925 1 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 1:00 d2994 1 a2994 1 # http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353 d3026 1 a3026 1 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time d3148 4 a3151 4 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u d3233 2 a3234 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 d3246 2 a3247 2 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 1:00 - CET 1991 Mar 31 3:00 d3261 1 a3261 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 d3287 1 a3287 1 # most European countries started DST. Before that year, only @ 1.1.1.1.4.2 log @Apply patch (requested by apb in ticket #245): Update tzdata from 2014g to 2014j. Some of the changes are: * A new Zone Pacific/Bougainville, for the part of Papua New Guinea that plans to switch from UTC+10 to UTC+11 on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. * Changes for Fiji, Belarus, and Turks & Caicos that take effect at various times in 2014. * Changes to historical data. @ text @d9 2 a10 3 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31): # # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: a12 1 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. d18 1 a18 2 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. a70 1 # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) d74 1 a74 1 # 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe (2011-2014)* a288 8 # "Countess Markievicz ... claimed that the [1916] abolition of Dublin Mean Time # was among various actions undertaken by the 'English' government that # would 'put the whole country into the SF (Sinn Féin) camp'. She claimed # Irish 'public feeling (was) outraged by forcing of English time on us'." # -- Parsons M. Dublin lost its time zone - and 25 minutes - after 1916 Rising. # Irish Times 2014-10-27. # http://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411 a595 1 # As described below, Russia's 2014 change affects Zone data, not Rule data. a725 7 # # From Alexander Bokovoy (2014-10-09): # Belarussian government decided against changing to winter time.... # http://eng.belta.by/all_news/society/Belarus-decides-against-adjusting-time-in-Russias-wake_i_76335.html # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-08): # Hence Belarus can share time zone abbreviations with Moscow again. # d738 1 a738 2 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 1:00s 3:00 - MSK d2504 1 a2504 1 Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - LMT 1924 May 1 @ 1.1.1.1.4.3 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by apb in ticket #638): doc/3RDPARTY: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to revision 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to revision 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: up to revision 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to revision 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to revision 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to revision 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to revision 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to revision 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk: up to revision 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk: up to revision 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to revision 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to revision 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to revision 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk: up to revision 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to revision 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to revision 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to revision 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to revision 1.1.1.5 Update tzdata from 2014j to 2015b. Some of the changes are: * Mongolia will start observing DST in 2015. * Changes to Palestine DST dates in 2014 and 2015. * The Mexican state of Quintana Roo, represented by America/Cancun, changed time zone in Feb 2015. * Chile's new standard time from 2015 will be its old DST. * New leap second 2015-06-30 23:59:60 UTC as per IERS Bulletin C 49. * Corrections to historic times in Iceland and Easter Island. * Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing zones only for times before 1970. @ text @d1410 4 a1413 3 # From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22): # The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see # http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html d1416 1 a1416 1 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S d1418 1 a1418 3 Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 - d1420 1 a1420 1 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 - d1422 5 a1426 2 Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 S d1429 1 a1429 1 Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - d1432 1 a1432 1 # 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week d1437 2 a1438 1 Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908 d2406 1 a2406 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s @ 1.1.1.1.4.4 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by jun in ticket #955): doc/3RDPARTY: patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/tzdata2netbsd: up to 1.7 Update tzdata to 2015f. @ text @d79 1 a79 1 # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Minsk, Moscow d196 1 a196 1 # From Paul Eggert (2015-08-08): a200 3 # The term "Summer Time" was introduced by Herbert Samuel, Home Secretary; see: # Viscount Samuel. Leisure in a Democracy. Cambridge University Press # ISBN 978-1-107-49471-8 (1949, reissued 2015), p 8. d346 1 a346 1 # which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive No. 94/21/EC. d595 1 a595 1 # Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24): d598 2 a599 2 # Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in # Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14): d831 1 a831 1 # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No. 94/1997) says: d848 1 a848 1 2:00 Bulg EE%sT 1982 Sep 26 3:00 d1065 2 a1066 2 # Regulation No. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation # No. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all d1087 1 a1087 1 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Oct 31 4:00 d1530 2 a1531 2 # Act No. 35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1981-01-22 ... # according to the Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1980-10-24 d1536 2 a1537 2 # Act No. 592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1984-09-24 ... # according to the Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1984-09-13 d1543 2 a1544 2 # Act No. 81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1989-03-22 ... # according to the Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1989-03-14 d1561 1 a1561 1 # 29-Feb-2000 (No. 79) , a1765 12 # From Roman Tudos (2015-07-02): # http://lex.justice.md/index.php?action=view&view=doc&lang=1&id=355077 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-01): # The abovementioned official link to IGO1445-868/2014 states that # 2014-10-26's fallback transition occurred at 03:00 local time. Also, # http://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara # says the 2014-03-30 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 local time. # Guess that since 1997 Moldova has switched one hour before the EU. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Moldova 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Moldova 1997 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - d1780 1 a1780 1 2:00 Moldova EE%sT d2126 1 a2126 1 # Based on last Russian Government Decree No. 725 on August 31, 2011 d2136 1 a2136 1 # Scans of [Decree No. 23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: d2147 1 a2147 1 # 2011 No. 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. d2154 1 a2154 1 # in the 'RG' - Federal Issue No. 5573 September 6, 2011" but which d2159 1 a2159 1 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution No. 725 of August 31, 2011... d2367 1 a2367 1 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s d2502 1 a2502 1 # This is according to Government of Russia decree No. 740, on September d2925 1 a2925 1 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 1:00u d3215 1 a3215 1 # regulations No. 509, May 13, 1996. In my poor translation it says: d3224 1 a3224 1 # Bill No. 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got @ 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.1 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by christos in ticket #1143): external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/LICENSE: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/tzdata2netbsd: up to 1.8 Update tzdata to 2016b. @ text @a1007 6 # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20): # "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named # "National Park" by Executive Order: # http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf # It is their only National Park. a1730 10 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # the act of the government of the Republic of Moldova Nr. 132 from 1990-05-04 # http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=2 # ... says that since 1990-05-06 on the territory of the Moldavian SSR # time would be calculated as the standard time of the second time belt # plus one hour of the "summer" time. To implement that clocks would be # adjusted one hour backwards at 1990-05-06 2:00. After that "summer" # time would be cancelled last Sunday of September at 3:00 and # reintroduced last Sunday of March at 2:00. d1789 3 a1791 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 May 6 2:00 d2321 1 a2321 1 # ... a2399 20 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-12): # Europe/Astrakhan covers... # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-12): # On February 10, 2016 Astrakhan Oblast got approval by the Federation # Council to change its time zone to UTC+4 (from current UTC+3 Moscow time).... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/work/dz.nsf/ByID/5AEBD1A341D2B41843257F47003949EF/$File/Текст проекта_третье чтение.doc # This Federal Law shall enter into force on 27 March 2016 at 02:00. Zone Europe/Astrakhan 3:12:12 - LMT 1924 May 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2402 1 a2402 1 # ... d2431 1 a2431 1 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samara Time d2436 2 a2437 2 3:00 - SAMT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s a2440 18 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21): # Europe/Ulyanovsk covers: # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17): # Ulyanovsk ... on their way to change time zones by March 27, 2016 at 2am. # Ulyanovsk Oblast ... from MSK to MSK+1 (UTC+3 to UTC+4) ... # 920582-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill in the first reading. Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2474 2 a2487 35 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22): # Asia/Barnaul covers: # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # Data before 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Letter of Bank of Russia from 1995-05-25 # http://www.bestpravo.ru/rossijskoje/lj-akty/y3a.htm # suggests that Altai Republic transitioned to Moscow+3 on # 1995-05-28. # # http://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html # has some historical data for Altai Krai: # before 1957: west part on UTC+6, east on UTC+7 # after 1957: UTC+7 # since 1995: UTC+6 # http://barnaul.rusplt.ru/index/pochemu_altajskij_kraj_okazalsja_v_neprivychnom_chasovom_pojase-17648.html # confirms that and provides more details including 1995-05-28 transition date. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17): # Altai Krai and Altai Republic on their way to change time zones # by March 27, 2016 at 2am.... # Altai Republic / Gorno-Altaysk MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) ... # Altai Krai / Barnaul MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) # 935532-6 ... 944348-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill # in the first reading. Zone Asia/Barnaul 5:35:00 - LMT 1919 Dec 10 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1995 May 28 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2529 3 a2595 6 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-02): # [The] time zone in the Trans-Baikal Territory (Zabaykalsky Krai) - # Asia/Chita [is changing] from UTC+8 to UTC+9. Effective date will # be March 27, 2016 at 2:00am.... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/000120151230010 d2602 1 a2602 2 8:00 - IRKT 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - YAKT a2703 5 # From Matt Johnson (2016-02-22): # Asia/Sakhalin is moving (in entirety) from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=888645-6 # Appears to have been approved in both first and second readings d2713 1 a2713 2 10:00 - SAKT 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - SAKT a3152 11 # From Fatih (2015-09-29): # It's officially announced now by the Ministry of Energy. # Turkey delays winter time to 8th of November 04:00 # http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-8-kasimda-sona-erecek/362217 # # From BBC News (2015-10-25): # Confused Turks are asking "what's the time?" after automatic clocks defied a # government decision ... "For the next two weeks #Turkey is on EEST... Erdogan # Engineered Standard Time," said Twitter user @@aysekarahasan. # http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34631326 a3221 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2015 Oct 25 1:00u 2:00 1:00 EEST 2015 Nov 8 1:00u @ 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.2 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #1324): distrib/sets/lists/base/mi: 1.1125, 1.1128, 1.1132, 1.1137, 1.1139, 1.1140 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/LICENSE: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/share/zoneinfo/Makefile: up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/tzdata2netbsd: up to 1.11 Update tzdata to 2016j. @ text @d78 2 a79 1 # 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow a585 5 # Daylight saving time for Russia and the Soviet Union # # The 1917-1921 decree URLs are from Alexander Belopolsky (2016-08-23). a587 2 # # Decree No. 142 (1917-12-22) http://istmat.info/node/28137 a588 2 # # Decree No. 497 (1918-05-30) http://istmat.info/node/30001 a590 2 # # Decree No. 258 (1919-05-29) http://istmat.info/node/37949 d592 1 a592 2 # Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 0:00u 1:00 MSD a593 2 # # Decree No. 63 (1921-02-03) http://istmat.info/node/45840 d595 1 a595 4 # # Decree No. 121 (1921-03-07) http://istmat.info/node/45949 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 +05 # d603 2 a604 2 Rule Russia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S d606 4 a612 28 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Wikipedia and other sources refer to the Act of the Council of # Ministers of the USSR from 1988-01-04 No. 5 and the Act of the # Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1989-03-14 No. 227. # # I did not find full texts of these acts. For the 1989 one we have # title at http://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : # "About change in calculation of time on the territories of # Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR, Astrakhan, # Kaliningrad, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk and Uralsk oblasts". # And http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt appears to # contain quotes from both acts: Since last Sunday of March 1988 rules # of the second time belt are installed in Volgograd and Saratov # oblasts. Since last Sunday of March 1989: # a) Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, Estonian SSR, Kaliningrad oblast: # second time belt rules without extra hour (Moscow-1); # b) Astrakhan, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk oblasts: second time belt # rules (Moscow time) # c) Uralsk oblast: third time belt rules (Moscow+1). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): # Unamended version of the act of the # Government of the Russian Federation No. 23 from 08.01.1992 # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102014034&rdk=0 # says that every year clocks were to be moved forward on last Sunday # of March at 2 hours and moved backwards on last Sunday of September # at 3 hours. It was amended in 1996 to replace September with October. a733 8 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-02): # http://www.lawbelarus.com/repub/sub30/texf9611.htm # (Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus from # 1992-03-25 No. 157) ... says clocks were to be moved forward at 2:00 # on last Sunday of March and backward at 3:00 on last Sunday of September # (the same as previous USSR and contemporary Russian regulations). # d746 2 d757 3 d761 2 a762 1 3:00 - +03 d862 1 a862 1 # Czech Republic / Czechia a1038 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # d1266 1 a1266 1 # this was equivalent to UT +03, not +04. d1457 62 a1518 73 # From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10 # ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into # force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in # the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin...." # # From Pierpaolo Bernardi (2016-10-20): # The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological # institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at # http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml # (2016-10-24): # http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/ # has still different data for 1944. It divides Italy in two, as # there were effectively two governments at the time, north of Gothic # Line German controlled territory, official government RSI, and south # of the Gothic Line, controlled by allied armies. # # From Brian Inglis (2016-10-23): # Viceregal LEGISLATIVE DECREE. 14 September 1944, no. 219. # Restoration of Standard Time. (044U0219) (OJ 62 of 30.9.1944) ... # Given the R. law decreed on 1944-03-29, no. 92, by which standard time is # advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ... # Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed. # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27): # Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944 # for the Kingdom of Italy. This is consistent with Renzo Baldini. # Model Rome's occupation by using using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 # to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it # was effectively controlled by Germany. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 1917 - Sep 30 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Mar 31 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 9 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Oct 6 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 1 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1919 only - Oct 4 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1944 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 only - Sep 24 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1967 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - d1521 3 a1523 3 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1943 Sep 10 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jun 4 a1631 3 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d1671 2 a1672 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s a1718 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-21): # Assume 1900-1972 was like Rome, overriding Shanks. # d1729 2 d1862 1 a1862 1 # http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2227 1 a2282 15 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # http://www.rgo.ru/ru/kaliningradskoe-oblastnoe-otdelenie/ob-otdelenii/publikacii/kak-nam-zhilos-bez-letnego-vremeni # confirms that the 1989 change to Moscow-1 was implemented. # (The article, though, is misattributed to 1990 while saying that # summer->winter transition would be done on the 24 of September. But # 1990-09-24 was Monday, while 1989-09-24 was Sunday as expected.) # ... # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad switched to Moscow-1 on 1989-03-26, avoided # at the last moment switch to Moscow-1 on 1991-03-31, switched to # Moscow on 1991-11-03, switched to Moscow-1 on 1992-01-19. d2286 1 a2286 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s d2288 1 a2288 1 3:00 - +03 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2292 1 a2292 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21), per Tim Parenti (2014-07-03) and # Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): d2335 1 a2340 91 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): # The Soviets switched to UT-based time in 1919. Decree No. 59 # (1919-02-08) http://istmat.info/node/35567 established UT-based time # zones, and Decree No. 147 (1919-03-29) http://istmat.info/node/35854 # specified a transition date of 1919-07-01, apparently at 00:00 UT. # No doubt only the Soviet-controlled regions switched on that date; # later transitions to UT-based time in other parts of Russia are # taken from what appear to be guesses by Shanks. # (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky for pointers to the decrees.) # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # 11. Regions-violators, 1981-1982. # Wikipedia refers to # http://maps.monetonos.ru/maps/raznoe/Old_Maps/Old_Maps/Articles/022/3_1981.html # http://besp.narod.ru/nauka_1981_3.htm # # The second link provides two articles scanned from the Nauka i Zhizn # magazine No. 3, 1981 and a scan of the short article attributed to # the Trud newspaper from February 1982. The first link provides the # same Nauka i Zhizn articles converted to the text form (but misses # time belt changes map). # # The second Nauka i Zhizn article says that in addition to # introduction of summer time on 1981-04-01 there are some time belt # border changes on 1981-10-01, mostly affecting Nenets Autonomous # Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Yakutia, Magadan Oblast and Chukotka # according to the provided map (colored one). In addition to that # "time violators" (regions which were not using rules of the time # belts in which they were located) would not be moving off the DST on # 1981-10-01 to restore the decree time usage. (Komi ASSR was # supposed to repeat that move in October 1982 to account for the 2 # hour difference.) Map depicting "time violators" before 1981-10-01 # is also provided. # # The article from Trud says that 1981-10-01 changes caused problems # and some territories would be moved to pre-1981-10-01 time by not # moving to summer time on 1982-04-01. Namely: Dagestan, # Kabardino-Balkar, Kalmyk, Komi, Mari, Mordovian, North Ossetian, # Tatar, Chechen-Ingush and Chuvash ASSR, Krasnodar and Stavropol # krais, Arkhangelsk, Vladimir, Vologda, Voronezh, Gorky, Ivanovo, # Kostroma, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov, Ryazan, Tambov, Tyumen and # Yaroslavl oblasts, Nenets and Evenk autonomous okrugs, Khatangsky # district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. As a result Evenk Autonomous # Okrug and Khatangsky district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug would end # up on Moscow+4, Tyumen Oblast on Moscow+2 and the rest on Moscow # time. # # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # attributes the 1982 changes to the Act of the Council of Ministers # of the USSR No. 126 from 18.02.1982. 1980-925.txt also adds # Udmurtia to the list of affected territories and lists Khatangsky # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. Probably erroneously. # # The affected territories are currently listed under Europe/Moscow, # Asia/Yekaterinburg and Asia/Krasnoyarsk. # # 12. Udmurtia # The fact that Udmurtia is depicted as a violator in the Nauka i # Zhizn article hints at Izhevsk being on different time from # Kuybyshev before 1981-10-01. Udmurtia is not mentioned in the 1989 act. # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # implies Udmurtia was on Moscow time after 1982-04-01. # Wikipedia implies Udmurtia being on Moscow+1 until 1991. # # ... # # All Russian zones are supposed to have by default a -1 change at # 1991-03-31 2:00 (cancellation of the decree time in the USSR) and a +1 # change at 1992-01-19 2:00 (restoration of the decree time in Russia). # # There were some exceptions, though. # Wikipedia says newspapers listed Astrakhan, Saratov, Kirov, Volgograd, # Izhevsk, Grozny, Kazan and Samara as such exceptions for the 1992 # change. (Different newspapers providing different lists. And some # lists found in the internet are quite wild.) # # And apparently some exceptions were reverted in the last moment. # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad decided not to be an exception 2 days before the # 1991-03-31 switch and one person at # http://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html # says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception # 2 days before the switch. # # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Given the above, we appear to be missing some Zone entries for the # chaotic early 1980s in Russia. It's not clear what these entries # should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the # time in Moscow. d2361 1 a2361 1 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2414 2 a2415 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Astrakhan covers: a2416 2 # # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d2421 1 a2422 2 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201602150056 d2434 3 a2436 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Volgograd covers: d2438 1 a2438 14 # The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04). Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Saratov covers: d2441 3 a2443 6 # From Yuri Konotopov (2016-11-11): # Dec 4, 2016 02:00 UTC+3.... Saratov Region's local time will be ... UTC+4. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-11): # ... Byalokoz listed Saratov on 03:04:18. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-22): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611220031 d2445 10 a2454 9 Zone Europe/Saratov 3:04:18 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - +04 a2455 13 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Kirov covers: # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 a2461 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): a2462 1 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d2464 10 a2473 10 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - +03 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia +04/+05 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2475 1 a2475 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): a2478 2 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). a2482 2 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051 d2484 1 a2484 1 Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2516 6 a2521 6 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - +05 d2531 6 a2536 6 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 a2541 1 d2563 2 a2564 3 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090043 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090038 a2567 2 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s d2574 2 a2575 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Novosibirsk covers: d2577 1 d2579 2 a2580 6 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-05-30): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=1085784-6 # moves Novosibirsk oblast from UTC+6 to UTC+7. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-04): # The law was signed yesterday and published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201607040064 d2583 7 a2589 60 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - +07 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Tomsk covers: # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-24): # Byalokoz listed Tomsk at 5:39:51. # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-19): # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102075743 # (fifth time belt being UTC+5+1(decree time) # / UTC+5+1(decree time)+1(summer time)) ... # Note that time belts (numbered from 2 (Moscow) to 12 according to their # GMT/UTC offset and having too many exceptions like regions formally # belonging to one belt but using time from another) were replaced # with time zones in 2011 with different numbering (there was a # 2-hour gap between second and third zones in 2011-2014). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-04-12): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=1006865-6 # This bill was approved in the first reading today. It moves Tomsk oblast # from UTC+6 to UTC+7 and is supposed to come into effect on 2016-05-29 at # 2:00. The bill needs to be approved in the second and the third readings by # the State Duma, approved by the Federation Council, signed by the President # and published to become a law. Minor changes in the text are to be expected # before the second reading (references need to be updated to account for the # recent changes). # # Judging by the ultra-short one-day amendments period, recent similar laws, # the State Duma schedule and the Federation Council schedule # http://www.duma.gov.ru/legislative/planning/day-shedule/por_vesna_2016/ # http://council.gov.ru/activity/meetings/schedule/63303 # I speculate that the final text of the bill will be proposed tomorrow, the # bill will be approved in the second and the third readings on Friday, # approved by the Federation Council on 2016-04-20, signed by the President and # published as a law around 2016-04-26. # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-26): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604260048 Zone Asia/Tomsk 5:39:51 - LMT 1919 Dec 22 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2620 8 a2627 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2641 6 a2646 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2663 6 a2668 6 7:00 - +07 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - +09 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 d2682 1 a2682 1 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107 d2685 7 a2691 7 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - +09 d2731 6 a2736 6 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2754 6 a2759 6 9:00 - +09 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d2777 8 a2784 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2004 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2795 2 a2796 2 # (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090044 d2800 9 a2808 8 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 a2821 8 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-03-27): # ... draft bill 948300-6 to change its time zone from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # will take ... effect ... on April 24, 2016 at 2 o'clock # # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-05): # ... signed by the President today ... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604050038 d2823 6 a2828 7 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d2871 3 d2876 6 a2881 6 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d2899 8 a2906 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d2919 6 a2924 6 11:00 - +11 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d2932 7 a2938 7 12:00 - +12 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia +13/+14 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d3197 16 a3212 18 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2016-09-25): # 1) For 1986-2006, DST started at 01:00 local and ended at 02:00 local, with # no exceptions. # 2) 1994's lastSun was overridden with Mar 20 ... # Here are official papers: # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf - page 2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf - page 4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf - page 15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf - page 6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf - page 1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf - page 15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf - page 1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf - page 1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf - page 10 for 1998 - 2000 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25): # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1985. a3258 8 # From Burak AYDIN (2016-09-08): # Turkey will stay in Daylight Saving Time even in winter.... # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/09/20160908-2.pdf # # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-07): # The change is permanent, so this is the new standard time in Turkey. # It takes effect today, which is not much notice. d3313 4 a3316 4 Rule Turkey 1986 1993 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1994 only - Mar 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1995 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S d3322 1 a3322 1 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1985 Apr 20 d3330 1 a3330 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - +03 @ 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.3 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #1374): doc/3RDPARTY: 1.1420 via patch distrib/sets/lists/base/mi: 1.1155 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.13 Update to tzdata2017a. @ text @d9 1 a9 1 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): d16 2 a17 2 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source # for time zone data was the International Air Transport d59 1 d62 17 a78 15 # the rest are variants of the "xMT" pattern for a city's mean time, # or are from other sources. Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT* NST* Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937) # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899) # 1:36:34 RMT* LST* Riga, Latvian Summer (1880-1926)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 MSK MSD MDST* Moscow d478 1 a478 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT d1067 2 a1068 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996 d1071 3 a1073 3 -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU -01/+00 d1075 2 a1076 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 d1491 1 a1491 1 -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1955 1 a1955 1 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 a2171 1 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2174 3 a2176 11 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Apr 3 2:00 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s d2178 1 a2178 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2181 1 a2181 9 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Apr 3 2:00 d2539 4 a2542 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06): # Europe/Simferopol covers Crimea. d3235 32 a3266 58 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-14): # # The source for Europe/Madrid before 2013 is: # Planesas P. La hora oficial en España y sus cambios. # Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid (2013, in Spanish). # http://astronomia.ign.es/rknowsys-theme/images/webAstro/paginas/documentos/Anuario/lahoraoficialenespana.pdf # As this source says that historical time in the Canaries is obscure, # and it does not discuss Ceuta, stick with Shanks for now for that data. # # In the 1918 and 1919 fallback transitions in Spain, the clock for # the hour-longer day officially kept going after midnight, so that # the repeated instances of that day's 00:00 hour were 24 hours apart, # with a fallback transition from the second occurrence of 00:59... to # the next day's 00:00. Our data format cannot represent this # directly, and instead repeats the first hour of the next day, with a # fallback transition from the next day's 00:59... to 00:00. # From Michael Deckers (2016-12-15): # The Royal Decree of 1900-06-26 quoted by Planesas, online at # https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1900/209/A00383-00384.pdf # says in its article 5 (my translation): # These dispositions will enter into force beginning with the # instant at which, according to the time indicated in article 1, # the 1st day of January of 1901 will begin. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1918 1919 - Oct 6 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 6 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Republican Spain during the civil war; it controlled Madrid until 1939-03-28. Rule Spain 1937 only - Jun 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 only - Oct 2 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 30 23:00 2:00 M Rule Spain 1938 only - Oct 2 24:00 1:00 S # The following rules are for unified Spain again. # # Planesas does not say what happened in Madrid between its fall on # 1939-03-28 and the Nationalist spring-forward transition on # 1939-04-15. For lack of better info, assume Madrid's clocks did not # change during that period. # # The first rule is commented out, as it is redundant for Republican Spain. #Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Oct 7 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1944 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - d3268 2 a3269 2 Rule Spain 1949 only - Oct 2 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=12 23:00 1:00 S d3273 2 a3274 7 Rule Spain 1977 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - # Nationalist Spain during the civil war #Rule NatSpain 1937 only - May 22 23:00 1:00 S #Rule NatSpain 1937 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - #Rule NatSpain 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00 1:00 S d3286 2 a3287 2 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:45:16 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00 d3290 1 a3290 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:38:44 d3299 1 a3299 1 -1:00 - -01 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3712 1 a3712 1 2:20 - +0220 1924 May 2 @ 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.4 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #1519): distrib/sets/lists/base/mi: 1.1164 doc/3RDPARTY: 1.2326 via patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/LICENSE: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/calendars: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.14 Update tzdata to 2017c. @ text @d40 1 a40 1 # . He writes: d47 1 a47 1 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html d190 1 a190 1 # https://www.winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-114/a-silent-toast-to-william-willett-by-winston-s-churchill d228 2 a229 2 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png d246 1 a246 1 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ d252 1 a252 1 # https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0 d298 1 a298 1 # https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411 a350 6 # Michael Deckers (2017-06-01) gave the following URLs for Ireland's # Summer Time Act, 1925 and Summer Time Orders, 1926 and 1947: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print.html d475 1 a475 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s # Dublin MT d478 5 a482 5 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s d628 1 a628 1 # title at https://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : d659 1 a659 1 # https://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html d786 1 a786 1 # https://news.tut.by/society/250578.html d1107 1 a1107 1 # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) d1159 1 a1159 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf d1172 1 a1172 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf d1302 1 a1302 1 # https://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/ d1527 1 a1527 1 # Model Rome's occupation by using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 d1842 1 a1842 1 # https://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html d1849 1 a1849 1 # https://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara d1921 1 a1921 1 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2002 1 a2002 1 # says that the meteorologists d2040 1 a2040 1 # https://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1 d2074 1 a2074 1 # https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf d2256 1 a2256 1 # https://rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html d2264 1 a2264 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 d2300 1 a2300 1 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will look like this: d2347 1 a2347 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 d2512 1 a2512 1 # https://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html d2584 1 a2584 1 # https://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html d2767 1 a2767 1 # https://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html d3141 2 a3142 2 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 d3463 1 a3463 1 # https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html d3540 1 a3540 1 # https://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 d3542 1 a3542 1 # https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-bir-gun-ileri-alindi-17230464 d3678 1 a3678 1 # https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ @ 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.5 log @Pull up the following revisions, requested by kre in tickt #1589: external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.16 Update of /cvsroot/src/external/public-domain/tz/dist In directory ivanova.netbsd.org:/tmp/cvs-serv18468 Log Message: Import tzdata2018d from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018d.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018d (2018-03-22 07:05:46 -0700): In 2018, Palestine starts DST on March 24 (today!), not March 31 Casey Station in Antarctica changed from +11 to +08 on 2018-03-11 at 04:00. Various adjustments to some historical conversions (several for Uruguay (1920 .. 1990), one fpr Enderbury and Kiritimati (1994/5), one for Portugal and colonies (1912) and Jamaica and Turks & Caicos (pre 1913)). @ text @a70 1 # 1:00 IST GMT Irish Standard (1968-) with winter DST d77 2 a78 2 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), re EEC/EC/EU members: # The original six: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, d119 2 a120 2 # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. d160 1 a160 1 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°. a280 2 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-04): d282 6 a287 2 # Dunsink Observatory (8 km NW of Dublin's center) was to Dublin as # Greenwich was to London. For example: a290 17 # # The abbreviation DMT stood for "Dublin Mean Time" or "Dunsink Mean Time"; # this being Ireland, opinions differed. # # Whitman says Dublin/Dunsink Mean Time was UT-00:25:21, which agrees # with measurements of recent visitors to the Meridian Room of Dunsink # Observatory; see Malone D. Dunsink and timekeeping. 2016-01-24. # . Malone # writes that the Nautical Almanac listed UT-00:25:22 until 1896, when # it moved to UT-00:25:21.1 (I confirmed that the 1893 edition used # the former and the 1896 edition used the latter). Evidently the # news of this change propagated slowly, as Milne 1899 still lists # UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau. As it is # not clear that there was any practical significance to the change # from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this # transition for now and just use the latter value, omitting its # fraction since our format cannot represent fractions. a349 16 # # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-07): # The 1996 anonymous contributor's goal was to determine the correct # abbreviation for summer time in Dublin and so the contributor # focused on the "IST", not on the "Irish Summer Time". Though the # "IST" was correct, the "Irish Summer Time" appears to have been an # error, as Ireland's Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971 states that # standard time in Ireland remains at UT +01 and is observed in # summer, and that Greenwich mean time is observed in winter. (Thanks # to Derick Rethans for pointing out the error.) That is, when # Ireland amended the 1968 act that established UT +01 as Irish # Standard Time, it left standard time unchanged and established GMT # as a negative daylight saving time in winter. So, in this database # IST stands for Irish Summer Time for timestamps before 1968, and for # Irish Standard Time after that. See: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1971/act/17/enacted/en/print d353 3 a355 3 # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print a478 28 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15): # In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the # Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # # To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the # following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps # after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst # flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often # suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE # values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should # not rely on it. # # The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. It is for when # negative SAVE values are used. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S #Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 GMT d481 1 a481 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s a489 3 # The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used. # 1:00 Eire IST/GMT # These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative. a493 1 d498 2 a499 3 # The following rules are for the European Union and for its # predecessor organization, the European Communities. # For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file. d932 1 a932 1 # The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973: d988 3 a990 4 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-10): # Greenland joined the European Communities as part of Denmark, # obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, and left the European Communities # on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU d1304 1 a1304 1 # [See tz-link.html for the URL.] d1401 1 a1401 1 # go with EU rules instead, since Greece joined Jan 1. d1473 1 a1473 1 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - d1476 1 a1476 1 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - d1478 1 a1478 1 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - d1480 1 a1480 1 Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - d1482 1 a1482 1 Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - d1484 1 a1484 1 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d1487 1 a1487 1 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d2077 1 a2077 1 d2082 3 a2084 1 # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett.... a2085 6 # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15): # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...: # These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which, # according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins, # all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ... d2100 1 a2100 1 # harmonized with EU rules), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. d2168 1 a2168 1 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT d2177 1 a2177 1 -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT d2193 1 a2193 1 -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT d2531 1 a2531 1 # Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30").... d2537 1 a2537 1 # coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" > d2775 3 a2777 3 # before 1957: west part on UT+6, east on UT+7 # after 1957: UT+7 # since 1995: UT+6 d3366 1 a3366 1 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30" d3470 1 a3470 1 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50". a3584 11 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2017-10-28): # Turkey will go back to Daylight Saving Time starting 2018-10. # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/10/20171028-5.pdf # # From Even Scharning (2017-11-08): # ... today it was announced that the DST will become "continuous": # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yaz-saati-uygulamasi-surekli-hale-geldi-40637482 # From Paul Eggert (2017-11-08): # Although Google Translate misfires on that source, it looks like # Turkey reversed last month's decision, and so will stay at +03. @ 1.1.1.1.4.4.2.6 log @Sync external/public-domain/tz/dist to current, requested by kre in ticket #1644: external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/pacificnew up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/systemv up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/yearistype.sh up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl up to 1.1.1.2 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Import tzdata2018f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018f.tar.gz Volgograd moves from +03 to +04 on 2018-10-28. Fiji ends DST 2019-01-13, not 2019-01-20. Most of Chile changes DST dates, effective 2019-04-06. Plus corrections to North Korea's 2018-05-05 and China's April 1988 updates (getting the actual time/date of the transition correct) Corrections for Macau pre 1992, Japan in late 1940's - early 1950's, and China (Shanghai) 1940's. The Phillipines get their timezone name abbreviations back. - Import tzdata2018g from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018g.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018g (2018-10-26 22:22:45 -0700): Morocco switches to permanent +01 on 2018-10-27. @ text @a0 2 # tzdb data for Europe and environs d520 1 a520 1 # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps d531 7 a537 7 Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 - d551 1 a551 1 1:00 Eire IST/GMT d553 3 a555 3 # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST a972 7 # # From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15. # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time; # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT. # d974 2 a975 2 Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - d978 2 a979 1 Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S d984 1 a984 7 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST. # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # End of rearguard section. d2019 1 a2019 1 # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted a2417 27 # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16): # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/ # # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16): # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following: # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов, # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия # единой службы времени, 1956 г. # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby. # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21): # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957. # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example, # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such # exceptions grew considerably. d2428 3 a2697 9 # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20): # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018. # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11): # The law has been published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037 d2706 1 a2706 2 3:00 - +03 2018 Oct 28 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d3395 1 a3395 2 # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978, # except with "S" letters. a3414 1 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk. d3600 1 a3600 1 # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985. a3809 21 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03): # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings. # For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in # English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a # transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of # Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech # "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague" # came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something # in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that # means less disruption for our users. # # Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff, # Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in # Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an # English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker # would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as # "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do: # https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg d3811 3 a3813 1 # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev". @ 1.1.1.1.4.5 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by christos in ticket #1143): external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/LICENSE: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/tzdata2netbsd: up to 1.8 Update tzdata to 2016b. @ text @a1007 6 # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20): # "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named # "National Park" by Executive Order: # http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf # It is their only National Park. a1730 10 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # the act of the government of the Republic of Moldova Nr. 132 from 1990-05-04 # http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=2 # ... says that since 1990-05-06 on the territory of the Moldavian SSR # time would be calculated as the standard time of the second time belt # plus one hour of the "summer" time. To implement that clocks would be # adjusted one hour backwards at 1990-05-06 2:00. After that "summer" # time would be cancelled last Sunday of September at 3:00 and # reintroduced last Sunday of March at 2:00. d1789 3 a1791 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 May 6 2:00 d2321 1 a2321 1 # ... a2399 20 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-12): # Europe/Astrakhan covers... # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-12): # On February 10, 2016 Astrakhan Oblast got approval by the Federation # Council to change its time zone to UTC+4 (from current UTC+3 Moscow time).... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/work/dz.nsf/ByID/5AEBD1A341D2B41843257F47003949EF/$File/Текст проекта_третье чтение.doc # This Federal Law shall enter into force on 27 March 2016 at 02:00. Zone Europe/Astrakhan 3:12:12 - LMT 1924 May 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2402 1 a2402 1 # ... d2431 1 a2431 1 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samara Time d2436 2 a2437 2 3:00 - SAMT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s a2440 18 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21): # Europe/Ulyanovsk covers: # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17): # Ulyanovsk ... on their way to change time zones by March 27, 2016 at 2am. # Ulyanovsk Oblast ... from MSK to MSK+1 (UTC+3 to UTC+4) ... # 920582-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill in the first reading. Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2474 2 a2487 35 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22): # Asia/Barnaul covers: # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # Data before 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Letter of Bank of Russia from 1995-05-25 # http://www.bestpravo.ru/rossijskoje/lj-akty/y3a.htm # suggests that Altai Republic transitioned to Moscow+3 on # 1995-05-28. # # http://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html # has some historical data for Altai Krai: # before 1957: west part on UTC+6, east on UTC+7 # after 1957: UTC+7 # since 1995: UTC+6 # http://barnaul.rusplt.ru/index/pochemu_altajskij_kraj_okazalsja_v_neprivychnom_chasovom_pojase-17648.html # confirms that and provides more details including 1995-05-28 transition date. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17): # Altai Krai and Altai Republic on their way to change time zones # by March 27, 2016 at 2am.... # Altai Republic / Gorno-Altaysk MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) ... # Altai Krai / Barnaul MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) # 935532-6 ... 944348-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill # in the first reading. Zone Asia/Barnaul 5:35:00 - LMT 1919 Dec 10 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1995 May 28 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2529 3 a2595 6 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-02): # [The] time zone in the Trans-Baikal Territory (Zabaykalsky Krai) - # Asia/Chita [is changing] from UTC+8 to UTC+9. Effective date will # be March 27, 2016 at 2:00am.... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/000120151230010 d2602 1 a2602 2 8:00 - IRKT 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - YAKT a2703 5 # From Matt Johnson (2016-02-22): # Asia/Sakhalin is moving (in entirety) from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=888645-6 # Appears to have been approved in both first and second readings d2713 1 a2713 2 10:00 - SAKT 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - SAKT a3152 11 # From Fatih (2015-09-29): # It's officially announced now by the Ministry of Energy. # Turkey delays winter time to 8th of November 04:00 # http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-8-kasimda-sona-erecek/362217 # # From BBC News (2015-10-25): # Confused Turks are asking "what's the time?" after automatic clocks defied a # government decision ... "For the next two weeks #Turkey is on EEST... Erdogan # Engineered Standard Time," said Twitter user @@aysekarahasan. # http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34631326 a3221 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2015 Oct 25 1:00u 2:00 1:00 EEST 2015 Nov 8 1:00u @ 1.1.1.1.4.5.2.1 log @Sync with netbsd-5 @ text @d78 2 a79 1 # 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow a585 5 # Daylight saving time for Russia and the Soviet Union # # The 1917-1921 decree URLs are from Alexander Belopolsky (2016-08-23). a587 2 # # Decree No. 142 (1917-12-22) http://istmat.info/node/28137 a588 2 # # Decree No. 497 (1918-05-30) http://istmat.info/node/30001 a590 2 # # Decree No. 258 (1919-05-29) http://istmat.info/node/37949 d592 1 a592 2 # Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 0:00u 1:00 MSD a593 2 # # Decree No. 63 (1921-02-03) http://istmat.info/node/45840 d595 1 a595 4 # # Decree No. 121 (1921-03-07) http://istmat.info/node/45949 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 +05 # d603 2 a604 2 Rule Russia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S d606 4 a612 28 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Wikipedia and other sources refer to the Act of the Council of # Ministers of the USSR from 1988-01-04 No. 5 and the Act of the # Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1989-03-14 No. 227. # # I did not find full texts of these acts. For the 1989 one we have # title at http://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : # "About change in calculation of time on the territories of # Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR, Astrakhan, # Kaliningrad, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk and Uralsk oblasts". # And http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt appears to # contain quotes from both acts: Since last Sunday of March 1988 rules # of the second time belt are installed in Volgograd and Saratov # oblasts. Since last Sunday of March 1989: # a) Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, Estonian SSR, Kaliningrad oblast: # second time belt rules without extra hour (Moscow-1); # b) Astrakhan, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk oblasts: second time belt # rules (Moscow time) # c) Uralsk oblast: third time belt rules (Moscow+1). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): # Unamended version of the act of the # Government of the Russian Federation No. 23 from 08.01.1992 # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102014034&rdk=0 # says that every year clocks were to be moved forward on last Sunday # of March at 2 hours and moved backwards on last Sunday of September # at 3 hours. It was amended in 1996 to replace September with October. a733 8 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-02): # http://www.lawbelarus.com/repub/sub30/texf9611.htm # (Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus from # 1992-03-25 No. 157) ... says clocks were to be moved forward at 2:00 # on last Sunday of March and backward at 3:00 on last Sunday of September # (the same as previous USSR and contemporary Russian regulations). # d746 2 d757 3 d761 2 a762 1 3:00 - +03 d862 1 a862 1 # Czech Republic / Czechia a1038 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # d1266 1 a1266 1 # this was equivalent to UT +03, not +04. d1457 62 a1518 73 # From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10 # ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into # force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in # the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin...." # # From Pierpaolo Bernardi (2016-10-20): # The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological # institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at # http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml # (2016-10-24): # http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/ # has still different data for 1944. It divides Italy in two, as # there were effectively two governments at the time, north of Gothic # Line German controlled territory, official government RSI, and south # of the Gothic Line, controlled by allied armies. # # From Brian Inglis (2016-10-23): # Viceregal LEGISLATIVE DECREE. 14 September 1944, no. 219. # Restoration of Standard Time. (044U0219) (OJ 62 of 30.9.1944) ... # Given the R. law decreed on 1944-03-29, no. 92, by which standard time is # advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ... # Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed. # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27): # Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944 # for the Kingdom of Italy. This is consistent with Renzo Baldini. # Model Rome's occupation by using using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 # to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it # was effectively controlled by Germany. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 1917 - Sep 30 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Mar 31 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 9 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Oct 6 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 1 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1919 only - Oct 4 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1944 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 only - Sep 24 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1967 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - d1521 3 a1523 3 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1943 Sep 10 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jun 4 a1631 3 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d1671 2 a1672 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s a1718 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-21): # Assume 1900-1972 was like Rome, overriding Shanks. # d1729 2 d1862 1 a1862 1 # http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2227 1 a2282 15 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # http://www.rgo.ru/ru/kaliningradskoe-oblastnoe-otdelenie/ob-otdelenii/publikacii/kak-nam-zhilos-bez-letnego-vremeni # confirms that the 1989 change to Moscow-1 was implemented. # (The article, though, is misattributed to 1990 while saying that # summer->winter transition would be done on the 24 of September. But # 1990-09-24 was Monday, while 1989-09-24 was Sunday as expected.) # ... # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad switched to Moscow-1 on 1989-03-26, avoided # at the last moment switch to Moscow-1 on 1991-03-31, switched to # Moscow on 1991-11-03, switched to Moscow-1 on 1992-01-19. d2286 1 a2286 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s d2288 1 a2288 1 3:00 - +03 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2292 1 a2292 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21), per Tim Parenti (2014-07-03) and # Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): d2335 1 a2340 91 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): # The Soviets switched to UT-based time in 1919. Decree No. 59 # (1919-02-08) http://istmat.info/node/35567 established UT-based time # zones, and Decree No. 147 (1919-03-29) http://istmat.info/node/35854 # specified a transition date of 1919-07-01, apparently at 00:00 UT. # No doubt only the Soviet-controlled regions switched on that date; # later transitions to UT-based time in other parts of Russia are # taken from what appear to be guesses by Shanks. # (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky for pointers to the decrees.) # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # 11. Regions-violators, 1981-1982. # Wikipedia refers to # http://maps.monetonos.ru/maps/raznoe/Old_Maps/Old_Maps/Articles/022/3_1981.html # http://besp.narod.ru/nauka_1981_3.htm # # The second link provides two articles scanned from the Nauka i Zhizn # magazine No. 3, 1981 and a scan of the short article attributed to # the Trud newspaper from February 1982. The first link provides the # same Nauka i Zhizn articles converted to the text form (but misses # time belt changes map). # # The second Nauka i Zhizn article says that in addition to # introduction of summer time on 1981-04-01 there are some time belt # border changes on 1981-10-01, mostly affecting Nenets Autonomous # Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Yakutia, Magadan Oblast and Chukotka # according to the provided map (colored one). In addition to that # "time violators" (regions which were not using rules of the time # belts in which they were located) would not be moving off the DST on # 1981-10-01 to restore the decree time usage. (Komi ASSR was # supposed to repeat that move in October 1982 to account for the 2 # hour difference.) Map depicting "time violators" before 1981-10-01 # is also provided. # # The article from Trud says that 1981-10-01 changes caused problems # and some territories would be moved to pre-1981-10-01 time by not # moving to summer time on 1982-04-01. Namely: Dagestan, # Kabardino-Balkar, Kalmyk, Komi, Mari, Mordovian, North Ossetian, # Tatar, Chechen-Ingush and Chuvash ASSR, Krasnodar and Stavropol # krais, Arkhangelsk, Vladimir, Vologda, Voronezh, Gorky, Ivanovo, # Kostroma, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov, Ryazan, Tambov, Tyumen and # Yaroslavl oblasts, Nenets and Evenk autonomous okrugs, Khatangsky # district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. As a result Evenk Autonomous # Okrug and Khatangsky district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug would end # up on Moscow+4, Tyumen Oblast on Moscow+2 and the rest on Moscow # time. # # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # attributes the 1982 changes to the Act of the Council of Ministers # of the USSR No. 126 from 18.02.1982. 1980-925.txt also adds # Udmurtia to the list of affected territories and lists Khatangsky # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. Probably erroneously. # # The affected territories are currently listed under Europe/Moscow, # Asia/Yekaterinburg and Asia/Krasnoyarsk. # # 12. Udmurtia # The fact that Udmurtia is depicted as a violator in the Nauka i # Zhizn article hints at Izhevsk being on different time from # Kuybyshev before 1981-10-01. Udmurtia is not mentioned in the 1989 act. # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # implies Udmurtia was on Moscow time after 1982-04-01. # Wikipedia implies Udmurtia being on Moscow+1 until 1991. # # ... # # All Russian zones are supposed to have by default a -1 change at # 1991-03-31 2:00 (cancellation of the decree time in the USSR) and a +1 # change at 1992-01-19 2:00 (restoration of the decree time in Russia). # # There were some exceptions, though. # Wikipedia says newspapers listed Astrakhan, Saratov, Kirov, Volgograd, # Izhevsk, Grozny, Kazan and Samara as such exceptions for the 1992 # change. (Different newspapers providing different lists. And some # lists found in the internet are quite wild.) # # And apparently some exceptions were reverted in the last moment. # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad decided not to be an exception 2 days before the # 1991-03-31 switch and one person at # http://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html # says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception # 2 days before the switch. # # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Given the above, we appear to be missing some Zone entries for the # chaotic early 1980s in Russia. It's not clear what these entries # should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the # time in Moscow. d2361 1 a2361 1 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2414 2 a2415 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Astrakhan covers: a2416 2 # # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d2421 1 a2422 2 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201602150056 d2434 3 a2436 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Volgograd covers: d2438 1 a2438 14 # The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04). Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Saratov covers: d2441 3 a2443 6 # From Yuri Konotopov (2016-11-11): # Dec 4, 2016 02:00 UTC+3.... Saratov Region's local time will be ... UTC+4. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-11): # ... Byalokoz listed Saratov on 03:04:18. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-22): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611220031 d2445 10 a2454 9 Zone Europe/Saratov 3:04:18 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - +04 a2455 13 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Kirov covers: # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 a2461 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): a2462 1 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d2464 10 a2473 10 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - +03 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia +04/+05 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2475 1 a2475 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): a2478 2 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). a2482 2 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051 d2484 1 a2484 1 Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2516 6 a2521 6 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - +05 d2531 6 a2536 6 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 a2541 1 d2563 2 a2564 3 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090043 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090038 a2567 2 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s d2574 2 a2575 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Novosibirsk covers: d2577 1 d2579 2 a2580 6 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-05-30): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=1085784-6 # moves Novosibirsk oblast from UTC+6 to UTC+7. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-04): # The law was signed yesterday and published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201607040064 d2583 7 a2589 60 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - +07 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Tomsk covers: # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-24): # Byalokoz listed Tomsk at 5:39:51. # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-19): # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102075743 # (fifth time belt being UTC+5+1(decree time) # / UTC+5+1(decree time)+1(summer time)) ... # Note that time belts (numbered from 2 (Moscow) to 12 according to their # GMT/UTC offset and having too many exceptions like regions formally # belonging to one belt but using time from another) were replaced # with time zones in 2011 with different numbering (there was a # 2-hour gap between second and third zones in 2011-2014). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-04-12): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=1006865-6 # This bill was approved in the first reading today. It moves Tomsk oblast # from UTC+6 to UTC+7 and is supposed to come into effect on 2016-05-29 at # 2:00. The bill needs to be approved in the second and the third readings by # the State Duma, approved by the Federation Council, signed by the President # and published to become a law. Minor changes in the text are to be expected # before the second reading (references need to be updated to account for the # recent changes). # # Judging by the ultra-short one-day amendments period, recent similar laws, # the State Duma schedule and the Federation Council schedule # http://www.duma.gov.ru/legislative/planning/day-shedule/por_vesna_2016/ # http://council.gov.ru/activity/meetings/schedule/63303 # I speculate that the final text of the bill will be proposed tomorrow, the # bill will be approved in the second and the third readings on Friday, # approved by the Federation Council on 2016-04-20, signed by the President and # published as a law around 2016-04-26. # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-26): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604260048 Zone Asia/Tomsk 5:39:51 - LMT 1919 Dec 22 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2620 8 a2627 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2641 6 a2646 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2663 6 a2668 6 7:00 - +07 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - +09 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 d2682 1 a2682 1 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107 d2685 7 a2691 7 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - +09 d2731 6 a2736 6 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2754 6 a2759 6 9:00 - +09 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d2777 8 a2784 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2004 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2795 2 a2796 2 # (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090044 d2800 9 a2808 8 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 a2821 8 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-03-27): # ... draft bill 948300-6 to change its time zone from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # will take ... effect ... on April 24, 2016 at 2 o'clock # # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-05): # ... signed by the President today ... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604050038 d2823 6 a2828 7 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d2871 3 d2876 6 a2881 6 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d2899 8 a2906 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d2919 6 a2924 6 11:00 - +11 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d2932 7 a2938 7 12:00 - +12 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia +13/+14 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d3197 16 a3212 18 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2016-09-25): # 1) For 1986-2006, DST started at 01:00 local and ended at 02:00 local, with # no exceptions. # 2) 1994's lastSun was overridden with Mar 20 ... # Here are official papers: # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf - page 2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf - page 4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf - page 15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf - page 6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf - page 1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf - page 15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf - page 1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf - page 1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf - page 10 for 1998 - 2000 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25): # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1985. a3258 8 # From Burak AYDIN (2016-09-08): # Turkey will stay in Daylight Saving Time even in winter.... # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/09/20160908-2.pdf # # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-07): # The change is permanent, so this is the new standard time in Turkey. # It takes effect today, which is not much notice. d3313 4 a3316 4 Rule Turkey 1986 1993 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1994 only - Mar 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1995 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S d3322 1 a3322 1 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1985 Apr 20 d3330 1 a3330 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - +03 @ 1.1.1.1.4.5.2.2 log @Sync with netbsd-7-1-RELEASE @ text @d9 1 a9 1 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): d16 2 a17 2 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source # for time zone data was the International Air Transport d59 1 d62 17 a78 15 # the rest are variants of the "xMT" pattern for a city's mean time, # or are from other sources. Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT* NST* Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937) # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899) # 1:36:34 RMT* LST* Riga, Latvian Summer (1880-1926)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 MSK MSD MDST* Moscow d478 1 a478 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT d1067 2 a1068 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996 d1071 3 a1073 3 -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU -01/+00 d1075 2 a1076 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 d1491 1 a1491 1 -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1955 1 a1955 1 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 a2171 1 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2174 3 a2176 11 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Apr 3 2:00 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s d2178 1 a2178 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2181 1 a2181 9 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Apr 3 2:00 d2539 4 a2542 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06): # Europe/Simferopol covers Crimea. d3235 32 a3266 58 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-14): # # The source for Europe/Madrid before 2013 is: # Planesas P. La hora oficial en España y sus cambios. # Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid (2013, in Spanish). # http://astronomia.ign.es/rknowsys-theme/images/webAstro/paginas/documentos/Anuario/lahoraoficialenespana.pdf # As this source says that historical time in the Canaries is obscure, # and it does not discuss Ceuta, stick with Shanks for now for that data. # # In the 1918 and 1919 fallback transitions in Spain, the clock for # the hour-longer day officially kept going after midnight, so that # the repeated instances of that day's 00:00 hour were 24 hours apart, # with a fallback transition from the second occurrence of 00:59... to # the next day's 00:00. Our data format cannot represent this # directly, and instead repeats the first hour of the next day, with a # fallback transition from the next day's 00:59... to 00:00. # From Michael Deckers (2016-12-15): # The Royal Decree of 1900-06-26 quoted by Planesas, online at # https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1900/209/A00383-00384.pdf # says in its article 5 (my translation): # These dispositions will enter into force beginning with the # instant at which, according to the time indicated in article 1, # the 1st day of January of 1901 will begin. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1918 1919 - Oct 6 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 6 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Republican Spain during the civil war; it controlled Madrid until 1939-03-28. Rule Spain 1937 only - Jun 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 only - Oct 2 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 30 23:00 2:00 M Rule Spain 1938 only - Oct 2 24:00 1:00 S # The following rules are for unified Spain again. # # Planesas does not say what happened in Madrid between its fall on # 1939-03-28 and the Nationalist spring-forward transition on # 1939-04-15. For lack of better info, assume Madrid's clocks did not # change during that period. # # The first rule is commented out, as it is redundant for Republican Spain. #Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Oct 7 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1944 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - d3268 2 a3269 2 Rule Spain 1949 only - Oct 2 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=12 23:00 1:00 S d3273 2 a3274 7 Rule Spain 1977 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - # Nationalist Spain during the civil war #Rule NatSpain 1937 only - May 22 23:00 1:00 S #Rule NatSpain 1937 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - #Rule NatSpain 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00 1:00 S d3286 2 a3287 2 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:45:16 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00 d3290 1 a3290 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:38:44 d3299 1 a3299 1 -1:00 - -01 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3712 1 a3712 1 2:20 - +0220 1924 May 2 @ 1.1.1.1.4.6 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #1324): distrib/sets/lists/base/mi: 1.1125, 1.1128, 1.1132, 1.1137, 1.1139, 1.1140 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/LICENSE: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory: up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/share/zoneinfo/Makefile: up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/tzdata2netbsd: up to 1.11 Update tzdata to 2016j. @ text @d78 2 a79 1 # 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow a585 5 # Daylight saving time for Russia and the Soviet Union # # The 1917-1921 decree URLs are from Alexander Belopolsky (2016-08-23). a587 2 # # Decree No. 142 (1917-12-22) http://istmat.info/node/28137 a588 2 # # Decree No. 497 (1918-05-30) http://istmat.info/node/30001 a590 2 # # Decree No. 258 (1919-05-29) http://istmat.info/node/37949 d592 1 a592 2 # Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 0:00u 1:00 MSD a593 2 # # Decree No. 63 (1921-02-03) http://istmat.info/node/45840 d595 1 a595 4 # # Decree No. 121 (1921-03-07) http://istmat.info/node/45949 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 +05 # d603 2 a604 2 Rule Russia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S d606 4 a612 28 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Wikipedia and other sources refer to the Act of the Council of # Ministers of the USSR from 1988-01-04 No. 5 and the Act of the # Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1989-03-14 No. 227. # # I did not find full texts of these acts. For the 1989 one we have # title at http://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : # "About change in calculation of time on the territories of # Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR, Astrakhan, # Kaliningrad, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk and Uralsk oblasts". # And http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt appears to # contain quotes from both acts: Since last Sunday of March 1988 rules # of the second time belt are installed in Volgograd and Saratov # oblasts. Since last Sunday of March 1989: # a) Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, Estonian SSR, Kaliningrad oblast: # second time belt rules without extra hour (Moscow-1); # b) Astrakhan, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk oblasts: second time belt # rules (Moscow time) # c) Uralsk oblast: third time belt rules (Moscow+1). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): # Unamended version of the act of the # Government of the Russian Federation No. 23 from 08.01.1992 # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102014034&rdk=0 # says that every year clocks were to be moved forward on last Sunday # of March at 2 hours and moved backwards on last Sunday of September # at 3 hours. It was amended in 1996 to replace September with October. a733 8 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-02): # http://www.lawbelarus.com/repub/sub30/texf9611.htm # (Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus from # 1992-03-25 No. 157) ... says clocks were to be moved forward at 2:00 # on last Sunday of March and backward at 3:00 on last Sunday of September # (the same as previous USSR and contemporary Russian regulations). # d746 2 d757 3 d761 2 a762 1 3:00 - +03 d862 1 a862 1 # Czech Republic / Czechia a1038 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # d1266 1 a1266 1 # this was equivalent to UT +03, not +04. d1457 62 a1518 73 # From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10 # ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into # force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in # the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin...." # # From Pierpaolo Bernardi (2016-10-20): # The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological # institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at # http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml # (2016-10-24): # http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/ # has still different data for 1944. It divides Italy in two, as # there were effectively two governments at the time, north of Gothic # Line German controlled territory, official government RSI, and south # of the Gothic Line, controlled by allied armies. # # From Brian Inglis (2016-10-23): # Viceregal LEGISLATIVE DECREE. 14 September 1944, no. 219. # Restoration of Standard Time. (044U0219) (OJ 62 of 30.9.1944) ... # Given the R. law decreed on 1944-03-29, no. 92, by which standard time is # advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ... # Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed. # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27): # Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944 # for the Kingdom of Italy. This is consistent with Renzo Baldini. # Model Rome's occupation by using using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 # to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it # was effectively controlled by Germany. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 1917 - Sep 30 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Mar 31 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 9 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Oct 6 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 1 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1919 only - Oct 4 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1944 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 only - Sep 24 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1967 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - d1521 3 a1523 3 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1943 Sep 10 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jun 4 a1631 3 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d1671 2 a1672 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s a1718 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-21): # Assume 1900-1972 was like Rome, overriding Shanks. # d1729 2 d1862 1 a1862 1 # http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2227 1 a2282 15 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # http://www.rgo.ru/ru/kaliningradskoe-oblastnoe-otdelenie/ob-otdelenii/publikacii/kak-nam-zhilos-bez-letnego-vremeni # confirms that the 1989 change to Moscow-1 was implemented. # (The article, though, is misattributed to 1990 while saying that # summer->winter transition would be done on the 24 of September. But # 1990-09-24 was Monday, while 1989-09-24 was Sunday as expected.) # ... # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad switched to Moscow-1 on 1989-03-26, avoided # at the last moment switch to Moscow-1 on 1991-03-31, switched to # Moscow on 1991-11-03, switched to Moscow-1 on 1992-01-19. d2286 1 a2286 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s d2288 1 a2288 1 3:00 - +03 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2292 1 a2292 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21), per Tim Parenti (2014-07-03) and # Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): d2335 1 a2340 91 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): # The Soviets switched to UT-based time in 1919. Decree No. 59 # (1919-02-08) http://istmat.info/node/35567 established UT-based time # zones, and Decree No. 147 (1919-03-29) http://istmat.info/node/35854 # specified a transition date of 1919-07-01, apparently at 00:00 UT. # No doubt only the Soviet-controlled regions switched on that date; # later transitions to UT-based time in other parts of Russia are # taken from what appear to be guesses by Shanks. # (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky for pointers to the decrees.) # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # 11. Regions-violators, 1981-1982. # Wikipedia refers to # http://maps.monetonos.ru/maps/raznoe/Old_Maps/Old_Maps/Articles/022/3_1981.html # http://besp.narod.ru/nauka_1981_3.htm # # The second link provides two articles scanned from the Nauka i Zhizn # magazine No. 3, 1981 and a scan of the short article attributed to # the Trud newspaper from February 1982. The first link provides the # same Nauka i Zhizn articles converted to the text form (but misses # time belt changes map). # # The second Nauka i Zhizn article says that in addition to # introduction of summer time on 1981-04-01 there are some time belt # border changes on 1981-10-01, mostly affecting Nenets Autonomous # Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Yakutia, Magadan Oblast and Chukotka # according to the provided map (colored one). In addition to that # "time violators" (regions which were not using rules of the time # belts in which they were located) would not be moving off the DST on # 1981-10-01 to restore the decree time usage. (Komi ASSR was # supposed to repeat that move in October 1982 to account for the 2 # hour difference.) Map depicting "time violators" before 1981-10-01 # is also provided. # # The article from Trud says that 1981-10-01 changes caused problems # and some territories would be moved to pre-1981-10-01 time by not # moving to summer time on 1982-04-01. Namely: Dagestan, # Kabardino-Balkar, Kalmyk, Komi, Mari, Mordovian, North Ossetian, # Tatar, Chechen-Ingush and Chuvash ASSR, Krasnodar and Stavropol # krais, Arkhangelsk, Vladimir, Vologda, Voronezh, Gorky, Ivanovo, # Kostroma, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov, Ryazan, Tambov, Tyumen and # Yaroslavl oblasts, Nenets and Evenk autonomous okrugs, Khatangsky # district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. As a result Evenk Autonomous # Okrug and Khatangsky district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug would end # up on Moscow+4, Tyumen Oblast on Moscow+2 and the rest on Moscow # time. # # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # attributes the 1982 changes to the Act of the Council of Ministers # of the USSR No. 126 from 18.02.1982. 1980-925.txt also adds # Udmurtia to the list of affected territories and lists Khatangsky # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. Probably erroneously. # # The affected territories are currently listed under Europe/Moscow, # Asia/Yekaterinburg and Asia/Krasnoyarsk. # # 12. Udmurtia # The fact that Udmurtia is depicted as a violator in the Nauka i # Zhizn article hints at Izhevsk being on different time from # Kuybyshev before 1981-10-01. Udmurtia is not mentioned in the 1989 act. # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # implies Udmurtia was on Moscow time after 1982-04-01. # Wikipedia implies Udmurtia being on Moscow+1 until 1991. # # ... # # All Russian zones are supposed to have by default a -1 change at # 1991-03-31 2:00 (cancellation of the decree time in the USSR) and a +1 # change at 1992-01-19 2:00 (restoration of the decree time in Russia). # # There were some exceptions, though. # Wikipedia says newspapers listed Astrakhan, Saratov, Kirov, Volgograd, # Izhevsk, Grozny, Kazan and Samara as such exceptions for the 1992 # change. (Different newspapers providing different lists. And some # lists found in the internet are quite wild.) # # And apparently some exceptions were reverted in the last moment. # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad decided not to be an exception 2 days before the # 1991-03-31 switch and one person at # http://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html # says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception # 2 days before the switch. # # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Given the above, we appear to be missing some Zone entries for the # chaotic early 1980s in Russia. It's not clear what these entries # should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the # time in Moscow. d2361 1 a2361 1 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2414 2 a2415 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Astrakhan covers: a2416 2 # # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d2421 1 a2422 2 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201602150056 d2434 3 a2436 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Volgograd covers: d2438 1 a2438 14 # The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04). Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Saratov covers: d2441 3 a2443 6 # From Yuri Konotopov (2016-11-11): # Dec 4, 2016 02:00 UTC+3.... Saratov Region's local time will be ... UTC+4. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-11): # ... Byalokoz listed Saratov on 03:04:18. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-22): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611220031 d2445 10 a2454 9 Zone Europe/Saratov 3:04:18 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - +04 a2455 13 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Kirov covers: # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 a2461 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): a2462 1 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d2464 10 a2473 10 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - +03 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia +04/+05 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2475 1 a2475 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): a2478 2 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). a2482 2 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051 d2484 1 a2484 1 Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2516 6 a2521 6 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - +05 d2531 6 a2536 6 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 a2541 1 d2563 2 a2564 3 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090043 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090038 a2567 2 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s d2574 2 a2575 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Novosibirsk covers: d2577 1 d2579 2 a2580 6 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-05-30): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=1085784-6 # moves Novosibirsk oblast from UTC+6 to UTC+7. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-04): # The law was signed yesterday and published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201607040064 d2583 7 a2589 60 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - +07 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Tomsk covers: # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-24): # Byalokoz listed Tomsk at 5:39:51. # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-19): # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102075743 # (fifth time belt being UTC+5+1(decree time) # / UTC+5+1(decree time)+1(summer time)) ... # Note that time belts (numbered from 2 (Moscow) to 12 according to their # GMT/UTC offset and having too many exceptions like regions formally # belonging to one belt but using time from another) were replaced # with time zones in 2011 with different numbering (there was a # 2-hour gap between second and third zones in 2011-2014). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-04-12): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=1006865-6 # This bill was approved in the first reading today. It moves Tomsk oblast # from UTC+6 to UTC+7 and is supposed to come into effect on 2016-05-29 at # 2:00. The bill needs to be approved in the second and the third readings by # the State Duma, approved by the Federation Council, signed by the President # and published to become a law. Minor changes in the text are to be expected # before the second reading (references need to be updated to account for the # recent changes). # # Judging by the ultra-short one-day amendments period, recent similar laws, # the State Duma schedule and the Federation Council schedule # http://www.duma.gov.ru/legislative/planning/day-shedule/por_vesna_2016/ # http://council.gov.ru/activity/meetings/schedule/63303 # I speculate that the final text of the bill will be proposed tomorrow, the # bill will be approved in the second and the third readings on Friday, # approved by the Federation Council on 2016-04-20, signed by the President and # published as a law around 2016-04-26. # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-26): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604260048 Zone Asia/Tomsk 5:39:51 - LMT 1919 Dec 22 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2620 8 a2627 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2641 6 a2646 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2663 6 a2668 6 7:00 - +07 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - +09 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 d2682 1 a2682 1 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107 d2685 7 a2691 7 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - +09 d2731 6 a2736 6 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2754 6 a2759 6 9:00 - +09 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d2777 8 a2784 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2004 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2795 2 a2796 2 # (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090044 d2800 9 a2808 8 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 a2821 8 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-03-27): # ... draft bill 948300-6 to change its time zone from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # will take ... effect ... on April 24, 2016 at 2 o'clock # # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-05): # ... signed by the President today ... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604050038 d2823 6 a2828 7 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d2871 3 d2876 6 a2881 6 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d2899 8 a2906 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d2919 6 a2924 6 11:00 - +11 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d2932 7 a2938 7 12:00 - +12 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia +13/+14 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d3197 16 a3212 18 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2016-09-25): # 1) For 1986-2006, DST started at 01:00 local and ended at 02:00 local, with # no exceptions. # 2) 1994's lastSun was overridden with Mar 20 ... # Here are official papers: # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf - page 2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf - page 4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf - page 15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf - page 6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf - page 1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf - page 15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf - page 1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf - page 1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf - page 10 for 1998 - 2000 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25): # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1985. a3258 8 # From Burak AYDIN (2016-09-08): # Turkey will stay in Daylight Saving Time even in winter.... # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/09/20160908-2.pdf # # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-07): # The change is permanent, so this is the new standard time in Turkey. # It takes effect today, which is not much notice. d3313 4 a3316 4 Rule Turkey 1986 1993 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1994 only - Mar 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1995 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S d3322 1 a3322 1 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1985 Apr 20 d3330 1 a3330 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - +03 @ 1.1.1.1.4.7 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #1374): doc/3RDPARTY: 1.1420 via patch distrib/sets/lists/base/mi: 1.1155 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.13 Update to tzdata2017a. @ text @d9 1 a9 1 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): d16 2 a17 2 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source # for time zone data was the International Air Transport d59 1 d62 17 a78 15 # the rest are variants of the "xMT" pattern for a city's mean time, # or are from other sources. Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT* NST* Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937) # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899) # 1:36:34 RMT* LST* Riga, Latvian Summer (1880-1926)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 MSK MSD MDST* Moscow d478 1 a478 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT d1067 2 a1068 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996 d1071 3 a1073 3 -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU -01/+00 d1075 2 a1076 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 d1491 1 a1491 1 -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1955 1 a1955 1 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 a2171 1 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2174 3 a2176 11 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Apr 3 2:00 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s d2178 1 a2178 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2181 1 a2181 9 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Apr 3 2:00 d2539 4 a2542 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06): # Europe/Simferopol covers Crimea. d3235 32 a3266 58 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-14): # # The source for Europe/Madrid before 2013 is: # Planesas P. La hora oficial en España y sus cambios. # Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid (2013, in Spanish). # http://astronomia.ign.es/rknowsys-theme/images/webAstro/paginas/documentos/Anuario/lahoraoficialenespana.pdf # As this source says that historical time in the Canaries is obscure, # and it does not discuss Ceuta, stick with Shanks for now for that data. # # In the 1918 and 1919 fallback transitions in Spain, the clock for # the hour-longer day officially kept going after midnight, so that # the repeated instances of that day's 00:00 hour were 24 hours apart, # with a fallback transition from the second occurrence of 00:59... to # the next day's 00:00. Our data format cannot represent this # directly, and instead repeats the first hour of the next day, with a # fallback transition from the next day's 00:59... to 00:00. # From Michael Deckers (2016-12-15): # The Royal Decree of 1900-06-26 quoted by Planesas, online at # https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1900/209/A00383-00384.pdf # says in its article 5 (my translation): # These dispositions will enter into force beginning with the # instant at which, according to the time indicated in article 1, # the 1st day of January of 1901 will begin. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1918 1919 - Oct 6 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 6 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Republican Spain during the civil war; it controlled Madrid until 1939-03-28. Rule Spain 1937 only - Jun 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 only - Oct 2 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 30 23:00 2:00 M Rule Spain 1938 only - Oct 2 24:00 1:00 S # The following rules are for unified Spain again. # # Planesas does not say what happened in Madrid between its fall on # 1939-03-28 and the Nationalist spring-forward transition on # 1939-04-15. For lack of better info, assume Madrid's clocks did not # change during that period. # # The first rule is commented out, as it is redundant for Republican Spain. #Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Oct 7 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1944 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - d3268 2 a3269 2 Rule Spain 1949 only - Oct 2 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=12 23:00 1:00 S d3273 2 a3274 7 Rule Spain 1977 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - # Nationalist Spain during the civil war #Rule NatSpain 1937 only - May 22 23:00 1:00 S #Rule NatSpain 1937 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - #Rule NatSpain 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00 1:00 S d3286 2 a3287 2 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:45:16 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00 d3290 1 a3290 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:38:44 d3299 1 a3299 1 -1:00 - -01 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3712 1 a3712 1 2:20 - +0220 1924 May 2 @ 1.1.1.1.4.7.2.1 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #1519): distrib/sets/lists/base/mi: 1.1164 doc/3RDPARTY: 1.2326 via patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/LICENSE: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/calendars: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.14 Update tzdata to 2017c. @ text @d40 1 a40 1 # . He writes: d47 1 a47 1 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html d190 1 a190 1 # https://www.winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-114/a-silent-toast-to-william-willett-by-winston-s-churchill d228 2 a229 2 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png d246 1 a246 1 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ d252 1 a252 1 # https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0 d298 1 a298 1 # https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411 a350 6 # Michael Deckers (2017-06-01) gave the following URLs for Ireland's # Summer Time Act, 1925 and Summer Time Orders, 1926 and 1947: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print.html d475 1 a475 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s # Dublin MT d478 5 a482 5 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s d628 1 a628 1 # title at https://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : d659 1 a659 1 # https://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html d786 1 a786 1 # https://news.tut.by/society/250578.html d1107 1 a1107 1 # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) d1159 1 a1159 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf d1172 1 a1172 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf d1302 1 a1302 1 # https://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/ d1527 1 a1527 1 # Model Rome's occupation by using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 d1842 1 a1842 1 # https://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html d1849 1 a1849 1 # https://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara d1921 1 a1921 1 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2002 1 a2002 1 # says that the meteorologists d2040 1 a2040 1 # https://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1 d2074 1 a2074 1 # https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf d2256 1 a2256 1 # https://rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html d2264 1 a2264 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 d2300 1 a2300 1 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will look like this: d2347 1 a2347 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 d2512 1 a2512 1 # https://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html d2584 1 a2584 1 # https://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html d2767 1 a2767 1 # https://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html d3141 2 a3142 2 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 d3463 1 a3463 1 # https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html d3540 1 a3540 1 # https://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 d3542 1 a3542 1 # https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-bir-gun-ileri-alindi-17230464 d3678 1 a3678 1 # https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ @ 1.1.1.1.4.7.2.2 log @external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.16 doc/3RDPARTY 1.1506 (patch) Updated tzdata to 2018d. [kre, ticket #1589] @ text @a70 1 # 1:00 IST GMT Irish Standard (1968-) with winter DST d77 2 a78 2 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), re EEC/EC/EU members: # The original six: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, d119 2 a120 2 # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. d160 1 a160 1 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°. a280 2 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-04): d282 6 a287 2 # Dunsink Observatory (8 km NW of Dublin's center) was to Dublin as # Greenwich was to London. For example: a290 17 # # The abbreviation DMT stood for "Dublin Mean Time" or "Dunsink Mean Time"; # this being Ireland, opinions differed. # # Whitman says Dublin/Dunsink Mean Time was UT-00:25:21, which agrees # with measurements of recent visitors to the Meridian Room of Dunsink # Observatory; see Malone D. Dunsink and timekeeping. 2016-01-24. # . Malone # writes that the Nautical Almanac listed UT-00:25:22 until 1896, when # it moved to UT-00:25:21.1 (I confirmed that the 1893 edition used # the former and the 1896 edition used the latter). Evidently the # news of this change propagated slowly, as Milne 1899 still lists # UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau. As it is # not clear that there was any practical significance to the change # from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this # transition for now and just use the latter value, omitting its # fraction since our format cannot represent fractions. a349 16 # # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-07): # The 1996 anonymous contributor's goal was to determine the correct # abbreviation for summer time in Dublin and so the contributor # focused on the "IST", not on the "Irish Summer Time". Though the # "IST" was correct, the "Irish Summer Time" appears to have been an # error, as Ireland's Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971 states that # standard time in Ireland remains at UT +01 and is observed in # summer, and that Greenwich mean time is observed in winter. (Thanks # to Derick Rethans for pointing out the error.) That is, when # Ireland amended the 1968 act that established UT +01 as Irish # Standard Time, it left standard time unchanged and established GMT # as a negative daylight saving time in winter. So, in this database # IST stands for Irish Summer Time for timestamps before 1968, and for # Irish Standard Time after that. See: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1971/act/17/enacted/en/print d353 3 a355 3 # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print a478 28 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15): # In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the # Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # # To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the # following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps # after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst # flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often # suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE # values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should # not rely on it. # # The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. It is for when # negative SAVE values are used. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S #Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 GMT d481 1 a481 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s a489 3 # The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used. # 1:00 Eire IST/GMT # These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative. a493 1 d498 2 a499 3 # The following rules are for the European Union and for its # predecessor organization, the European Communities. # For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file. d932 1 a932 1 # The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973: d988 3 a990 4 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-10): # Greenland joined the European Communities as part of Denmark, # obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, and left the European Communities # on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU d1304 1 a1304 1 # [See tz-link.html for the URL.] d1401 1 a1401 1 # go with EU rules instead, since Greece joined Jan 1. d1473 1 a1473 1 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - d1476 1 a1476 1 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - d1478 1 a1478 1 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - d1480 1 a1480 1 Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - d1482 1 a1482 1 Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - d1484 1 a1484 1 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d1487 1 a1487 1 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d2077 1 a2077 1 d2082 3 a2084 1 # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett.... a2085 6 # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15): # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...: # These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which, # according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins, # all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ... d2100 1 a2100 1 # harmonized with EU rules), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. d2168 1 a2168 1 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT d2177 1 a2177 1 -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT d2193 1 a2193 1 -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT d2531 1 a2531 1 # Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30").... d2537 1 a2537 1 # coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" > d2775 3 a2777 3 # before 1957: west part on UT+6, east on UT+7 # after 1957: UT+7 # since 1995: UT+6 d3366 1 a3366 1 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30" d3470 1 a3470 1 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50". a3584 11 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2017-10-28): # Turkey will go back to Daylight Saving Time starting 2018-10. # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/10/20171028-5.pdf # # From Even Scharning (2017-11-08): # ... today it was announced that the DST will become "continuous": # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yaz-saati-uygulamasi-surekli-hale-geldi-40637482 # From Paul Eggert (2017-11-08): # Although Google Translate misfires on that source, it looks like # Turkey reversed last month's decision, and so will stay at +03. @ 1.1.1.1.4.7.2.3 log @Sync external/public-domain/tz/dist to current, requested by kre in ticket #1644: external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/pacificnew up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/systemv up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/yearistype.sh up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl up to 1.1.1.2 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Import tzdata2018f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018f.tar.gz Volgograd moves from +03 to +04 on 2018-10-28. Fiji ends DST 2019-01-13, not 2019-01-20. Most of Chile changes DST dates, effective 2019-04-06. Plus corrections to North Korea's 2018-05-05 and China's April 1988 updates (getting the actual time/date of the transition correct) Corrections for Macau pre 1992, Japan in late 1940's - early 1950's, and China (Shanghai) 1940's. The Phillipines get their timezone name abbreviations back. - Import tzdata2018g from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018g.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018g (2018-10-26 22:22:45 -0700): Morocco switches to permanent +01 on 2018-10-27. @ text @a0 2 # tzdb data for Europe and environs d520 1 a520 1 # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps d531 7 a537 7 Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 - d551 1 a551 1 1:00 Eire IST/GMT d553 3 a555 3 # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST a972 7 # # From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15. # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time; # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT. # d974 2 a975 2 Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - d978 2 a979 1 Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S d984 1 a984 7 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST. # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # End of rearguard section. d2019 1 a2019 1 # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted a2417 27 # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16): # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/ # # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16): # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following: # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов, # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия # единой службы времени, 1956 г. # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby. # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21): # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957. # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example, # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such # exceptions grew considerably. d2428 3 a2697 9 # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20): # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018. # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11): # The law has been published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037 d2706 1 a2706 2 3:00 - +03 2018 Oct 28 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d3395 1 a3395 2 # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978, # except with "S" letters. a3414 1 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk. d3600 1 a3600 1 # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985. a3809 21 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03): # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings. # For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in # English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a # transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of # Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech # "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague" # came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something # in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that # means less disruption for our users. # # Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff, # Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in # Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an # English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker # would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as # "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do: # https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg d3811 3 a3813 1 # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev". @ 1.1.1.1.4.8 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #1519): distrib/sets/lists/base/mi: 1.1164 doc/3RDPARTY: 1.2326 via patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/LICENSE: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/calendars: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.14 Update tzdata to 2017c. @ text @d40 1 a40 1 # . He writes: d47 1 a47 1 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html d190 1 a190 1 # https://www.winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-114/a-silent-toast-to-william-willett-by-winston-s-churchill d228 2 a229 2 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png d246 1 a246 1 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ d252 1 a252 1 # https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0 d298 1 a298 1 # https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411 a350 6 # Michael Deckers (2017-06-01) gave the following URLs for Ireland's # Summer Time Act, 1925 and Summer Time Orders, 1926 and 1947: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print.html d475 1 a475 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s # Dublin MT d478 5 a482 5 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s d628 1 a628 1 # title at https://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : d659 1 a659 1 # https://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html d786 1 a786 1 # https://news.tut.by/society/250578.html d1107 1 a1107 1 # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) d1159 1 a1159 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf d1172 1 a1172 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf d1302 1 a1302 1 # https://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/ d1527 1 a1527 1 # Model Rome's occupation by using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 d1842 1 a1842 1 # https://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html d1849 1 a1849 1 # https://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara d1921 1 a1921 1 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2002 1 a2002 1 # says that the meteorologists d2040 1 a2040 1 # https://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1 d2074 1 a2074 1 # https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf d2256 1 a2256 1 # https://rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html d2264 1 a2264 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 d2300 1 a2300 1 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will look like this: d2347 1 a2347 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 d2512 1 a2512 1 # https://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html d2584 1 a2584 1 # https://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html d2767 1 a2767 1 # https://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html d3141 2 a3142 2 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 d3463 1 a3463 1 # https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html d3540 1 a3540 1 # https://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 d3542 1 a3542 1 # https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-bir-gun-ileri-alindi-17230464 d3678 1 a3678 1 # https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ @ 1.1.1.1.4.9 log @Pull up the following revisions, requested by kre in tickt #1589: external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.16 Update of /cvsroot/src/external/public-domain/tz/dist In directory ivanova.netbsd.org:/tmp/cvs-serv18468 Log Message: Import tzdata2018d from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018d.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018d (2018-03-22 07:05:46 -0700): In 2018, Palestine starts DST on March 24 (today!), not March 31 Casey Station in Antarctica changed from +11 to +08 on 2018-03-11 at 04:00. Various adjustments to some historical conversions (several for Uruguay (1920 .. 1990), one fpr Enderbury and Kiritimati (1994/5), one for Portugal and colonies (1912) and Jamaica and Turks & Caicos (pre 1913)). @ text @a70 1 # 1:00 IST GMT Irish Standard (1968-) with winter DST d77 2 a78 2 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), re EEC/EC/EU members: # The original six: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, d119 2 a120 2 # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. d160 1 a160 1 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°. a280 2 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-04): d282 6 a287 2 # Dunsink Observatory (8 km NW of Dublin's center) was to Dublin as # Greenwich was to London. For example: a290 17 # # The abbreviation DMT stood for "Dublin Mean Time" or "Dunsink Mean Time"; # this being Ireland, opinions differed. # # Whitman says Dublin/Dunsink Mean Time was UT-00:25:21, which agrees # with measurements of recent visitors to the Meridian Room of Dunsink # Observatory; see Malone D. Dunsink and timekeeping. 2016-01-24. # . Malone # writes that the Nautical Almanac listed UT-00:25:22 until 1896, when # it moved to UT-00:25:21.1 (I confirmed that the 1893 edition used # the former and the 1896 edition used the latter). Evidently the # news of this change propagated slowly, as Milne 1899 still lists # UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau. As it is # not clear that there was any practical significance to the change # from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this # transition for now and just use the latter value, omitting its # fraction since our format cannot represent fractions. a349 16 # # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-07): # The 1996 anonymous contributor's goal was to determine the correct # abbreviation for summer time in Dublin and so the contributor # focused on the "IST", not on the "Irish Summer Time". Though the # "IST" was correct, the "Irish Summer Time" appears to have been an # error, as Ireland's Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971 states that # standard time in Ireland remains at UT +01 and is observed in # summer, and that Greenwich mean time is observed in winter. (Thanks # to Derick Rethans for pointing out the error.) That is, when # Ireland amended the 1968 act that established UT +01 as Irish # Standard Time, it left standard time unchanged and established GMT # as a negative daylight saving time in winter. So, in this database # IST stands for Irish Summer Time for timestamps before 1968, and for # Irish Standard Time after that. See: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1971/act/17/enacted/en/print d353 3 a355 3 # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print a478 28 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15): # In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the # Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # # To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the # following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps # after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst # flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often # suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE # values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should # not rely on it. # # The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. It is for when # negative SAVE values are used. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S #Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 GMT d481 1 a481 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s a489 3 # The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used. # 1:00 Eire IST/GMT # These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative. a493 1 d498 2 a499 3 # The following rules are for the European Union and for its # predecessor organization, the European Communities. # For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file. d932 1 a932 1 # The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973: d988 3 a990 4 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-10): # Greenland joined the European Communities as part of Denmark, # obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, and left the European Communities # on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU d1304 1 a1304 1 # [See tz-link.html for the URL.] d1401 1 a1401 1 # go with EU rules instead, since Greece joined Jan 1. d1473 1 a1473 1 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - d1476 1 a1476 1 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - d1478 1 a1478 1 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - d1480 1 a1480 1 Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - d1482 1 a1482 1 Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - d1484 1 a1484 1 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d1487 1 a1487 1 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d2077 1 a2077 1 d2082 3 a2084 1 # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett.... a2085 6 # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15): # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...: # These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which, # according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins, # all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ... d2100 1 a2100 1 # harmonized with EU rules), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. d2168 1 a2168 1 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT d2177 1 a2177 1 -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT d2193 1 a2193 1 -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT d2531 1 a2531 1 # Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30").... d2537 1 a2537 1 # coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" > d2775 3 a2777 3 # before 1957: west part on UT+6, east on UT+7 # after 1957: UT+7 # since 1995: UT+6 d3366 1 a3366 1 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30" d3470 1 a3470 1 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50". a3584 11 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2017-10-28): # Turkey will go back to Daylight Saving Time starting 2018-10. # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/10/20171028-5.pdf # # From Even Scharning (2017-11-08): # ... today it was announced that the DST will become "continuous": # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yaz-saati-uygulamasi-surekli-hale-geldi-40637482 # From Paul Eggert (2017-11-08): # Although Google Translate misfires on that source, it looks like # Turkey reversed last month's decision, and so will stay at +03. @ 1.1.1.1.4.10 log @Catch up to current for the following, requested by kre in ticket #1634: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.2 doc/3RDPARTY 1.1520 (patch) Import tzdata2018e from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018e.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018e (2018-05-01 23:42:51 -0700): News for the tz database Release 2018e - 2018-05-01 23:42:51 -0700 North Korea switches back to +09 on 2018-05-05 (tomorrow!) @ text @d531 7 a537 7 Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 - d551 1 a551 1 1:00 Eire IST/GMT d553 3 a555 3 # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST a972 7 # # From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15. # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time; # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT. # d974 2 a975 2 Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - d978 2 a979 1 Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S d984 1 a984 7 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST. # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # End of rearguard section. d2019 1 a2019 1 # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted @ 1.1.1.1.4.11 log @Sync external/public-domain/tz/dist to current, requested by kre in ticket #1644: external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/pacificnew up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/systemv up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/yearistype.sh up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl up to 1.1.1.2 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Import tzdata2018f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018f.tar.gz Volgograd moves from +03 to +04 on 2018-10-28. Fiji ends DST 2019-01-13, not 2019-01-20. Most of Chile changes DST dates, effective 2019-04-06. Plus corrections to North Korea's 2018-05-05 and China's April 1988 updates (getting the actual time/date of the transition correct) Corrections for Macau pre 1992, Japan in late 1940's - early 1950's, and China (Shanghai) 1940's. The Phillipines get their timezone name abbreviations back. - Import tzdata2018g from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018g.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018g (2018-10-26 22:22:45 -0700): Morocco switches to permanent +01 on 2018-10-27. @ text @a0 2 # tzdb data for Europe and environs d520 1 a520 1 # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps a2429 27 # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16): # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/ # # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16): # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following: # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов, # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия # единой службы времени, 1956 г. # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby. # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21): # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957. # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example, # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such # exceptions grew considerably. d2440 3 a2709 9 # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20): # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018. # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11): # The law has been published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037 d2718 1 a2718 2 3:00 - +03 2018 Oct 28 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d3407 1 a3407 2 # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978, # except with "S" letters. a3426 1 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk. d3612 1 a3612 1 # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985. a3821 21 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03): # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings. # For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in # English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a # transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of # Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech # "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague" # came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something # in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that # means less disruption for our users. # # Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff, # Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in # Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an # English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker # would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as # "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do: # https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg d3823 3 a3825 1 # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev". @ 1.1.1.2 log @Import tzdata2014g from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2014g.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2014g (2014-08-28 12:31:23 -0700): * Turks & Caicos is switching from US eastern time to UTC-4 year-round, modeled as a switch from EST/EDT to AST on 2014-11-02 at 02:00. * Time in Russia or the USSR before 1926 or so has been corrected by a few seconds for several zones, and a few minutes for Asia/Yekaterinburg. * The Portuguese decree of 1911-05-26 took effect on 1912-01-01, not on the date of the decree. This affects 1911 time stamps in Africa/Bissau, Africa/Luanda, Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira. * Lisbon's pre-1912 GMT offset was -0:36:45 (rounded from -0:36:44.68), not -0:36:32. * Asia/Dhaka ended DST on 2009-12-31 at 24:00, not 23:59. * A new file 'backzone' contains data which may appeal to connoisseurs of old time stamps, although it is out of scope for the tz database, is often poorly sourced, and contains some data that is known to be incorrect. * Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing zones only for older time stamps. As usual, these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only. Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file. * Changes affecting documentation and commentary. @ text @d4 1 a4 1 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, d6 1 a6 2 # tz@@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. a40 10 # Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919. # This Russian-language source was consulted by Vladimir Karpinsky; see # http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html # The full Russian citation is: # Бялокоз, Евгений Людвигович. Новый счет времени в течении суток # введенный декретом Совета народных комиссаров для всей России с 1-го # июля 1919 г. / Изд. 2-е Междуведомственной комиссии. - Петроград: # Десятая гос. тип., 1919. # http://resolver.gpntb.ru/purl?docushare/dsweb/Get/Resource-2011/Byalokoz__E.L.__Novyy__schet__vremeni__v__techenie__sutok__izd__2(1).pdf # d177 2 a178 3 # -- "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly; # republished in Finest Hour (Spring 2002) 1(114):26 # http://www.winstonchurchill.org/images/finesthour/Vol.01%20No.114.pdf d213 2 a214 2 # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png d231 2 d239 1 a239 1 # http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0 d443 1 a443 1 Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s d445 1 a445 1 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u a450 2 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d452 2 a453 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s d455 5 a459 5 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 d461 1 a461 1 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u d482 1 a482 1 # http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32000L0084:EN:NOT d516 1 a516 1 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 d560 3 a562 3 Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 MST # Moscow Summer Time Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 MMT # Moscow Mean Time Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time d568 1 a568 1 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 MSM # Midsummer d672 1 a672 1 1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 d698 3 a700 3 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Apr 12 2:00s d716 1 a716 1 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time d721 5 a725 5 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s d783 1 a783 1 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT d813 1 a813 1 1:00 - CET 1945 Apr 2 3:00 d837 2 a838 2 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s d894 2 a895 2 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 d898 1 a898 1 Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn d983 1 a983 1 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 d987 1 a987 1 -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 d991 1 a991 1 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 d1014 1 a1014 1 # http://trip.rk.ee/cgi-bin/thw?${BASE}=akt&${OOHTML}=rtd&TA=1998&TO=1&AN=1390 d1045 1 a1045 1 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time d1051 2 a1052 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s d1198 1 a1198 1 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT d1217 1 a1217 1 # http://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/ d1246 1 a1246 1 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 d1262 1 a1262 1 # Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. d1273 2 a1274 2 Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 d1305 1 a1305 1 1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT d1406 1 a1406 1 -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1422 1 a1422 1 # http://toi.iriti.cnr.it/uk/ienitlt.html d1482 2 a1483 2 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s d1535 1 a1535 1 # http://www.rferl.org/newsline/2001/01/3-CEE/cee-030101.html d1541 1 a1541 1 # Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvītis noted that Latvia had too few d1552 1 a1552 3 # Milne 1899 says Riga was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). # Byalokoz 1919 says Latvia was 1:36:34. # Go with Byalokoz. d1555 6 a1560 6 Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:34 - LMT 1880 1:36:34 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 # Riga MT 1:36:34 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 # Latvian ST 1:36:34 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1:36:34 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 1:36:34 - RMT 1926 May 11 d1564 2 a1565 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s d1623 1 a1623 1 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time d1630 2 a1631 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s d1633 2 a1634 2 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u d1668 3 a1670 3 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 d1687 3 a1689 3 Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s d1755 2 a1756 2 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 d1800 2 a1801 2 # The data entries before 1945 are taken from # http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/wettijd/wettijd.htm d1832 2 a1833 2 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 16 0:00 # Dutch Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 d1896 1 a1896 1 # http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html d1920 1 a1920 1 # http://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1 d1941 2 a1942 2 1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00 d1944 1 a1944 1 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1940 Jun 23 2:00 a1951 8 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: # According to a Portuguese decree (1911-05-26) # http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf # Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett but disagrees # with Shanks, who says the transition occurred on 1911-05-24 at 00:00 for # Europe/Lisbon, Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira. # a2030 1 # d2032 9 a2040 7 Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:45 - LMT 1884 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u d2042 6 a2047 6 Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 # Horta Mean Time -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u d2049 4 a2052 4 Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 # Funchal Mean Time -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s d2076 2 a2077 2 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s d2213 1 a2213 1 # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast d2218 3 a2220 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2226 46 a2271 46 # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast # 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast # 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast # 77 RU-MOW Moscow # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug d2277 3 a2279 3 # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz ... p. 18.) # The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia was defined by # Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow d2293 1 a2293 1 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 d2297 4 a2300 4 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2315 1 a2315 1 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 d2328 2 a2329 2 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s d2333 1 a2333 1 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u d2341 2 a2342 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2348 4 a2351 4 # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast d2361 5 a2365 5 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2371 2 a2372 4 # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast # Byalokoz 1919 says Samara was 3:20:20. d2374 1 a2374 1 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 d2377 6 a2382 6 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s d2388 9 a2396 9 # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug d2401 1 a2401 4 # Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. # Byalokoz 1919 says its provincial time was based on Perm, at 3:45:05. # Assume it switched on 1916-07-03, the time of the new standard. # The 1919 and 1930 transitions are from Shanks. d2403 1 a2403 2 Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1916 Jul 3 3:45:05 - PMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 d2405 4 a2408 4 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2414 3 a2416 3 # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast d2418 1 a2418 3 # Byalokoz 1919 says Omsk was 4:53:30. Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:30 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 d2420 4 a2423 4 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2429 2 a2430 2 # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast d2435 1 a2435 1 Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 d2437 2 a2438 2 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s d2440 2 a2441 2 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2447 1 a2447 1 # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast d2477 5 a2481 5 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2487 3 a2489 3 # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai d2494 1 a2494 3 # Byalokoz 1919 says Krasnoyarsk was 6:11:26. Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:26 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 d2496 4 a2499 4 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2505 2 a2506 2 # 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of # 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast d2511 1 a2511 3 # Milne 1899 says Irkutsk was 6:57:15. # Byalokoz 1919 says Irkutsk was 6:57:05. # Go with Byalokoz. d2513 2 a2514 2 Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:05 - LMT 1880 6:57:05 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time d2516 4 a2519 4 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2525 1 a2525 1 # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai d2532 4 a2535 4 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2541 1 a2541 1 # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast d2573 1 a2573 3 # Byalokoz 1919 says Yakutsk was 8:38:58. Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:58 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 d2575 4 a2578 4 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2584 3 a2586 3 # 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai # 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai # 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast d2592 1 a2592 3 # Milne 1899 says Vladivostok was 8:47:33.5. # Byalokoz 1919 says Vladivostok was 8:47:31. # Go with Byalokoz. d2594 1 a2594 1 Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:31 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 d2596 4 a2599 4 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2619 2 a2620 2 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s d2622 3 a2624 3 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2630 1 a2630 1 # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast d2638 5 a2642 5 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2648 1 a2648 1 # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast d2659 4 a2662 4 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2712 5 a2716 5 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time d2736 5 a2740 5 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2746 1 a2746 1 # 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai d2755 4 a2758 4 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s d2764 1 a2764 1 # 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug d2768 5 a2772 5 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s d2784 1 a2784 1 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s d2864 1 a2864 1 0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 d2868 3 a2870 3 -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries T 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s d2923 1 a2923 1 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time d2925 1 a2925 1 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 1:00 d2994 1 a2994 1 # http://www.amtsdruckschriften.bar.admin.ch/viewOrigDoc.do?id=10071353 d3026 1 a3026 1 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time d3148 4 a3151 4 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u d3233 2 a3234 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 d3246 2 a3247 2 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 1:00 - CET 1991 Mar 31 3:00 d3261 1 a3261 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 d3287 1 a3287 1 # most European countries started DST. Before that year, only @ 1.1.1.3 log @Import tzdata2014h from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2014h.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2014h (2014-09-25 18:59:03 -0700): * America/Jamaica's 1974 spring-forward transition was Jan. 6, not Apr. 28. * Shanks says Asia/Novokuznetsk switched from LMT (not "NMT") on 1924-05-01, not 1920-01-06. * Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing zones only for older time stamps. As usual, these changes affect UTC offsets in pre-1970 time stamps only. Their old contents have been moved to the 'backzone' file. The affected zones are: Africa/Blantyre, Africa/Bujumbura, Africa/Gaborone, Africa/Harare, Africa/Kigali, Africa/Lubumbashi, Africa/Lusaka, Africa/Maseru, and Africa/Mbabane. * Changes affecting documentation and commentary. @ text @a70 1 # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) d2504 1 a2504 1 Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - LMT 1924 May 1 @ 1.1.1.4 log @Import tzdata2014i from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2014i.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2014i (2014-10-21 22:04:57 -0700): * Pacific/Fiji will observe DST from 2014-11-02 02:00 to 2015-01-18 03:00. Guess that future years will use a similar pattern. * A new Zone Pacific/Bougainville, for the part of Papua New Guinea that plans to switch from UTC+10 to UTC+11 on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. * Since Belarus is not changing its clocks even though Moscow is, the time zone abbreviation in Europe/Minsk is changing from FET to its more-traditional value MSK on 2014-10-26 at 01:00. * The new abbreviation IDT stands for the pre-1976 use of UT+8 in Indochina, to distinguish it better from ICT (UT+7). * Many time stamps have been corrected for Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh before 1976. Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh has been added to zone1970.tab, since north and south Vietnam disagreed after our 1970 cutoff. * Asia/Phnom_Penh and Asia/Vientiane have been turned into links, as they differed from existing zones only for pre-1970 time stamps. * Changes affecting commentary. @ text @d75 1 a75 1 # 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe (2011-2014)* a726 7 # # From Alexander Bokovoy (2014-10-09): # Belarussian government decided against changing to winter time.... # http://eng.belta.by/all_news/society/Belarus-decides-against-adjusting-time-in-Russias-wake_i_76335.html # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-08): # Hence Belarus can share time zone abbreviations with Moscow again. # d739 1 a739 2 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 1:00s 3:00 - MSK @ 1.1.1.5 log @Import tzdata2014j from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2014j.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2014j (2014-11-10 17:37:11 -0800): * Turks & Caicos' switch from US eastern time to UTC-4 year-round did not occur on 2014-11-02 at 02:00. * Many pre-1989 time stamps have been corrected for Asia/Seoul and Asia/Pyongyang, based on sources for the Korean-language Wikipedia entry for time in Korea. * Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing zones only for older (pre-1970) time stamps. * Changes affecting commentary. Summary of changes in tzdata2014i (2014-10-21 22:04:57 -0700): * Pacific/Fiji will observe DST from 2014-11-02 02:00 to 2015-01-18 03:00. * A new Zone Pacific/Bougainville, for the part of Papua New Guinea that plans to switch from UTC+10 to UTC+11 on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. * Since Belarus is not changing its clocks even though Moscow is, the time zone abbreviation in Europe/Minsk is changing from FET to its more-traditional value MSK on 2014-10-26 at 01:00. * The new abbreviation IDT stands for the pre-1976 use of UT+8 in Indochina, to distinguish it better from ICT (UT+7). * Many time stamps have been corrected for Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh before 1976. Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh has been added to zone1970.tab, to give tzselect users in Vietnam two choices, since north and south Vietnam disagreed after our 1970 cutoff. * Asia/Phnom_Penh and Asia/Vientiane have been turned into links, as they differed from existing zones only for older (pre-1970) time stamps. * Changes affecting commentary. @ text @d9 2 a10 3 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-31): # # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: a12 1 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. d18 1 a18 2 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. a289 8 # "Countess Markievicz ... claimed that the [1916] abolition of Dublin Mean Time # was among various actions undertaken by the 'English' government that # would 'put the whole country into the SF (Sinn Féin) camp'. She claimed # Irish 'public feeling (was) outraged by forcing of English time on us'." # -- Parsons M. Dublin lost its time zone - and 25 minutes - after 1916 Rising. # Irish Times 2014-10-27. # http://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411 a596 1 # As described below, Russia's 2014 change affects Zone data, not Rule data. @ 1.1.1.6 log @Import tzdata2015a from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2015a.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2015a (2015-01-29 22:35:20 -0800): * The Mexican state of Quintana Roo, represented by America/Cancun, will shift from Central Time with DST to Eastern Time without DST on 2015-02-01 at 02:00. * Chile will not change clocks in April or thereafter; its new standard time will be its old daylight saving time. This affects America/Santiago, Pacific/Easter, and Antarctica/Palmer. (Thanks to Juan Correa.) * New leap second 2015-06-30 23:59:60 UTC as per IERS Bulletin C 49. * Iceland observed DST in 1919 and 1921, and its 1939 fallback transition was Oct. * Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing zones only for older time stamps. * Changes affecting commentary. @ text @d1410 4 a1413 3 # From Paul Eggert (2014-11-22): # The information below is taken from the 1988 Almanak; see # http://www.almanak.hi.is/klukkan.html d1416 1 a1416 1 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S d1418 1 a1418 3 Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 - d1420 1 a1420 1 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 - d1422 5 a1426 2 Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 S d1429 1 a1429 1 Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - d1432 1 a1432 1 # 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week d1437 2 a1438 1 Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908 @ 1.1.1.7 log @Import tzdata2015b from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2015b.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2015b (2015-03-19 23:28:11 -0700): * Mongolia will start observing DST again in 2015, from the last Saturday in March at 02:00 to the last Saturday in September at 00:00. * Palestine will start DST on March 28, not March 27, in 2015. * The 1982 zone shift in Pacific/Easter has been corrected, fixing a 2015a regression. * Some more zones have been turned into links, when they differed from existing zones only for older time stamps. * Correct the 1992-2010 DST abbreviation in Volgograd from "MSK" to "MSD". * Changes affecting commentary. @ text @d2403 1 a2403 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s @ 1.1.1.8 log @Import tzdata2015e from http://www.iana.org/time-zones/repository/releases/tzdata2015e.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2015e (2015-06-13 10:56:02 -0700): * Morocco will suspend DST from 2015-06-14 03:00 through 2015-07-19 02:00, not 06-13 and 07-18 as we had guessed. * Assume Cayman Islands will observe DST starting next year, using US rules. * The file 'iso3166.tab' now uses UTF-8, so that its entries can better spell the names of Åland Islands, Côte d'Ivoire, and Réunion. Summary of changes in tzdata2015d (2015-04-24 08:09:46 -0700): * Egypt will not observe DST in 2015 and will consider canceling it permanently. For now, assume no DST indefinitely. * America/Whitehorse switched from UTC-9 to UTC-8 on 1967-05-28, not 1966-07-01. * The abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian standard and daylight times have been changed from HAST/HADT to HST/HDT, as per US Government Printing Office style. Summary of changes in tzdata2015c (2015-04-11 08:55:55 -0700): * Egypt's spring-forward transition is at 24:00 on April's last Thursday, not 00:00 on April's last Friday. This affects 2015, 2026, 2037, 2043, etc. * Changes to pre-1991 Chile-related time stamps in America/Santiago, Antarctica/Palmer, and Pacific/Easter. * The America/Montreal zone has been turned into a link, as it differed from an existing zone only for pre-1970 time stamps. @ text @d79 1 a79 1 # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Minsk, Moscow @ 1.1.1.9 log @Import tzdata2015f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2015f.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2015f (2015-08-10 18:06:56 -0700): * North Korea switches to +0830 on 2015-08-15. * Uruguay no longer observes DST. * Moldova starts and ends DST at 00:00 UTC, not at 01:00 UTC. * The two characters '%z' in a zone format now stand for the UTC offset, e.g., '-07' for seven hours behind UTC and '+0530' for five hours and thirty minutes ahead. * Comments for America/Halifax and America/Glace_Bay have been improved. * Data entries have been simplified for Atlantic/Canary, Europe/Simferopol, Europe/Sofia, and Europe/Tallinn. * Changes affecting documentation. @ text @d196 1 a196 1 # From Paul Eggert (2015-08-08): a200 3 # The term "Summer Time" was introduced by Herbert Samuel, Home Secretary; see: # Viscount Samuel. Leisure in a Democracy. Cambridge University Press # ISBN 978-1-107-49471-8 (1949, reissued 2015), p 8. d346 1 a346 1 # which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive No. 94/21/EC. d595 1 a595 1 # Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24): d598 2 a599 2 # Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in # Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14): d831 1 a831 1 # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No. 94/1997) says: d848 1 a848 1 2:00 Bulg EE%sT 1982 Sep 26 3:00 d1065 2 a1066 2 # Regulation No. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation # No. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all d1087 1 a1087 1 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Oct 31 4:00 d1530 2 a1531 2 # Act No. 35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1981-01-22 ... # according to the Act No. 925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1980-10-24 d1536 2 a1537 2 # Act No. 592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1984-09-24 ... # according to the Act No. 967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1984-09-13 d1543 2 a1544 2 # Act No. 81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1989-03-22 ... # according to the Act No. 227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1989-03-14 d1561 1 a1561 1 # 29-Feb-2000 (No. 79) , a1765 12 # From Roman Tudos (2015-07-02): # http://lex.justice.md/index.php?action=view&view=doc&lang=1&id=355077 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-01): # The abovementioned official link to IGO1445-868/2014 states that # 2014-10-26's fallback transition occurred at 03:00 local time. Also, # http://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara # says the 2014-03-30 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 local time. # Guess that since 1997 Moldova has switched one hour before the EU. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Moldova 1997 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Moldova 1997 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - d1780 1 a1780 1 2:00 Moldova EE%sT d2126 1 a2126 1 # Based on last Russian Government Decree No. 725 on August 31, 2011 d2136 1 a2136 1 # Scans of [Decree No. 23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: d2147 1 a2147 1 # 2011 No. 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. d2154 1 a2154 1 # in the 'RG' - Federal Issue No. 5573 September 6, 2011" but which d2159 1 a2159 1 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution No. 725 of August 31, 2011... d2367 1 a2367 1 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s d2502 1 a2502 1 # This is according to Government of Russia decree No. 740, on September d2925 1 a2925 1 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 1:00u d3215 1 a3215 1 # regulations No. 509, May 13, 1996. In my poor translation it says: d3224 1 a3224 1 # Bill No. 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got @ 1.1.1.10 log @Import tzdata2016b from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2016b.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2016b (2016-03-12 17:30:14 -0800): * New zones Europe/Astrakhan and Europe/Ulyanovsk for Astrakhan and Ulyanovsk Oblasts, Russia, both of which will switch from +03 to +04 on 2016-03-27 at 02:00 local time. * As a trial of a new system that needs less information to be made up, the new zones use numeric time zone abbreviations like "+04" instead of invented abbreviations like "ASTT". * Haiti will not observe DST in 2016. * Palestine's spring-forward transition on 2016-03-26 is at 01:00, not 00:00. * Europe/Chisinau observed DST during 1990, and switched from +04 to +03 at 1990-05-06 02:00, instead of switching from +03 to +02. * 1991 abbreviations in Europe/Samara should be SAMT/SAMST, not KUYT/KUYST. * tzselect's diagnostics and checking, and checktab.awk's checking, have been improved. * tzcode now builds under MinGW. * tzselect now tests Julian-date TZ settings more accurately. * Comments in zone tables have been improved. * tzselect again limits its menu comments so that menus fit on a 24x80 alphanumeric display. * A new web page tz-how-to.html. * In the Theory file, the description of possible time zone abbreviations in tzdata has been cleaned up, as the old description was unclear and inconsistent. Summary of changes in tzdata2016a (2016-01-26 23:28:02 -0800): * America/Cayman will not observe daylight saving this year after all. * Asia/Chita switches from +0800 to +0900 on 2016-03-27 at 02:00. * Asia/Tehran now has DST predictions for the year 2038 and later, to be March 21 00:00 to September 21 00:00. * America/Metlakatla switched from PST all year to AKST/AKDT on 2015-11-01 at 02:00. * America/Santa_Isabel has been removed, and replaced with a backward compatibility link to America/Tijuana. * Asia/Karachi's two transition times in 2002 were off by a minute. * Changes affecting documentation and commentary. Summary of changes in tzdata2015g (2015-10-01 00:39:51 -0700): * Turkey's 2015 fall-back transition is scheduled for Nov. * Norfolk moves from +1130 to +1100 on 2015-10-04 at 02:00 local time. * Fiji's 2016 fall-back transition is scheduled for January 17, not 24. * Fort Nelson, British Columbia will not fall back on 2015-11-01. * Norfolk observed DST from 1974-10-27 02:00 to 1975-03-02 02:00. * Changes affecting documentation. @ text @a1007 6 # From J William Piggott (2016-02-20): # "Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund" is officially named # "National Park" by Executive Order: # http://naalakkersuisut.gl/~/media/Nanoq/Files/Attached%20Files/Engelske-tekster/Legislation/Executive%20Order%20National%20Park.rtf # It is their only National Park. a1730 10 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # the act of the government of the Republic of Moldova Nr. 132 from 1990-05-04 # http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=2 # ... says that since 1990-05-06 on the territory of the Moldavian SSR # time would be calculated as the standard time of the second time belt # plus one hour of the "summer" time. To implement that clocks would be # adjusted one hour backwards at 1990-05-06 2:00. After that "summer" # time would be cancelled last Sunday of September at 3:00 and # reintroduced last Sunday of March at 2:00. d1789 3 a1791 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 May 6 2:00 d2321 1 a2321 1 # ... a2399 20 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-12): # Europe/Astrakhan covers... # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-12): # On February 10, 2016 Astrakhan Oblast got approval by the Federation # Council to change its time zone to UTC+4 (from current UTC+3 Moscow time).... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/work/dz.nsf/ByID/5AEBD1A341D2B41843257F47003949EF/$File/Текст проекта_третье чтение.doc # This Federal Law shall enter into force on 27 March 2016 at 02:00. Zone Europe/Astrakhan 3:12:12 - LMT 1924 May 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2402 1 a2402 1 # ... d2431 1 a2431 1 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 # Samara Time d2436 2 a2437 2 3:00 - SAMT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s a2440 18 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21): # Europe/Ulyanovsk covers: # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17): # Ulyanovsk ... on their way to change time zones by March 27, 2016 at 2am. # Ulyanovsk Oblast ... from MSK to MSK+1 (UTC+3 to UTC+4) ... # 920582-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill in the first reading. Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2474 2 a2487 35 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-22): # Asia/Barnaul covers: # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # Data before 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Letter of Bank of Russia from 1995-05-25 # http://www.bestpravo.ru/rossijskoje/lj-akty/y3a.htm # suggests that Altai Republic transitioned to Moscow+3 on # 1995-05-28. # # http://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html # has some historical data for Altai Krai: # before 1957: west part on UTC+6, east on UTC+7 # after 1957: UTC+7 # since 1995: UTC+6 # http://barnaul.rusplt.ru/index/pochemu_altajskij_kraj_okazalsja_v_neprivychnom_chasovom_pojase-17648.html # confirms that and provides more details including 1995-05-28 transition date. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-02-17): # Altai Krai and Altai Republic on their way to change time zones # by March 27, 2016 at 2am.... # Altai Republic / Gorno-Altaysk MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) ... # Altai Krai / Barnaul MSK+3 to MSK+4 (UTC+6 to UTC+7) # 935532-6 ... 944348-6 ... 02/17/2016 The State Duma passed the bill # in the first reading. Zone Asia/Barnaul 5:35:00 - LMT 1919 Dec 10 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1995 May 28 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2529 3 a2595 6 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-01-02): # [The] time zone in the Trans-Baikal Territory (Zabaykalsky Krai) - # Asia/Chita [is changing] from UTC+8 to UTC+9. Effective date will # be March 27, 2016 at 2:00am.... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/000120151230010 d2602 1 a2602 2 8:00 - IRKT 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - YAKT a2703 5 # From Matt Johnson (2016-02-22): # Asia/Sakhalin is moving (in entirety) from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=888645-6 # Appears to have been approved in both first and second readings d2713 1 a2713 2 10:00 - SAKT 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - SAKT a3152 11 # From Fatih (2015-09-29): # It's officially announced now by the Ministry of Energy. # Turkey delays winter time to 8th of November 04:00 # http://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-8-kasimda-sona-erecek/362217 # # From BBC News (2015-10-25): # Confused Turks are asking "what's the time?" after automatic clocks defied a # government decision ... "For the next two weeks #Turkey is on EEST... Erdogan # Engineered Standard Time," said Twitter user @@aysekarahasan. # http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34631326 a3221 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2015 Oct 25 1:00u 2:00 1:00 EEST 2015 Nov 8 1:00u @ 1.1.1.11 log @Import tzdata2016d from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2016d.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2016d (2016-04-17 22:50:29 -0700): * America/Caracas switches from -0430 to -04 on 2016-05-01 at 02:30. * Asia/Magadan switches from +10 to +11 on 2016-04-24 at 02:00. * New zone Asia/Tomsk, split off from Asia/Novosibirsk. * New zone Europe/Kirov, split off from Europe/Volgograd. * Russia and nearby locations had daylight-saving transitions on 1992-03-29 at 02:00 and 1992-09-27 at 03:00, instead of on 1992-03-28 at 23:00 and 1992-09-26 at 23:00. * Many corrections to historical time in Kazakhstan from 1991 through 2005. * Mention Internet RFCs 7808 (TZDIST) and 7809 (CalDAV time zone references). Summary of changes in tzdata2016c (2016-03-23 00:51:27 -0700): * Azerbaijan no longer observes DST. * Chile reverts from permanent to seasonal DST. * Europe/Kaliningrad and Europe/Vilnius changed from +03/+04 to +02/+03 on 1989-03-26, not 1991-03-31. * Several updates and URLs for historical and proposed Russian changes. @ text @d603 2 a604 2 Rule Russia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S d606 4 a612 28 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # Wikipedia and other sources refer to the Act of the Council of # Ministers of the USSR from 1988-01-04 No. 5 and the Act of the # Council of Ministers of the USSR from 1989-03-14 No. 227. # # I did not find full texts of these acts. For the 1989 one we have # title at http://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : # "About change in calculation of time on the territories of # Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR and Estonian SSR, Astrakhan, # Kaliningrad, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk and Uralsk oblasts". # And http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt appears to # contain quotes from both acts: Since last Sunday of March 1988 rules # of the second time belt are installed in Volgograd and Saratov # oblasts. Since last Sunday of March 1989: # a) Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, Estonian SSR, Kaliningrad oblast: # second time belt rules without extra hour (Moscow-1); # b) Astrakhan, Kirov, Kuybyshev, Ulyanovsk oblasts: second time belt # rules (Moscow time) # c) Uralsk oblast: third time belt rules (Moscow+1). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): # Unamended version of the act of the # Government of the Russian Federation No. 23 from 08.01.1992 # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102014034&rdk=0 # says that every year clocks were to be moved forward on last Sunday # of March at 2 hours and moved backwards on last Sunday of September # at 3 hours. It was amended in 1996 to replace September with October. a1038 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # a1631 3 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d1671 2 a1672 2 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s a2282 15 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # http://www.rgo.ru/ru/kaliningradskoe-oblastnoe-otdelenie/ob-otdelenii/publikacii/kak-nam-zhilos-bez-letnego-vremeni # confirms that the 1989 change to Moscow-1 was implemented. # (The article, though, is misattributed to 1990 while saying that # summer->winter transition would be done on the 24 of September. But # 1990-09-24 was Monday, while 1989-09-24 was Sunday as expected.) # ... # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad switched to Moscow-1 on 1989-03-26, avoided # at the last moment switch to Moscow-1 on 1991-03-31, switched to # Moscow on 1991-11-03, switched to Moscow-1 on 1992-01-19. d2286 1 a2286 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s d2292 1 a2292 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-02-21), per Tim Parenti (2014-07-03) and # Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): d2335 1 a2340 81 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-07): # 11. Regions-violators, 1981-1982. # Wikipedia refers to # http://maps.monetonos.ru/maps/raznoe/Old_Maps/Old_Maps/Articles/022/3_1981.html # http://besp.narod.ru/nauka_1981_3.htm # # The second link provides two articles scanned from the Nauka i Zhizn # magazine No. 3, 1981 and a scan of the short article attributed to # the Trud newspaper from February 1982. The first link provides the # same Nauka i Zhizn articles converted to the text form (but misses # time belt changes map). # # The second Nauka i Zhizn article says that in addition to # introduction of summer time on 1981-04-01 there are some time belt # border changes on 1981-10-01, mostly affecting Nenets Autonomous # Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Yakutia, Magadan Oblast and Chukotka # according to the provided map (colored one). In addition to that # "time violators" (regions which were not using rules of the time # belts in which they were located) would not be moving off the DST on # 1981-10-01 to restore the decree time usage. (Komi ASSR was # supposed to repeat that move in October 1982 to account for the 2 # hour difference.) Map depicting "time violators" before 1981-10-01 # is also provided. # # The article from Trud says that 1981-10-01 changes caused problems # and some territories would be moved to pre-1981-10-01 time by not # moving to summer time on 1982-04-01. Namely: Dagestan, # Kabardino-Balkar, Kalmyk, Komi, Mari, Mordovian, North Ossetian, # Tatar, Chechen-Ingush and Chuvash ASSR, Krasnodar and Stavropol # krais, Arkhangelsk, Vladimir, Vologda, Voronezh, Gorky, Ivanovo, # Kostroma, Lipetsk, Penza, Rostov, Ryazan, Tambov, Tyumen and # Yaroslavl oblasts, Nenets and Evenk autonomous okrugs, Khatangsky # district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. As a result Evenk Autonomous # Okrug and Khatangsky district of Taymyr Autonomous Okrug would end # up on Moscow+4, Tyumen Oblast on Moscow+2 and the rest on Moscow # time. # # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # attributes the 1982 changes to the Act of the Council of Ministers # of the USSR No. 126 from 18.02.1982. 1980-925.txt also adds # Udmurtia to the list of affected territories and lists Khatangsky # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okurg. Probably erroneously. # # The affected territories are currently listed under Europe/Moscow, # Asia/Yekaterinburg and Asia/Krasnoyarsk. # # 12. Udmurtia # The fact that Udmurtia is depicted as a violator in the Nauka i # Zhizn article hints at Izhevsk being on different time from # Kuybyshev before 1981-10-01. Udmurtia is not mentioned in the 1989 act. # http://astrozet.net/files/Zones/DOC/RU/1980-925.txt # implies Udmurtia was on Moscow time after 1982-04-01. # Wikipedia implies Udmurtia being on Moscow+1 until 1991. # # ... # # All Russian zones are supposed to have by default a -1 change at # 1991-03-31 2:00 (cancellation of the decree time in the USSR) and a +1 # change at 1992-01-19 2:00 (restoration of the decree time in Russia). # # There were some exceptions, though. # Wikipedia says newspapers listed Astrakhan, Saratov, Kirov, Volgograd, # Izhevsk, Grozny, Kazan and Samara as such exceptions for the 1992 # change. (Different newspapers providing different lists. And some # lists found in the internet are quite wild.) # # And apparently some exceptions were reverted in the last moment. # http://www.kaliningradka.ru/site_pc/cherez/index.php?ELEMENT_ID=40091 # says that Kaliningrad decided not to be an exception 2 days before the # 1991-03-31 switch and one person at # http://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html # says he remembers that Samara opted out of the 1992-01-19 exception # 2 days before the switch. # # # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Given the above, we appear to be missing some Zone entries for the # chaotic early 1980s in Russia. It's not clear what these entries # should be. For now, sweep this under the rug and just document the # time in Moscow. d2414 2 a2415 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Astrakhan covers: a2416 2 # # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d2421 1 a2422 2 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201602150056 d2434 3 a2436 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Volgograd covers: d2438 1 d2440 4 a2443 1 # The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04). d2449 1 a2449 1 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1988 Mar 27 2:00s # Volgograd T a2455 13 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Europe/Kirov covers: # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). # Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 a2461 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): a2462 1 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). d2475 1 a2475 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): a2478 2 # The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). a2482 2 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090051 a2541 1 d2563 2 a2564 3 # From Matt Johnson (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090043 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090038 a2567 2 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s d2574 2 a2575 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Novosibirsk covers: d2577 4 a2590 49 # From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): # Asia/Tomsk covers: # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-24): # Byalokoz listed Tomsk at 5:39:51. # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # Tomsk is still 4 hours ahead of Moscow. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-19): # http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102075743 # (fifth time belt being UTC+5+1(decree time) # / UTC+5+1(decree time)+1(summer time)) ... # Note that time belts (numbered from 2 (Moscow) to 12 according to their # GMT/UTC offset and having too many exceptions like regions formally # belonging to one belt but using time from another) were replaced # with time zones in 2011 with different numberings (there was a # 2-hour gap between second and third zones in 2011-2014). # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-04-12): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(SpravkaNew)?OpenAgent&RN=1006865-6 # This bill was approved in the first reading today. It moves Tomsk oblast # from UTC+6 to UTC+7 and is supposed to come into effect on 2016-05-29 at # 2:00. The bill needs to be approved in the second and the third readings by # the State Duma, approved by the Federation Council, signed by the President # and published to become a law. Minor changes in the text are to be expected # before the second reading (references need to be updated to account for the # recent changes). # # Judging by the ultra-short one-day amendments period, recent similar laws, # the State Duma schedule and the Federation Council schedule # http://www.duma.gov.ru/legislative/planning/day-shedule/por_vesna_2016/ # http://council.gov.ru/activity/meetings/schedule/63303 # I speculate that the final text of the bill will be proposed tomorrow, the # bill will be approved in the second and the third readings on Friday, # approved by the Federation Council on 2016-04-20, signed by the President and # published as a law around 2016-04-26. Zone Asia/Tomsk 5:39:51 - LMT 1919 Dec 22 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2682 1 a2682 1 # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201512300107 d2795 2 a2796 2 # (2016-03-09): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201603090044 a2821 8 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2016-03-27): # ... draft bill 948300-6 to change its time zone from UTC+10 to UTC+11 ... # will take ... effect ... on April 24, 2016 at 2 o'clock # # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-05): # ... signed by the President today ... # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604050038 d2828 1 a2828 2 10:00 - MAGT 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - MAGT @ 1.1.1.11.2.1 log @Sync with HEAD @ text @d78 2 a79 1 # 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow a585 5 # Daylight saving time for Russia and the Soviet Union # # The 1917-1921 decree URLs are from Alexander Belopolsky (2016-08-23). a587 2 # # Decree No. 142 (1917-12-22) http://istmat.info/node/28137 a588 2 # # Decree No. 497 (1918-05-30) http://istmat.info/node/30001 a590 2 # # Decree No. 258 (1919-05-29) http://istmat.info/node/37949 d592 1 a592 2 # Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 0:00u 1:00 MSD a593 2 # # Decree No. 63 (1921-02-03) http://istmat.info/node/45840 d595 1 a595 4 # # Decree No. 121 (1921-03-07) http://istmat.info/node/45949 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 +05 # d770 2 d785 2 a786 1 3:00 - +03 d1294 1 a1294 1 # this was equivalent to UT +03, not +04. d1485 62 a1546 73 # From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10 # ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into # force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in # the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin...." # # From Pierpaolo Bernardi (2016-10-20): # The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological # institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at # http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml # (2016-10-24): # http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/ # has still different data for 1944. It divides Italy in two, as # there were effectively two governments at the time, north of Gothic # Line German controlled territory, official government RSI, and south # of the Gothic Line, controlled by allied armies. # # From Brian Inglis (2016-10-23): # Viceregal LEGISLATIVE DECREE. 14 September 1944, no. 219. # Restoration of Standard Time. (044U0219) (OJ 62 of 30.9.1944) ... # Given the R. law decreed on 1944-03-29, no. 92, by which standard time is # advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ... # Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed. # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27): # Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944 # for the Kingdom of Italy. This is consistent with Renzo Baldini. # Model Rome's occupation by using using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 # to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it # was effectively controlled by Germany. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 1917 - Sep 30 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Mar 31 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 9 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Oct 6 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 1 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1919 only - Oct 4 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1944 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 only - Sep 24 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1967 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - d1549 3 a1551 3 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1943 Sep 10 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jun 4 a1749 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-21): # Assume 1900-1972 was like Rome, overriding Shanks. # d1760 2 d1893 1 a1893 1 # http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2258 1 d2334 1 a2334 1 3:00 - +03 2014 Oct 26 2:00s a2386 10 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): # The Soviets switched to UT-based time in 1919. Decree No. 59 # (1919-02-08) http://istmat.info/node/35567 established UT-based time # zones, and Decree No. 147 (1919-03-29) http://istmat.info/node/35854 # specified a transition date of 1919-07-01, apparently at 00:00 UT. # No doubt only the Soviet-controlled regions switched on that date; # later transitions to UT-based time in other parts of Russia are # taken from what appear to be guesses by Shanks. # (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky for pointers to the decrees.) d2428 1 a2428 1 # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. Probably erroneously. d2488 1 a2488 1 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2571 9 a2579 8 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 d2586 1 a2586 1 Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2604 10 a2613 10 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - +03 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia +04/+05 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2628 1 a2628 1 Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2660 6 a2665 6 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - +05 d2675 6 a2680 6 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 d2752 1 a2752 1 # with time zones in 2011 with different numbering (there was a d2834 6 a2839 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2856 6 a2861 6 7:00 - +07 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - +09 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 d2878 7 a2884 7 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - +09 d2924 6 a2929 6 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2947 6 a2952 6 9:00 - +09 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d2970 8 a2977 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2004 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2993 9 a3001 8 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d3024 7 a3030 7 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d3073 3 d3078 6 a3083 6 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d3101 8 a3108 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d3121 6 a3126 6 11:00 - +11 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d3134 7 a3140 7 12:00 - +12 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia +13/+14 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d3399 16 a3414 18 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2016-09-25): # 1) For 1986-2006, DST started at 01:00 local and ended at 02:00 local, with # no exceptions. # 2) 1994's lastSun was overridden with Mar 20 ... # Here are official papers: # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf - page 2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf - page 4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf - page 15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf - page 6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf - page 1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf - page 15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf - page 1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf - page 1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf - page 10 for 1998 - 2000 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25): # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1985. a3460 8 # From Burak AYDIN (2016-09-08): # Turkey will stay in Daylight Saving Time even in winter.... # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/09/20160908-2.pdf # # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-07): # The change is permanent, so this is the new standard time in Turkey. # It takes effect today, which is not much notice. d3515 4 a3518 4 Rule Turkey 1986 1993 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1994 only - Mar 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1995 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S d3524 1 a3524 1 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1985 Apr 20 d3532 1 a3532 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - +03 @ 1.1.1.11.2.2 log @Sync with HEAD. (Note that most of these changes are simply $NetBSD$ tag issues.) @ text @d899 1 a899 1 # Czech Republic / Czechia d2599 1 a2599 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): d2602 1 a2614 21 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Saratov covers: # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast # From Yuri Konotopov (2016-11-11): # Dec 4, 2016 02:00 UTC+3.... Saratov Region's local time will be ... UTC+4. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-11): # ... Byalokoz listed Saratov on 03:04:18. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-22): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611220031 Zone Europe/Saratov 3:04:18 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - +04 @ 1.1.1.11.2.3 log @Sync with HEAD @ text @d9 1 a9 1 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): d16 2 a17 2 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source # for time zone data was the International Air Transport d59 1 d62 17 a78 15 # the rest are variants of the "xMT" pattern for a city's mean time, # or are from other sources. Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT* NST* Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937) # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899) # 1:36:34 RMT* LST* Riga, Latvian Summer (1880-1926)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 MSK MSD MDST* Moscow d478 1 a478 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT d1062 2 a1063 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996 d1066 3 a1068 3 -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU -01/+00 d1070 2 a1071 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 d1486 1 a1486 1 -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1950 1 a1950 1 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 a2166 1 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2169 3 a2171 11 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Apr 3 2:00 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s d2173 1 a2173 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2176 1 a2176 9 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Apr 3 2:00 d2534 4 a2537 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06): # Europe/Simferopol covers Crimea. d3221 32 a3252 58 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-14): # # The source for Europe/Madrid before 2013 is: # Planesas P. La hora oficial en España y sus cambios. # Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid (2013, in Spanish). # http://astronomia.ign.es/rknowsys-theme/images/webAstro/paginas/documentos/Anuario/lahoraoficialenespana.pdf # As this source says that historical time in the Canaries is obscure, # and it does not discuss Ceuta, stick with Shanks for now for that data. # # In the 1918 and 1919 fallback transitions in Spain, the clock for # the hour-longer day officially kept going after midnight, so that # the repeated instances of that day's 00:00 hour were 24 hours apart, # with a fallback transition from the second occurrence of 00:59... to # the next day's 00:00. Our data format cannot represent this # directly, and instead repeats the first hour of the next day, with a # fallback transition from the next day's 00:59... to 00:00. # From Michael Deckers (2016-12-15): # The Royal Decree of 1900-06-26 quoted by Planesas, online at # https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1900/209/A00383-00384.pdf # says in its article 5 (my translation): # These dispositions will enter into force beginning with the # instant at which, according to the time indicated in article 1, # the 1st day of January of 1901 will begin. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1918 1919 - Oct 6 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 6 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Republican Spain during the civil war; it controlled Madrid until 1939-03-28. Rule Spain 1937 only - Jun 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 only - Oct 2 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 30 23:00 2:00 M Rule Spain 1938 only - Oct 2 24:00 1:00 S # The following rules are for unified Spain again. # # Planesas does not say what happened in Madrid between its fall on # 1939-03-28 and the Nationalist spring-forward transition on # 1939-04-15. For lack of better info, assume Madrid's clocks did not # change during that period. # # The first rule is commented out, as it is redundant for Republican Spain. #Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Oct 7 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1944 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - d3254 2 a3255 2 Rule Spain 1949 only - Oct 2 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=12 23:00 1:00 S d3259 2 a3260 7 Rule Spain 1977 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - # Nationalist Spain during the civil war #Rule NatSpain 1937 only - May 22 23:00 1:00 S #Rule NatSpain 1937 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - #Rule NatSpain 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00 1:00 S d3272 2 a3273 2 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:45:16 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00 d3276 1 a3276 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:38:44 d3285 1 a3285 1 -1:00 - -01 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3698 1 a3698 1 2:20 - +0220 1924 May 2 @ 1.1.1.12 log @Import tzdata2016f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2016f.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2016f (2016-07-05 16:26:51 +0200): * The Egyptian government changed its mind on short notice, and Africa/Cairo will not introduce DST starting 2016-07-07 after all. * Asia/Novosibirsk switches from +06 to +07 on 2016-07-24 at 02:00. * Asia/Novokuznetsk and Asia/Novosibirsk now use numeric time zone abbreviations instead of invented ones. * Europe/Minsk's 1992-03-29 spring-forward transition was at 02:00 not 00:00. Summary of changes in tzdata2016e (2016-06-14 08:46:16 -0700): * Africa/Cairo observes DST in 2016 from July 7 to the end of October. (change obsoleted by 2016f) * Locations while uninhabited now use '-00', not 'zzz', as a placeholder time zone abbreviation. * Asia/Baku's 1992-09-27 transition from +04 (DST) to +04 (non-DST) was at 03:00, not 23:00 the previous day. * zic now outputs a dummy transition at time 2**31 - 1 in zones whose POSIX-style TZ strings contain a '<'. * Changes affecting documentation and commentary. @ text @a757 8 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-02): # http://www.lawbelarus.com/repub/sub30/texf9611.htm # (Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus from # 1992-03-25 No. 157) ... says clocks were to be moved forward at 2:00 # on last Sunday of March and backward at 3:00 on last Sunday of September # (the same as previous USSR and contemporary Russian regulations). # d781 3 a2725 7 # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-05-30): # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=1085784-6 # moves Novosibirsk oblast from UTC+6 to UTC+7. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-07-04): # The law was signed yesterday and published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201607040064 d2727 7 a2733 8 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - +07 a2773 3 # From Matt Johnson (2016-04-26): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201604260048 d2813 8 a2820 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 @ 1.1.1.13 log @Import tzdata2016g from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2016g.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2016g (2016-09-13 08:56:38 -0700): Timezone switch in Turkey (summer time becomes standard time) Transition time corrections for historic timestamps in America/Los_Angeles zones using USSR rules in early 20th century Some (more) time zone abbreviations converted to numeric form Asia/Rangoon becomes Asia/Yangon (with backward compat link) @ text @d78 2 a79 1 # 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow a585 5 # Daylight saving time for Russia and the Soviet Union # # The 1917-1921 decree URLs are from Alexander Belopolsky (2016-08-23). a587 2 # # Decree No. 142 (1917-12-22) http://istmat.info/node/28137 a588 2 # # Decree No. 497 (1918-05-30) http://istmat.info/node/30001 a590 2 # # Decree No. 258 (1919-05-29) http://istmat.info/node/37949 d592 1 a592 2 # Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 0:00u 1:00 MSD a593 2 # # Decree No. 63 (1921-02-03) http://istmat.info/node/45840 d595 1 a595 4 # # Decree No. 121 (1921-03-07) http://istmat.info/node/45949 Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 +05 # d778 2 d790 2 a791 1 3:00 - +03 d1299 1 a1299 1 # this was equivalent to UT +03, not +04. d2263 1 d2339 1 a2339 1 3:00 - +03 2014 Oct 26 2:00s a2391 10 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): # The Soviets switched to UT-based time in 1919. Decree No. 59 # (1919-02-08) http://istmat.info/node/35567 established UT-based time # zones, and Decree No. 147 (1919-03-29) http://istmat.info/node/35854 # specified a transition date of 1919-07-01, apparently at 00:00 UT. # No doubt only the Soviet-controlled regions switched on that date; # later transitions to UT-based time in other parts of Russia are # taken from what appear to be guesses by Shanks. # (Thanks to Alexander Belopolsky for pointers to the decrees.) d2433 1 a2433 1 # district separately from Taymyr Autonomous Okrug. Probably erroneously. d2493 1 a2493 1 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2576 9 a2584 8 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 d2591 1 a2591 1 Zone Europe/Kirov 3:18:48 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2609 10 a2618 10 Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:20 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - +04 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia +02/+03 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - +03 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia +04/+05 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d2633 1 a2633 1 Zone Europe/Ulyanovsk 3:13:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u d2665 6 a2670 6 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - +06 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - +05 d2680 6 a2685 6 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - +07 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - +06 d2765 1 a2765 1 # with time zones in 2011 with different numbering (there was a d2848 6 a2853 6 6:00 - +06 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia +06/+07 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - +07 d2870 6 a2875 6 7:00 - +07 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia +07/+08 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - +09 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 d2892 7 a2898 7 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - +08 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - +09 d2938 6 a2943 6 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d2961 6 a2966 6 9:00 - +09 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d2984 8 a2991 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia +08/+09 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia +09/+10 2004 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - +10 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - +09 d3007 9 a3015 8 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d3038 7 a3044 7 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d3087 3 d3092 6 a3097 6 10:00 - +10 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - +11 d3115 8 a3122 8 8:00 - +08 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia +09/+10 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia +10/+11 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - +11 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - +10 d3135 6 a3140 6 11:00 - +11 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 d3148 7 a3154 7 12:00 - +12 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia +13/+14 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia +12/+13 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia +11/+12 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - +12 a3474 8 # From Burak AYDIN (2016-09-08): # Turkey will stay in Daylight Saving Time even in winter.... # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2016/09/20160908-2.pdf # # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-07): # The change is permanent, so this is the new standard time in Turkey. # It takes effect today, which is not much notice. d3538 1 a3538 1 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1985 Apr 20 d3546 1 a3546 2 2:00 EU EE%sT 2016 Sep 7 3:00 - +03 @ 1.1.1.14 log @Import tzdata2016h from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2016h.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2016h (2016-10-19 23:17:57 -0700): Asia/Gaza and Asia/Hebron end of summer time for 2016 is 2016-10-29 at 01:00 rather than 2016-10-21 at 00:00 (which is within hours after this update). Guess that future end dates will be the last Sat of October. Corrected some historic time (and one date) transition times for Turkey (all 1990 or before.) Switch Sri-Lanka to use numeric abbreviation for time zone as the tzdata invented one is not correct, and the correct one seems not to be widely used. @ text @d1911 1 a1911 1 # http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm d3430 16 a3445 18 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2016-09-25): # 1) For 1986-2006, DST started at 01:00 local and ended at 02:00 local, with # no exceptions. # 2) 1994's lastSun was overridden with Mar 20 ... # Here are official papers: # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf - page 2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf - page 4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf - page 15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf - page 6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf - page 1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf - page 15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf - page 1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf - page 1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf - page 10 for 1998 - 2000 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006 # From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25): # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1985. d3554 4 a3557 4 Rule Turkey 1986 1993 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1994 only - Mar 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1995 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S @ 1.1.1.15 log @Import tzdata2016i from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2016i.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2016i (2016-11-01 23:19:52 -0700): Cyprus split into two time zones on 2016-10-30 (new zone is Asia/Famagusta and is UTC+3 year round). Tonga reintroduces summer time on 2016-11-06 (assumed for now to be aligned with Fiji). This year's summer time switch (from +08 to +11) for Antarctica/Casey occurred 2016-10-22. Also (minor) adjustments to some historic data for Italy (most recent applies to time of day of switch out of summer time in period 1967-1970 & 1972-1974, other changes relate to 1910's and 1940's.) @ text @d1503 24 a1526 30 # From Michael Deckers (2016-10-24): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale quotes a law of 1893-08-10 # ... [translated as] "The preceding dispositions will enter into # force at the instant at which, according to the time specified in # the 1st article, the 1st of November 1893 will begin...." # # From Pierpaolo Bernardi (2016-10-20): # The authoritative source for time in Italy is the national metrological # institute, which has a summary page of historical DST data at # http://www.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml # (2016-10-24): # http://www.renzobaldini.it/le-ore-legali-in-italia/ # has still different data for 1944. It divides Italy in two, as # there were effectively two governments at the time, north of Gothic # Line German controlled territory, official government RSI, and south # of the Gothic Line, controlled by allied armies. # # From Brian Inglis (2016-10-23): # Viceregal LEGISLATIVE DECREE. 14 September 1944, no. 219. # Restoration of Standard Time. (044U0219) (OJ 62 of 30.9.1944) ... # Given the R. law decreed on 1944-03-29, no. 92, by which standard time is # advanced to sixty minutes later starting at hour two on 1944-04-02; ... # Starting at hour three on the date 1944-09-17 standard time will be resumed. # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-27): # Go with INRiM for DST rules, except as corrected by Inglis for 1944 # for the Kingdom of Italy. This is consistent with Renzo Baldini. # Model Rome's occupation by using using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 # to 1944-06-04; although Rome was an open city during this period, it # was effectively controlled by Germany. d1529 36 a1564 41 Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 1917 - Sep 30 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Mar 31 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 9 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 only - Oct 6 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 1 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1919 only - Oct 4 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1944 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 only - Sep 24 24:00 0 - Rule Italy 1967 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - d1567 3 a1569 3 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:49:56 # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1943 Sep 10 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jun 4 a1767 4 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-10-21): # Assume 1900-1972 was like Rome, overriding Shanks. # d1778 2 d1911 1 a1911 1 # http://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm @ 1.1.1.16 log @Import tzdata2016j from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2016j.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2016j (2016-11-22 23:17:13 -0800): Saratov, Russia switches from +03 to +04 on 2016-12-04 at 02:00. This creates a new zone Europe/Saratov. New zone Asia/Atyrau for Atyrau Region, Kazakhstan, is like Asia/Aqtau except it switched from +04/+05 to +05/+06 in spring 1999, not fall 1994. Asia/Gaza and Asia/Hebron now use "EEST", not "EET", to denote summer time before 1948. The old use of "EET" was a typo. @ text @d904 1 a904 1 # Czech Republic / Czechia d2604 1 a2604 1 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): d2607 1 a2619 21 # From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11): # Europe/Saratov covers: # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast # From Yuri Konotopov (2016-11-11): # Dec 4, 2016 02:00 UTC+3.... Saratov Region's local time will be ... UTC+4. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-11): # ... Byalokoz listed Saratov on 03:04:18. # From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-22): # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611220031 Zone Europe/Saratov 3:04:18 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 0:00u 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - +03 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - +04 @ 1.1.1.16.2.1 log @Sync with HEAD @ text @d9 1 a9 1 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): d16 2 a17 2 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source # for time zone data was the International Air Transport d59 1 d62 17 a78 15 # the rest are variants of the "xMT" pattern for a city's mean time, # or are from other sources. Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT* NST* Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937) # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899) # 1:36:34 RMT* LST* Riga, Latvian Summer (1880-1926)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 MSK MSD MDST* Moscow d478 1 a478 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT d1067 2 a1068 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996 d1071 3 a1073 3 -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU -01/+00 d1075 2 a1076 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 d1491 1 a1491 1 -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1955 1 a1955 1 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 a2171 1 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2174 3 a2176 11 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Apr 3 2:00 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s d2178 1 a2178 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2181 1 a2181 9 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Apr 3 2:00 d2539 4 a2542 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06): # Europe/Simferopol covers Crimea. d3235 32 a3266 58 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-14): # # The source for Europe/Madrid before 2013 is: # Planesas P. La hora oficial en España y sus cambios. # Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid (2013, in Spanish). # http://astronomia.ign.es/rknowsys-theme/images/webAstro/paginas/documentos/Anuario/lahoraoficialenespana.pdf # As this source says that historical time in the Canaries is obscure, # and it does not discuss Ceuta, stick with Shanks for now for that data. # # In the 1918 and 1919 fallback transitions in Spain, the clock for # the hour-longer day officially kept going after midnight, so that # the repeated instances of that day's 00:00 hour were 24 hours apart, # with a fallback transition from the second occurrence of 00:59... to # the next day's 00:00. Our data format cannot represent this # directly, and instead repeats the first hour of the next day, with a # fallback transition from the next day's 00:59... to 00:00. # From Michael Deckers (2016-12-15): # The Royal Decree of 1900-06-26 quoted by Planesas, online at # https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1900/209/A00383-00384.pdf # says in its article 5 (my translation): # These dispositions will enter into force beginning with the # instant at which, according to the time indicated in article 1, # the 1st day of January of 1901 will begin. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1918 1919 - Oct 6 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 6 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Republican Spain during the civil war; it controlled Madrid until 1939-03-28. Rule Spain 1937 only - Jun 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 only - Oct 2 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 30 23:00 2:00 M Rule Spain 1938 only - Oct 2 24:00 1:00 S # The following rules are for unified Spain again. # # Planesas does not say what happened in Madrid between its fall on # 1939-03-28 and the Nationalist spring-forward transition on # 1939-04-15. For lack of better info, assume Madrid's clocks did not # change during that period. # # The first rule is commented out, as it is redundant for Republican Spain. #Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Oct 7 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1944 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - d3268 2 a3269 2 Rule Spain 1949 only - Oct 2 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=12 23:00 1:00 S d3273 2 a3274 7 Rule Spain 1977 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - # Nationalist Spain during the civil war #Rule NatSpain 1937 only - May 22 23:00 1:00 S #Rule NatSpain 1937 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - #Rule NatSpain 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00 1:00 S d3286 2 a3287 2 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:45:16 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00 d3290 1 a3290 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:38:44 d3299 1 a3299 1 -1:00 - -01 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3712 1 a3712 1 2:20 - +0220 1924 May 2 @ 1.1.1.17 log @Import tzdata2017a from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2017a.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2017a (2017-02-28 00:05:36 -0800): Briefly: Southern Chile moves from -04/-03 to -03, and Mongolia discontinues DST. Changes to future time stamps Mongolia no longer observes DST. Chile's Region of Magallanes moves from -04/-03 to -03 year-round. Changes to past time stamps Fix many entries for historical time stamps for Europe/Madrid before 1979, to agree with tables compiled by Pere Planesas of the National Astronomical Observatory of Spain. As a side effect, this changes some time stamps for Africa/Ceuta before 1929, which are probably guesswork anyway. Ecuador observed DST from 1992-11-28 to 1993-02-05. Asia/Atyrau and Asia/Oral were at +03 (not +04) before 1930-06-21. Changes to past and future time zone abbreviations Switch to numeric time zone abbreviations for South America, as part of the ongoing project of removing invented abbreviations. For Alaska time from 1900 through 1967, instead of "CAT" use the abbreviation "AST", the abbreviation commonly used at the time (Atlantic Standard Time had not been standardized yet). Use "AWT" and "APT" instead of the invented abbreviations "CAWT" and "CAPT". Use "CST" and "CDT" instead of invented abbreviations for Macau before 1999 and Taiwan before 1938, and use "JST" instead of the invented abbreviation "JCST" for Japan and Korea before 1938. Change to database entry category Move the Pacific/Johnston link from 'australasia' to 'backward', since Johnston is now uninhabited. @ text @d9 1 a9 1 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): d16 2 a17 2 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source # for time zone data was the International Air Transport d59 1 d62 17 a78 15 # the rest are variants of the "xMT" pattern for a city's mean time, # or are from other sources. Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT* NST* Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937) # 1:00 BST British Standard (1968-1971) # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899) # 1:36:34 RMT* LST* Riga, Latvian Summer (1880-1926)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 MSK MSD MDST* Moscow d478 1 a478 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT d1067 2 a1068 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 1996 d1071 3 a1073 3 -2:00 - -02 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur -02/-01 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU -01/+00 d1075 2 a1076 2 -3:00 - -03 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU -03/-02 d1491 1 a1491 1 -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s d1955 1 a1955 1 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 a2171 1 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2174 3 a2176 11 -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Apr 3 2:00 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur -01/+00 1992 Sep 27 1:00s d2178 1 a2178 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 # This Zone can be simplified once we assume zic %z. d2181 1 a2181 9 -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Apr 3 2:00 d2539 4 a2542 2 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-06): # Europe/Simferopol covers Crimea. d3235 32 a3266 58 # # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-14): # # The source for Europe/Madrid before 2013 is: # Planesas P. La hora oficial en España y sus cambios. # Anuario del Observatorio Astronómico de Madrid (2013, in Spanish). # http://astronomia.ign.es/rknowsys-theme/images/webAstro/paginas/documentos/Anuario/lahoraoficialenespana.pdf # As this source says that historical time in the Canaries is obscure, # and it does not discuss Ceuta, stick with Shanks for now for that data. # # In the 1918 and 1919 fallback transitions in Spain, the clock for # the hour-longer day officially kept going after midnight, so that # the repeated instances of that day's 00:00 hour were 24 hours apart, # with a fallback transition from the second occurrence of 00:59... to # the next day's 00:00. Our data format cannot represent this # directly, and instead repeats the first hour of the next day, with a # fallback transition from the next day's 00:59... to 00:00. # From Michael Deckers (2016-12-15): # The Royal Decree of 1900-06-26 quoted by Planesas, online at # https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1900/209/A00383-00384.pdf # says in its article 5 (my translation): # These dispositions will enter into force beginning with the # instant at which, according to the time indicated in article 1, # the 1st day of January of 1901 will begin. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1918 1919 - Oct 6 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 6 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Republican Spain during the civil war; it controlled Madrid until 1939-03-28. Rule Spain 1937 only - Jun 16 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 only - Oct 2 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1938 only - Apr 30 23:00 2:00 M Rule Spain 1938 only - Oct 2 24:00 1:00 S # The following rules are for unified Spain again. # # Planesas does not say what happened in Madrid between its fall on # 1939-03-28 and the Nationalist spring-forward transition on # 1939-04-15. For lack of better info, assume Madrid's clocks did not # change during that period. # # The first rule is commented out, as it is redundant for Republican Spain. #Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Oct 7 24:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1944 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - d3268 2 a3269 2 Rule Spain 1949 only - Oct 2 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=12 23:00 1:00 S d3273 2 a3274 7 Rule Spain 1977 only - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - # Nationalist Spain during the civil war #Rule NatSpain 1937 only - May 22 23:00 1:00 S #Rule NatSpain 1937 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 24:00s 0 - #Rule NatSpain 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00 1:00 S d3286 2 a3287 2 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:45:16 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1940 Mar 16 23:00 d3290 1 a3290 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:38:44 d3299 1 a3299 1 -1:00 - -01 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3712 1 a3712 1 2:20 - +0220 1924 May 2 @ 1.1.1.17.4.1 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #333): doc/3RDPARTY: 1.1479 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi: 1.1164 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/LICENSE: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Theory: delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/calendars: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.14 Update tzdata to 2017c. @ text @d40 1 a40 1 # . He writes: d47 1 a47 1 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html d190 1 a190 1 # https://www.winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-114/a-silent-toast-to-william-willett-by-winston-s-churchill d228 2 a229 2 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png d246 1 a246 1 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ d252 1 a252 1 # https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0 d298 1 a298 1 # https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411 a350 6 # Michael Deckers (2017-06-01) gave the following URLs for Ireland's # Summer Time Act, 1925 and Summer Time Orders, 1926 and 1947: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print.html d475 1 a475 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s # Dublin MT d478 5 a482 5 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s d628 1 a628 1 # title at https://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : d659 1 a659 1 # https://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html d786 1 a786 1 # https://news.tut.by/society/250578.html d1107 1 a1107 1 # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) d1159 1 a1159 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf d1172 1 a1172 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf d1302 1 a1302 1 # https://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/ d1527 1 a1527 1 # Model Rome's occupation by using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 d1842 1 a1842 1 # https://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html d1849 1 a1849 1 # https://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara d1921 1 a1921 1 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2002 1 a2002 1 # says that the meteorologists d2040 1 a2040 1 # https://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1 d2074 1 a2074 1 # https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf d2256 1 a2256 1 # https://rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html d2264 1 a2264 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 d2300 1 a2300 1 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will look like this: d2347 1 a2347 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 d2512 1 a2512 1 # https://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html d2584 1 a2584 1 # https://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html d2767 1 a2767 1 # https://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html d3141 2 a3142 2 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 d3463 1 a3463 1 # https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html d3540 1 a3540 1 # https://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 d3542 1 a3542 1 # https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-bir-gun-ileri-alindi-17230464 d3678 1 a3678 1 # https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ @ 1.1.1.17.4.2 log @Catch up to current for the following files, requeted by kre in ticket 513: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.15 doc/3RDPARTY 1.1496 (via patch) Import tzdata2018c. @ text @a70 1 # 1:00 IST GMT Irish Standard (1968-) with winter DST d77 2 a78 2 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), re EEC/EC/EU members: # The original six: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, a280 2 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-04): d282 6 a287 2 # Dunsink Observatory (8 km NW of Dublin's center) was to Dublin as # Greenwich was to London. For example: a290 17 # # The abbreviation DMT stood for "Dublin Mean Time" or "Dunsink Mean Time"; # this being Ireland, opinions differed. # # Whitman says Dublin/Dunsink Mean Time was UT-00:25:21, which agrees # with measurements of recent visitors to the Meridian Room of Dunsink # Observatory; see Malone D. Dunsink and timekeeping. 2016-01-24. # . Malone # writes that the Nautical Almanac listed UT-00:25:22 until 1896, when # it moved to UT-00:25:21.1 (I confirmed that the 1893 edition used # the former and the 1896 edition used the latter). Evidently the # news of this change propagated slowly, as Milne 1899 still lists # UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau. As it is # not clear that there was any practical significance to the change # from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this # transition for now and just use the latter value, omitting its # fraction since our format cannot represent fractions. a349 16 # # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-07): # The 1996 anonymous contributor's goal was to determine the correct # abbreviation for summer time in Dublin and so the contributor # focused on the "IST", not on the "Irish Summer Time". Though the # "IST" was correct, the "Irish Summer Time" appears to have been an # error, as Ireland's Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971 states that # standard time in Ireland remains at UT +01 and is observed in # summer, and that Greenwich mean time is observed in winter. (Thanks # to Derick Rethans for pointing out the error.) That is, when # Ireland amended the 1968 act that established UT +01 as Irish # Standard Time, it left standard time unchanged and established GMT # as a negative daylight saving time in winter. So, in this database # IST stands for Irish Summer Time for timestamps before 1968, and for # Irish Standard Time after that. See: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1971/act/17/enacted/en/print d353 3 a355 3 # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print a478 14 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-19): # The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. # Although currently commented out, this will need to become uncommented # once the ICU/OpenJDK workaround is removed; see below. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S #Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 GMT d481 1 a481 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s a489 14 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-18): # The next line should look like this: # 1:00 Eire IST/GMT # However, in January 2018 we discovered that the Eire rules cause # problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # To work around this problem, use a traditional approximation for # time stamps after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC, to give ICU and OpenJDK # developers breathing room to fix bugs. This approximation has # correct UTC offsets, but results in tm_isdst flags are the reverse # of what they should be. This workaround is temporary and should be # removed reasonably soon. a492 2 # End of workaround for ICU and OpenJDK bugs. d498 2 a499 3 # The following rules are for the European Union and for its # predecessor organization, the European Communities. # For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file. d932 1 a932 1 # The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973: d988 3 a990 4 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-10): # Greenland joined the European Communities as part of Denmark, # obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, and left the European Communities # on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU d1304 1 a1304 1 # [See tz-link.html for the URL.] d1401 1 a1401 1 # go with EU rules instead, since Greece joined Jan 1. d2100 1 a2100 1 # harmonized with EU rules), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. d2775 3 a2777 3 # before 1957: west part on UT+6, east on UT+7 # after 1957: UT+7 # since 1995: UT+6 a3584 11 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2017-10-28): # Turkey will go back to Daylight Saving Time starting 2018-10. # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/10/20171028-5.pdf # # From Even Scharning (2017-11-08): # ... today it was announced that the DST will become "continuous": # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yaz-saati-uygulamasi-surekli-hale-geldi-40637482 # From Paul Eggert (2017-11-08): # Although Google Translate misfires on that source, it looks like # Turkey reversed last month's decision, and so will stay at +03. @ 1.1.1.17.4.3 log @Pull up following revision(s) (requested by kre in ticket #654): doc/3RDPARTY: 1.1506 via patch external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING: up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile: up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS: up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION: up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa: up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica: up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia: up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia: up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone: up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk: up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe: up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica: up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica: up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version: up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk: up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk: up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab: up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab: up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/tzdata2netbsd: up to 1.12 Update tzdata to 2018d. @ text @d120 2 a121 2 # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. d161 1 a161 1 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°. d511 1 a511 16 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15): # In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the # Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # # To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the # following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps # after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst # flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often # suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE # values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should # not rely on it. # d513 3 a515 2 # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. It is for when # negative SAVE values are used. d536 2 a537 1 # The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used. d539 11 a549 1 # These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative. d553 1 d1537 1 a1537 1 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - d1540 1 a1540 1 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - d1542 1 a1542 1 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - d1544 1 a1544 1 Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - d1546 1 a1546 1 Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - d1548 1 a1548 1 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d1551 1 a1551 1 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d2141 1 a2141 1 d2146 3 a2148 1 # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett.... a2149 6 # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15): # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...: # These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which, # according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins, # all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ... d2232 1 a2232 1 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT d2241 1 a2241 1 -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT d2257 1 a2257 1 -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT d2595 1 a2595 1 # Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30").... d2601 1 a2601 1 # coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" > d3430 1 a3430 1 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30" d3534 1 a3534 1 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50". @ 1.1.1.17.4.4 log @Catch up to current for the following, requested by kre in ticket #809: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.2 doc/3RDPARTY 1.1520 (patch) tzdata updated to 2018e. @ text @d531 7 a537 7 Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 - d551 1 a551 1 1:00 Eire IST/GMT d553 3 a555 3 # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST a972 7 # # From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15. # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time; # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT. # d974 2 a975 2 Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - d978 2 a979 1 Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S d984 1 a984 7 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST. # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # End of rearguard section. d2019 1 a2019 1 # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted @ 1.1.1.17.4.5 log @Sync the following with current, requested by kre in ticket #1068 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/pacificnew up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/systemv up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/yearistype.sh up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl up to 1.1.1.2 doc/3RDPARTY 1.1568 (patch Import tzdata2018f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018f.tar.gz Volgograd moves from +03 to +04 on 2018-10-28. Fiji ends DST 2019-01-13, not 2019-01-20. Most of Chile changes DST dates, effective 2019-04-06. Plus corrections to North Korea's 2018-05-05 and China's April 1988 updates (getting the actual time/date of the transition correct) Corrections for Macau pre 1992, Japan in late 1940's - early 1950's, and China (Shanghai) 1940's. The Phillipines get their timezone name abbreviations back. @ text @a0 2 # tzdb data for Europe and environs d520 1 a520 1 # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps a2429 27 # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16): # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/ # # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16): # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following: # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов, # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия # единой службы времени, 1956 г. # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby. # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21): # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957. # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example, # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such # exceptions grew considerably. d2440 3 a2709 9 # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20): # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018. # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11): # The law has been published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037 d2718 1 a2718 2 3:00 - +03 2018 Oct 28 2:00s 4:00 - +04 a3426 1 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk. d3612 1 a3612 1 # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985. a3821 21 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03): # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings. # For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in # English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a # transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of # Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech # "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague" # came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something # in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that # means less disruption for our users. # # Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff, # Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in # Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an # English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker # would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as # "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do: # https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg d3823 3 a3825 1 # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev". @ 1.1.1.17.4.6 log @Sync to -current, requested by kre in ticket #1073: external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.5 doc/3RDPARTY (patch) Import tzdata2018g from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018g.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018g (2018-10-26 22:22:45 -0700): Morocco switches to permanent +01 on 2018-10-27. @ text @d3443 1 a3443 2 # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978, # except with "S" letters. @ 1.1.1.17.4.7 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #1631: external/public-domain/tz/dist/systemv delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/pacificnew delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/yearistype.sh delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.29 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.32 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.29 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl up to 1.1.1.4 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi (apply patch) doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) external/public-domain/tz/share/zoneinfo/Makefile (apply patch) Update tzdate from 2018i to 2020d @ text @d125 1 a125 1 # [This yields STDOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] d391 1 a391 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d503 1 a503 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d532 1 a532 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d541 1 a541 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d552 1 a552 1 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. d554 1 a554 1 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. a557 1 # End of rearguard section. d568 1 a568 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d608 1 a608 1 # Zone Europe/Paris ... d611 1 a611 1 # Zone Europe/Monaco ... d614 1 a614 1 # Zone Europe/Belgrade ... d660 1 a660 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d740 1 a740 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d774 1 a774 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d800 1 a800 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d807 1 a807 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d824 1 a824 5 # From Alois Triendl (2019-07-22): # In 1946 the end of DST was on Monday, 7 October 1946, at 3:00 am. # Shanks had this right. Source: Die Weltpresse, 5. Oktober 1946, page 5. # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d828 1 a828 2 Rule Austria 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - d833 1 a833 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d865 1 a865 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d878 1 a878 23 # From Michael Deckers (2019-08-25): # The exposition in the web page # https://www.bestor.be/wiki/index.php/Voyager_dans_le_temps._L%E2%80%99introduction_de_la_norme_de_Greenwich_en_Belgique # gives several contemporary sources from which one can conclude that # the switch in Europe/Brussels on 1892-05-01 was from 00:17:30 to 00:00:00. # # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # This quote helps explain the late-1914 situation: # In early November 1914, the Germans imposed the time zone used in central # Europe and forced the inhabitants to set their watches and public clocks # sixty minutes ahead. Many were reluctant to accept "German time" and # continued to use "Belgian time" among themselves. Reflecting the spirit of # resistance that arose in the population, a song made fun of this change.... # The song ended: # Putting your clock forward # Will but hasten the happy hour # When we kick out the Boches! # See: Pluvinage G. Brussels on German time. Cahiers Bruxellois - # Brusselse Cahiers. 2014;XLVI(1E):15-38. # https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-bruxellois-2014-1E-page-15.htm # # Entries from 1914 through 1917 are taken from "De tijd in België" # . d884 3 a886 1 # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for the 1918/1991 references. d890 1 a890 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d929 1 a929 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d931 1 a931 1 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 00:17:30 d950 1 a950 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d956 1 a956 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d982 1 a982 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d989 1 a989 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d996 1 a996 1 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. d1006 3 a1008 2 # the law [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... # The page https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1893/83 d1012 1 a1012 1 # https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1972/21100 d1016 1 a1016 1 # https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1974/223 d1028 1 a1028 1 # https://web.archive.org/web/20140104053304/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=60267 d1038 1 a1038 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1051 1 a1051 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1140 1 a1140 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1148 1 a1148 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1152 3 # # Use the old name Scoresbysund, as the current name Ittoqqortoormiit # exceeds tzdb's 14-letter limit and has no common English abbreviation. d1157 1 a1157 1 Zone America/Nuuk -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Godthåb d1160 1 a1160 1 Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik d1214 1 a1214 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1268 1 a1268 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1277 1 a1277 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1299 48 # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-11): # the law of 1891 # was published on 1891-03-15, so it could only take force on 1891-03-16. # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-10): # Le Gaulois, 1911-03-11, page 1/6, online at # https://www.retronews.fr/societe/echo-de-presse/2018/01/29/1911-change-lheure-de-paris # ... [ Instantly, all pressure driven clock dials halted... Nine minutes and # twenty-one seconds later the hands resumed their circular motion. ] # There are also precise reports about how the change was prepared in train # stations: all the publicly visible clocks stopped at midnight railway time # (or were covered), only the chief of service had a watch, labeled # "Heure ancienne", that he kept running until it reached 00:04:21, when # he announced "Heure nouvelle". See the "Le Petit Journal 1911-03-11". # https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6192911/f1.item.zoom # # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): # That "all French clocks stopped" for 00:09:21 is a misreading of French # newspapers; this sort of adjustment applies only to certain # remote-controlled clocks ("pendules pneumatiques", of which there existed # perhaps a dozen in Paris, and which simply could not be set back remotely), # but not to all the clocks in all French towns and villages. For instance, # the following story in the "Courrier de Saône-et-Loire" 1911-03-11, page 2: # only works if legal time was stepped back (was not monotone): ... # [One can observe that children who had been born at midnight less 5 # minutes and who had died at midnight of the old time, would turn out to # be dead before being born, time having been set back and having # suppressed 9 minutes and 25 seconds of their existence, that is, more # than they could spend.] # # From Paul Eggert (2020-06-12): # French time in railway stations was legally five minutes behind civil time, # which explains why railway "old time" ran to 00:04:21 instead of to 00:09:21. # The law's text (which Michael Deckers noted is at # ) says only that # at 1911-03-11 00:00 legal time was that of Paris mean time delayed by # nine minutes and twenty-one seconds, and does not say how the # transition from Paris mean time was to occur. # # tzdb has no way to represent stopped clocks. As the railway practice # was to keep a watch running on "old time" to decide when to restart # the other clocks, this could be modeled as a transition for "old time" at # 00:09:21. However, since the law was ambiguous and clocks outside railway # stations were probably done haphazardly with the popular impression being # that the transition was done at 00:00 "old time", simply leave the time # blank; this causes zic to default to 00:00 "old time" which is good enough. # Do something similar for the 1891-03-16 transition. There are similar # problems in Algiers, Monaco and Tunis. d1303 1 a1303 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1363 3 a1365 1 # Howse writes that the time in France was officially based d1367 3 a1369 3 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time d1398 1 a1398 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1415 1 a1415 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1443 1 a1443 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1450 1 a1450 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1474 1 a1474 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1485 12 a1496 20 # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-09): # an Austrian encyclopedia of railroads of 1913, online at # http://www.zeno.org/Roell-1912/A/Eisenbahnzeit # says that the switch [to CET] happened on 1890-11-01. # From Géza Nyáry (2020-06-07): # Data for 1918-1983 are based on the archive database of Library Hungaricana. # The dates are collected from original, scanned governmental orders, # bulletins, instructions and public press. # [See URLs below.] # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1918/?pg=238 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1919/?pg=808 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1920/?pg=201 Rule Hungary 1918 1919 - Apr 15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1918 1920 - Sep Mon>=15 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1945/?pg=882 d1498 1 a1498 2 Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1946_03/?pg=49 d1500 1 a1500 11 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1946_09/?pg=54 Rule Hungary 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KulfBelfHirek_1947_04_1__001-123/?pg=90 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DunantuliNaplo_1947_09/?pg=128 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KulfBelfHirek_1948_03_3__001-123/?pg=304 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Zala_1948_09/?pg=64 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SatoraljaujhelyiLeveltar_ZempleniNepujsag_1948/?pg=53 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SatoraljaujhelyiLeveltar_ZempleniNepujsag_1948/?pg=160 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/UjSzo_1949_01-04/?pg=102 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KeletMagyarorszag_1949_03/?pg=96 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1949_09/?pg=94 d1502 11 a1512 25 Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1954/?pg=513 Rule Hungary 1954 only - May 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1954 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1955/?pg=398 Rule Hungary 1955 only - May 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1955 only - Oct 2 3:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/HevesMegyeiNepujsag_1956_06/?pg=0 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/EszakMagyarorszag_1956_06/?pg=6 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SzolnokMegyeiNeplap_1957_04/?pg=120 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/PestMegyeiHirlap_1957_09/?pg=143 Rule Hungary 1956 1957 - Jun Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1956 1957 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=189 Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1980 only - Sep 28 1:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=1227 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1981_01/?pg=79 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1982/?pg=115 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1983/?pg=85 Rule Hungary 1981 1983 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1981 1983 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Nov 1 d1514 1 a1514 3 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1941/?pg=1204 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1942/?pg=3955 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 7 23:00 d1516 1 a1516 1 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1984 d1530 1 a1530 1 # of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavík mean solar time which d1552 1 a1552 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1572 1 a1572 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1585 19 # From Stephen Trainor (2019-05-06): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale/ORA_LEGALE_ESTIVA_IN_ITALIA.htm # ... the [1866] law went into effect on 12 December 1866, rather than # the date of the decree (22 Sep 1866) # https://web.archive.org/web/20070824155341/http://www.iav.it/planetario/didastro/didastro/english.htm # ... "In Italy in 1866 there were 6 railway times (Torino, Verona, Firenze, # Roma, Napoli, Palermo). On that year it was decided to unify them, adopting # the average time of Rome (even if this city was not yet part of the # kingdom). On the 12th December 1866, on the starting of the winter time # table, it took effect in the railways, the post office and the telegraph, # not only for the internal service but also for the public.... Milano set # the public watches on the Rome time on the same day (12th December 1866), # Torino and Bologna on the 1st January 1867, Venezia the 1st May 1880 and the # last city was Cagliari in 1886." # # From Luigi Rosa (2019-05-07): # this is the scan of the decree: # http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/filopanti/1866c.jpg # a1595 1 # [now at http://oldsite.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml as of 2017] a1609 7 # From Alois Triendl (2019-07-02): # I spent 6 Euros to buy two archive copies of Il Messaggero, a Roman paper, # for 1 and 2 April 1944. The edition of 2 April has this note: "Tonight at 2 # am, put forward the clock by one hour. Remember that in the night between # today and Monday the 'ora legale' will come in force again." That makes it # clear that in Rome the change was on Monday, 3 April 1944 at 2 am. # d1617 1 a1617 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1659 2 a1660 2 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Dec 12 d1727 1 a1727 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1735 1 a1735 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1757 9 a1765 4 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-04): # I was able to access the online archive of the Vaduz paper Vaterland ... # I could confirm from the paper that Liechtenstein did in fact follow # the same DST in 1941 and 1942 as Switzerland did. d1805 1 a1805 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1825 1 a1825 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1849 1 a1849 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1858 1 a1858 1 # North Macedonia d1866 1 a1866 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1874 1 a1874 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1939 1 a1939 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1943 1 a1943 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1957 5 a1961 18 # # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): # In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1892-05-24, online at # https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/b1c67c12c5af11b41ea888fb048e4fe8.pdf # we read: ... # [In virtue of a Sovereign Ordinance of the May 13 of the current [year], # legal time in the Principality will be set to, from the date of June 1, # 1892 onwards, to the meridian of Paris, as in France.] # In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1911-03-28, online at # https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/de74ffb7db53d4f599059fe8f0ed482a.pdf # we read an ordinance of 1911-03-16: ... # [Legal time in the Principality will be set, from the date of promulgation # of the present ordinance, to legal time in France.... Consequently, legal # time will be retarded by 9 minutes and 21 seconds.] # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1892 Jun 1 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time d2009 1 a2009 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2034 2 a2035 2 # below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2046 1 a2046 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2054 1 a2054 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2115 1 a2115 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2145 1 a2145 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2186 1 a2186 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2250 1 a2250 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2299 1 a2299 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2309 1 a2309 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a2472 6 # From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25): # Although Shanks lists 1945-01-01 as the date for transition from # +01/+02 to +02/+03, more likely this is a placeholder. Guess that # the transition occurred at 1945-04-10 00:00, which is about when # Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Triendl.) d2489 2 a2490 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 10 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1946 Apr 7 d3348 1 a3348 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3362 1 a3362 1 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # North Macedonia d3391 1 a3391 1 # The Royal Decree of 1900-07-26 quoted by Planesas, online at d3398 1 a3398 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3454 1 a3454 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3522 1 a3522 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3535 1 a3535 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3622 1 a3622 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3625 1 a3625 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a3632 55 # From Alois Treindl (2019-08-12): # http://www.astrolojidergisi.com/yazsaati.htm has researched the time zone # history of Turkey, based on newspaper archives and official documents. # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # That source (Oya Vulaş, "Türkiye'de Yaz Saati Uygulamaları") # is used for 1940/1972, where it seems more reliable than our other # sources. # From Kıvanç Yazan (2019-08-12): # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14539.pdf#page=24 # 1973-06-03 01:00 -> 02:00, 1973-11-04 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14829.pdf#page=1 # 1974-03-31 02:00 -> 03:00, 1974-11-03 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15161.pdf#page=1 # 1975-03-22 02:00 -> 03:00, 1975-11-02 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15535_1.pdf#page=1 # 1976-03-21 02:00 -> 03:00, 1976-10-31 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15778.pdf#page=5 # 1977-04-03 02:00 -> 03:00, 1977-10-16 02:00 -> 01:00, # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-04-01 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-10-14 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16245.pdf#page=17 # This cancels the previous decision, and repeats it only for 1978. # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00, 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 # (not applied due to standard TZ change below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16331.pdf#page=3 # This decision changes the default longitude for Turkish time zone from 30 # degrees East to 45 degrees East. This means a standard TZ change, from +2 # to +3. This is published & applied on 1978-06-29. At that time, Turkey was # already on summer time (already on 45E). Hence, this new law just meant an # "continuous summer time". Note that this was reversed in a few years. # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18119_1.pdf#page=1 # 1983-07-31 02:00 -> 03:00 (note that this jumps TZ to +4) # 1983-10-02 02:00 -> 01:00 (back to +3) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18561.pdf (page 1 and 34) # At this time, Turkey is still on +3 with no spring-forward on early # 1984. This decision is published on 10/31/1984. Page 1 declares # the decision of reverting the "default longitude change". So the # standard time should go back to +3 (30E). And page 34 explains when # that will happen: 1984-11-01 02:00 -> 01:00. You can think of this # as "end of continuous summer time, change of standard time zone". # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18713.pdf#page=1 # 1985-04-20 01:00 -> 02:00, 1985-09-28 02:00 -> 01:00 d3638 9 a3646 9 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf#page=2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf#page=4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf#page=15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf#page=6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf#page=1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf#page=15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf#page=1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf#page=1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf#page=10 for 1998 - 2000 d3716 1 a3716 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3730 2 a3731 2 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - d3735 4 d3743 1 a3743 1 Rule Turkey 1947 1951 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - d3745 1 a3745 1 Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S d3747 1 a3747 1 # DST for 15 months; unusual but we'll let it pass. d3749 1 a3749 1 Rule Turkey 1963 only - Oct 30 0:00 0 - d3752 2 d3755 1 a3755 1 Rule Turkey 1973 1976 - Oct Sun>=31 2:00 0 - d3757 13 a3769 9 Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1976 only - Mar 21 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1978 only - Jun 29 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 1:00s 0 - d3775 1 a3775 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3778 2 a3779 2 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Jun 29 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1984 Nov 1 2:00 d3872 8 d3881 1 a3881 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3892 1 a3892 1 # Transcarpathia used CET 1990/1991. @ 1.1.1.17.4.8 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #1676: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.34 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.28 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.21 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Update from tzdata2020d to tzdata2021a. The significant changes are: Volgograd switched to Moscow time on 2020-12-27 at 02:00. (2020e) South Sudan changes from +03 to +02 on 2021-02-01 at 00:00. (2021a) @ text @a2894 13 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2020-11-27): # The State Duma approved (Nov 24, 2020) the transition of the Volgograd # region to the Moscow time zone.... # https://sozd.duma.gov.ru/bill/1012130-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-05): # Currently proposed text for the second reading (expected on December 8) ... # changes the date to December 27. https://v1.ru/text/gorod/2020/12/04/69601031/ # # From Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-22): # The law was published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202012220002 d2904 1 a2904 2 4:00 - +04 2020 Dec 27 2:00s 3:00 - +03 @ 1.1.1.17.4.9 log @Pull up the following revisions (catch up to -current), requested by kre in ticket #1777: external/public-domain/tz/dist/SECURITY up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.33 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.38 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.28 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/calendars up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.34 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.23 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi (apply patch) doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Updata tzdata to 2022e. @ text @d71 1 d307 2 a308 1 # transition for now and just use the latter value. d501 1 d504 1 a504 25 Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Jersey -0:08:26 - LMT 1898 Jun 11 16:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Guernsey -0:10:09 - LMT 1913 Jun 18 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Isle_of_Man -0:17:55 - LMT 1883 Mar 30 0:00s d509 3 d542 1 a542 2 #STDOFF -0:25:21.1 Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 d825 1 a825 1 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-22): d967 1 a967 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d995 1 a995 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d1027 3 d1031 31 a1062 1 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland a1075 1 a1082 1 d1302 2 a1303 1 # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document). a1305 1 #STDOFF 1:39:49.2 d1496 14 d1518 1 a1518 1 Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 d1629 32 a1680 1 a1685 1 d1739 1 a1739 1 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-02): d1746 1 a1746 1 # From Paul Eggert (2021-10-05): d1751 1 a1751 4 # was effectively controlled by Germany. Using C-Eur is consistent # with Treindl's comment about Rome in April 1944, as the "Rule Italy" # lines during German occupation do not affect Europe/Rome # (though they do affect Europe/Malta). d1797 1 a1797 1 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:00u # Rome Mean a1801 6 Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino # Kosovo # See Europe/Belgrade. d1803 2 d1889 10 a1898 4 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT d1954 2 a1979 1 d1990 1 a1990 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d2006 1 a2006 1 Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta d2088 15 d2111 1 a2111 1 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica d2114 39 d2176 3 a2178 2 #STDOFF 0:19:32.13 d2188 2 a2197 1 a2205 1 Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen d2250 1 a2250 1 # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin d2252 1 a2252 1 d2306 1 d2379 3 a2381 1 # Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950; go with Shanks & Pottenger. d2383 2 a2384 2 Rule Port 1947 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1947 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - a2394 1 #STDOFF -0:36:44.68 d2403 1 a2405 5 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z. # -2:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # -1:00 Port %z 1983 Sep 25 1:00s # -1:00 W-Eur %z 1992 Sep 27 1:00s # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk. a2416 1 # End of rearguard section. d2419 1 a2421 3 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z. # -1:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk. a2430 1 # End of rearguard section. d2621 1 a2621 1 # Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Treindl.) a2779 17 # From Alois Treindl (2022-02-15): # the Russian wikipedia page # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # contains the sentence (in Google translation) "In the autumn of # 1981, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Ryazan, # Lipetsk, Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar and regions to the east # of those named (about 30 in total) parted ways with Moscow time. # However, the convenience of common time with Moscow turned out to be # decisive - in 1982, these regions again switched to Moscow time." # Shanks International atlas has similar information, and also the # Russian book Zaitsev A., Kutalev D. A new astrologer's reference # book. Coordinates of cities and time corrections, - The World of # Urania, 2012 (Russian: Зайцев А., Куталёв Д., Новый справочник # астролога. Координаты городов и временные поправки). # To me it seems that an extra zone is needed, which starts with LMT # util 1919, later follows Moscow since 1930, but deviates from it # between 1 October 1981 until 1 April 1982. d2781 1 a2781 2 # # From Paul Eggert (2022-02-15): d2828 1 a2828 1 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 20 d2831 3 a2833 3 # From Paul Eggert (2022-07-21): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reported that central Crimea switched # from Kyiv to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. d2837 4 a2840 4 # changed in May. This change evidently didn't last long; see below. 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1994 May # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also said that Kerch is still like Kyiv. 3:00 C-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s d2842 1 a2842 1 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) said Crimea switched to EET/EEST. d2844 1 d2849 4 a2852 8 # From Tim Parenti (2022-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): # The clocks at the railway station in Simferopol were put forward from 22:00 # to 24:00 the previous day in a "symbolic ceremony"; however, per # contemporaneous news reports, "ordinary Crimeans [made] the daylight savings # time switch at 2am" on Sunday. # https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/crimea-to-set-clocks-to-russia-time-114033000014_1.html # https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-crimea-time/crimea-switches-to-moscow-time-amid-incorporation-frenzy-idUKBREA2S0LT20140329 # https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-26806583 d3013 1 a3013 1 # Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9. a3017 1 #STDOFF 4:02:32.9 d3329 2 a3330 2 # From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21): # Tomponsky and Ust-Maysky switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time d3455 2 a3456 2 # From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21): # Oymyakonsky and the Kuril Islands switched from d3523 5 d3530 1 a3530 1 Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava d3533 1 a3533 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d3619 1 a3619 1 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u d3623 1 a3623 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u d3641 45 a3785 13 # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): # Büsingen , surrounded by the Swiss canton # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. # # Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 # # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): # Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. a3793 2 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen a4001 21 # From Alois Treindl (2014-03-01): # REGULATION A N O V A on March 20, 1992 N 139 ... means that from # 1992 on, Ukraine had DST with begin time at 02:00 am, on last Sunday # in March, and end time 03:00 am, last Sunday in September.... # CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE RESOLUTION on May 13, 1996 N 509 # "On the order of computation time on the territory of Ukraine" .... # As this cabinet decision is from May 1996, it seems likely that the # transition in March 1996, which predates it, was still at 2:00 am # and not at 3:00 as would have been under EU rules. # This is why I have set the change to EU rules into May 1996, # so that the change in March is stil covered by the Ukraine rule. # The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules.... # TZ database holds three other zones for Ukraine.... I have not yet # worked out the consequences for these three zones, as we (me and my # US colleague David Cochrane) are still trying to get more # information upon these local deviations from Kiev rules. # # From Paul Eggert (2022-08-27): # For now, assume that Ukraine's zones all followed the same rules, # except that Crimea switched to Moscow time in 1994 as described elsewhere. d4041 1 a4041 1 # From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kyiv time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): d4069 17 a4085 3 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Kyiv 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kyiv Mean Time d4091 28 a4118 1 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1996 May 13 @ 1.1.1.17.4.10 log @Pull up the following, requested by kry in ticket #1928: external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.37 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.44 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.36 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.32 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.38 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.34 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.27 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi (apply patch) doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Update tzdata to tzdata2023dgtz. @ text @d543 3 a545 1 # suffices.... d985 1 a985 1 # Bosnia & Herzegovina d1031 1 a1031 1 # Czech Republic (Czechia) d1059 2 a1060 1 # Denmark a1082 2 # Faroe Is # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1085 2 # Greenland a1163 10 # From Jonas Nyrup (2022-11-24): # On last Saturday in October 2023 when DST ends America/Nuuk will switch # from -03/-02 to -02/-01 # https://sermitsiaq.ag/forslagtidsforskel-danmark-mindskes-sommertid-beholdes # ... # https://sermitsiaq.ag/groenland-skifte-tidszone-trods-bekymringer # # From Jürgen Appel (2022-11-25): # https://ina.gl/samlinger/oversigt-over-samlinger/samling/dagsordener/dagsorden.aspx?lang=da&day=24-11-2022 a1164 29 # From Thomas M. Steenholdt (2022-12-02): # - The bill to move America/Nuuk from UTC-03 to UTC-02 passed. # - The bill to stop observing DST did not (Greenland will stop observing DST # when EU does). # Details on the implementation are here (section 6): # https://ina.gl/dvd/EM%202022/pdf/media/2553529/pkt17_em2022_tidens_bestemmelse_bem_da.pdf # This is how the change will be implemented: # 1. The shift *to* DST in 2023 happens as normal. # 2. The shift *from* DST in 2023 happens as normal, but coincides with the # shift to UTC-02 normaltime (people will not change their clocks here). # 3. After this, DST is still observed, but as -02/-01 instead of -03/-02. # # From Múte Bourup Egede via Jógvan Svabo Samuelsen (2023-03-15): # Greenland will not switch to Daylight Saving Time this year, 2023, # because the standard time for Greenland will change from UTC -3 to UTC -2. # However, Greenland will change to Daylight Saving Time again in 2024 # and onwards. # From a contributor who wishes to remain anonymous for now (2023-10-29): # https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/seneste/i-nat-skal-uret-stilles-en-time-tilbage-men-foerste-gang-sker-det-ikke-i-groenland # with a link to that page: # https://naalakkersuisut.gl/Nyheder/2023/10/2710_sommertid # ... Ittoqqortoormiit joins the time of Nuuk at March 2024. # What would mean that America/Scoresbysund would either be in -01 year round # or in -02/-01 like America/Nuuk, but no longer in -01/+00. # # From Paul Eggert (2023-10-29): # For now, assume it will be like America/Nuuk. d1184 1 a1184 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU -02/-01 d1187 1 a1187 3 -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - -02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU -02/-01 d1314 1 a1471 46 # From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From # and # ). The law/regulation # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From # ) I have not been # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): # # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was # keeping Berlin time. # # says that the meteorologists # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite # frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. # # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an # Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says # ). The Svalbard FAQ # says that the Germans were # expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, # and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) # http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin # for these regions. d1476 3 a1478 3 # https://www.ptb.de/cms/en/ptb/fachabteilungen/abt4/fb-44/ag-441/realisation-of-legal-time-in-germany/dst-and-midsummer-dst-in-germany-until-1979.html # says the following transition occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ # given in Shanks & Pottenger. Go with the PTB. d1496 1 d1641 1 d1761 3 d1768 1 d1857 1 d2114 47 d2436 1 a2436 1 # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 d2846 1 a2846 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s d2848 3 a2850 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK 2018 Oct 28 2:00s d2852 1 a2852 1 3:00 - MSK d2883 1 a2883 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s d2885 3 a2887 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK d3442 1 d3444 1 a3444 1 Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino d3698 2 a3699 1 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen d3904 1 d3919 5 a3923 1 # The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules. d4008 1 a4008 2 Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican @ 1.1.1.17.4.11 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #1935: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.38 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.45 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.37 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.33 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.39 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.35 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.1.1.2 doc/3RDPARTY apply patch Updated tzdata to 2024a @ text @d1031 2 a1032 18 # From Ivan Benovic (2024-01-30): # https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1946/54/ # (This is an official link to the Czechoslovak Summer Time Act of # March 8, 1946 that authorizes the Czechoslovak government to set the # exact dates of change to summer time and back to Central European Time. # The act also implicitly confirms Central European Time as the # official time zone of Czechoslovakia and currently remains in force # in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia.) # https://www.psp.cz/eknih/1945pns/tisky/t0216_00.htm # (This is a link to the original legislative proposal dating back to # February 22, 1946. The accompanying memorandum to the proposal says # that an advisory committee on European railroad transportation that # met in Brussels in October 1945 decided that the change of time # should be carried out in all participating countries in a strictly # coordinated manner....) # # From Paul Eggert (2024-01-30): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. a1033 9 # Its main text disagrees with its quoted sources only in 1918, # where the main text says spring and autumn transitions # occurred at 02:00 and 03:00 respectively (as usual), # whereas the 1918 source "Oznámení o zavedení letního času v roce 1918" # says transitions were at 01:00 and 02:00 respectively. # As the 1918 source appears to be a humorous piece, and it is # unlikely that Prague would have disagreed with its neighbors by an hour, # go with the main text for now. # @ 1.1.1.18 log @Import tzdata2017c from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2017c.tar.gz Northern Cyprus switches from +03 to +02/+03 on 2017-10-29. Fiji ends DST 2018-01-14, not 2018-01-21. Namibia switches from +01/+02 to +02 on 2018-04-01. Sudan switches from +03 to +02 on 2017-11-01. Tonga likely switches from +13/+14 to +13 on 2017-11-05. Turks & Caicos switches from -04 to -05/-04 on 2018-11-04. Some corrections to (mostly ancient) historical data. @ text @d40 1 a40 1 # . He writes: d47 1 a47 1 # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-August/021320.html d190 1 a190 1 # https://www.winstonchurchill.org/publications/finest-hour/finest-hour-114/a-silent-toast-to-william-willett-by-winston-s-churchill d228 2 a229 2 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ho-19410421.png d246 1 a246 1 # https://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ d252 1 a252 1 # https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo970611/text/70611-10.htm#70611-10_head0 d298 1 a298 1 # https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/dublin-lost-its-time-zone-and-25-minutes-after-1916-rising-1.1977411 a350 6 # Michael Deckers (2017-06-01) gave the following URLs for Ireland's # Summer Time Act, 1925 and Summer Time Orders, 1926 and 1947: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print.html # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print.html d475 1 a475 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s # Dublin MT d478 5 a482 5 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00s 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00s 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00s d628 1 a628 1 # title at https://base.garant.ru/70754136/ : d659 1 a659 1 # https://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html d786 1 a786 1 # https://news.tut.by/society/250578.html d1107 1 a1107 1 # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) d1159 1 a1159 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf d1172 1 a1172 1 # https://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf d1302 1 a1302 1 # https://www.dhm.de/lemo/html/biografien/BersarinNikolai/ d1527 1 a1527 1 # Model Rome's occupation by using C-Eur rules from 1943-09-10 d1842 1 a1842 1 # https://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html d1849 1 a1849 1 # https://www.trm.md/en/social/la-30-martie-vom-trece-la-ora-de-vara d1921 1 a1921 1 # https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/wettijd/wettijd.htm d2002 1 a2002 1 # says that the meteorologists d2040 1 a2040 1 # https://www.astro.uni.torun.pl/~kb/Artykuly/U-PA/Czas2.htm#tth_tAb1 d2074 1 a2074 1 # https://dre.pt/application/dir/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf d2256 1 a2256 1 # https://rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html d2264 1 a2264 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 d2300 1 a2300 1 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will look like this: d2347 1 a2347 1 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 d2512 1 a2512 1 # https://izhevsk.ru/forum_light_message/50/682597-m8369040.html d2584 1 a2584 1 # https://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html d2767 1 a2767 1 # https://regnum.ru/news/society/1957270.html d3141 2 a3142 2 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 d3463 1 a3463 1 # https://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html d3540 1 a3540 1 # https://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 d3542 1 a3542 1 # https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/yaz-saati-uygulamasi-bir-gun-ileri-alindi-17230464 d3678 1 a3678 1 # https://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ @ 1.1.1.19 log @Import tzdata2018c from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018c.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018c (2018-01-22 23:00:44 -0800): Summary of changes in tzdata2018b (2018-01-17 23:24:48 -0800): Summary of changes in tzdata2018a (2018-01-12 22:29:21 -0800): 2018a and 2018b were (kind of) released, but never announced. Some "issues" were found with them that caused the relatively quick updates... The updates are from the previous version (2017c) to the current one (2018c) - that 2018a & 2018b intervened is best forgotten... (changes in 2018a that were corrected (2018b) or reverted (2018c) are not mentioned). Briefly: Sao Tome and Principe (An island nation off west coast of Equatorial Africa) switched from +00 to +01. Brazil's DST will now start on November's first Sunday. Use Debian-style installation locations, instead of 4.3BSD-style. (this does not affect NetBSD, we do not use the tzdata Makefile) Changes to past and future time stamps Sao Tome and Principe switched from +00 to +01 on 2018-01-01 at 01:00. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen and Michael Deckers.) Changes to future time stamps Starting in 2018 southern Brazil will begin DST on November's first Sunday instead of October's third Sunday. (Thanks to Steffen Thorsen.) Changes to past time stamps Japanese DST transitions (1948-1951) were Sundays at 00:00, not Saturdays or Sundays at 02:00. (Thanks to Takayuki Nikai.) A discrepancy of 4 s in timestamps before 1931 in South Sudan has been corrected. The 'backzone' and 'zone.tab' files did not agree with the 'africa' and 'zone1970.tab' files. (Problem reported by Michael Deckers.) The abbreviation invented for Bolivia Summer Time (1931-2) is now BST instead of BOST, to be more consistent with the convention used for Latvian Summer Time (1918-9) and for British Summer Time. @ text @a70 1 # 1:00 IST GMT Irish Standard (1968-) with winter DST d77 2 a78 2 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), re EEC/EC/EU members: # The original six: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, a280 2 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-04): d282 6 a287 2 # Dunsink Observatory (8 km NW of Dublin's center) was to Dublin as # Greenwich was to London. For example: a290 17 # # The abbreviation DMT stood for "Dublin Mean Time" or "Dunsink Mean Time"; # this being Ireland, opinions differed. # # Whitman says Dublin/Dunsink Mean Time was UT-00:25:21, which agrees # with measurements of recent visitors to the Meridian Room of Dunsink # Observatory; see Malone D. Dunsink and timekeeping. 2016-01-24. # . Malone # writes that the Nautical Almanac listed UT-00:25:22 until 1896, when # it moved to UT-00:25:21.1 (I confirmed that the 1893 edition used # the former and the 1896 edition used the latter). Evidently the # news of this change propagated slowly, as Milne 1899 still lists # UT-00:25:22 and cites the International Telegraph Bureau. As it is # not clear that there was any practical significance to the change # from UT-00:25:22 to UT-00:25:21.1 in civil timekeeping, omit this # transition for now and just use the latter value, omitting its # fraction since our format cannot represent fractions. a349 16 # # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-07): # The 1996 anonymous contributor's goal was to determine the correct # abbreviation for summer time in Dublin and so the contributor # focused on the "IST", not on the "Irish Summer Time". Though the # "IST" was correct, the "Irish Summer Time" appears to have been an # error, as Ireland's Standard Time (Amendment) Act, 1971 states that # standard time in Ireland remains at UT +01 and is observed in # summer, and that Greenwich mean time is observed in winter. (Thanks # to Derick Rethans for pointing out the error.) That is, when # Ireland amended the 1968 act that established UT +01 as Irish # Standard Time, it left standard time unchanged and established GMT # as a negative daylight saving time in winter. So, in this database # IST stands for Irish Summer Time for timestamps before 1968, and for # Irish Standard Time after that. See: # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1971/act/17/enacted/en/print d353 3 a355 3 # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1925/act/8/enacted/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1926/sro/919/made/en/print # http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1947/sro/71/made/en/print a478 14 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-19): # The following is like GB-Eire and EU, except with standard time in # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. # Although currently commented out, this will need to become uncommented # once the ICU/OpenJDK workaround is removed; see below. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S #Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 IST #Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 GMT #Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 GMT d481 1 a481 1 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00s a489 14 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-18): # The next line should look like this: # 1:00 Eire IST/GMT # However, in January 2018 we discovered that the Eire rules cause # problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # To work around this problem, use a traditional approximation for # time stamps after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC, to give ICU and OpenJDK # developers breathing room to fix bugs. This approximation has # correct UTC offsets, but results in tm_isdst flags are the reverse # of what they should be. This workaround is temporary and should be # removed reasonably soon. a492 2 # End of workaround for ICU and OpenJDK bugs. d498 2 a499 3 # The following rules are for the European Union and for its # predecessor organization, the European Communities. # For brevity they are called "EU rules" elsewhere in this file. d932 1 a932 1 # The EU [actually, EEC and Euratom] treaty with effect from 1973: d988 3 a990 4 # From Paul Eggert (2017-12-10): # Greenland joined the European Communities as part of Denmark, # obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, and left the European Communities # on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU d1304 1 a1304 1 # [See tz-link.html for the URL.] d1401 1 a1401 1 # go with EU rules instead, since Greece joined Jan 1. d2100 1 a2100 1 # harmonized with EU rules), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. d2775 3 a2777 3 # before 1957: west part on UT+6, east on UT+7 # after 1957: UT+7 # since 1995: UT+6 a3584 11 # From Kıvanç Yazan (2017-10-28): # Turkey will go back to Daylight Saving Time starting 2018-10. # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2017/10/20171028-5.pdf # # From Even Scharning (2017-11-08): # ... today it was announced that the DST will become "continuous": # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yaz-saati-uygulamasi-surekli-hale-geldi-40637482 # From Paul Eggert (2017-11-08): # Although Google Translate misfires on that source, it looks like # Turkey reversed last month's decision, and so will stay at +03. @ 1.1.1.19.2.1 log @Resolve conflicts between branch and HEAD @ text @d120 2 a121 2 # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. d161 1 a161 1 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°. d511 1 a511 16 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15): # In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the # Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # # To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the # following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps # after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst # flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often # suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE # values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should # not rely on it. # d513 3 a515 2 # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. It is for when # negative SAVE values are used. d536 2 a537 1 # The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used. d539 11 a549 1 # These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative. d553 1 d1537 1 a1537 1 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - d1540 1 a1540 1 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - d1542 1 a1542 1 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - d1544 1 a1544 1 Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - d1546 1 a1546 1 Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - d1548 1 a1548 1 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d1551 1 a1551 1 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d2141 1 a2141 1 d2146 3 a2148 1 # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett.... a2149 6 # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15): # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...: # These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which, # according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins, # all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ... d2232 1 a2232 1 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT d2241 1 a2241 1 -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT d2257 1 a2257 1 -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT d2595 1 a2595 1 # Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30").... d2601 1 a2601 1 # coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" > d3430 1 a3430 1 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30" d3534 1 a3534 1 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50". @ 1.1.1.19.2.2 log @Sync with HEAD @ text @d531 7 a537 7 Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 - d551 1 a551 1 1:00 Eire IST/GMT d553 3 a555 3 # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST a972 7 # # From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15. # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time; # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT. # d974 2 a975 2 Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - d978 2 a979 1 Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S d984 1 a984 7 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST. # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # End of rearguard section. d2019 1 a2019 1 # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted @ 1.1.1.19.2.3 log @Sync with head @ text @a0 2 # tzdb data for Europe and environs d520 1 a520 1 # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps a2429 27 # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16): # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/ # # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16): # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following: # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов, # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия # единой службы времени, 1956 г. # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby. # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21): # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957. # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example, # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such # exceptions grew considerably. d2440 3 a2709 9 # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20): # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018. # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11): # The law has been published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037 d2718 1 a2718 2 3:00 - +03 2018 Oct 28 2:00s 4:00 - +04 a3426 1 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk. d3612 1 a3612 1 # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985. a3821 21 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03): # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings. # For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in # English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a # transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of # Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech # "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague" # came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something # in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that # means less disruption for our users. # # Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff, # Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in # Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an # English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker # would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as # "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do: # https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg d3823 3 a3825 1 # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev". @ 1.1.1.19.2.4 log @Sync with HEAD, resolve a couple of conflicts @ text @d3443 1 a3443 2 # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978, # except with "S" letters. @ 1.1.1.20 log @Import tzdata2018d from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018d.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018d (2018-03-22 07:05:46 -0700): In 2018, Palestine starts DST on March 24 (today!), not March 31 Casey Station in Antarctica changed from +11 to +08 on 2018-03-11 at 04:00. Various adjustments to some historical conversions (several for Uruguay (1920 .. 1990), one fpr Enderbury and Kiritimati (1994/5), one for Portugal and colonies (1912) and Jamaica and Turks & Caicos (pre 1913)). @ text @d120 2 a121 2 # position is 51° 28' 30" N, 0° 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about ±2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. d161 1 a161 1 # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30°. d511 1 a511 16 # From Paul Eggert (2018-02-15): # In January 2018 we discovered that the negative SAVE values in the # Eire rules cause problems with tests for ICU: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025825.html # and with tests for OpenJDK: # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html # # To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the # following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps # after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst # flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often # suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE # values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should # not rely on it. # d513 3 a515 2 # summer and negative daylight saving time in winter. It is for when # negative SAVE values are used. d536 2 a537 1 # The next line is for when negative SAVE values are used. d539 11 a549 1 # These three lines are for when SAVE values are always nonnegative. d553 1 d1537 1 a1537 1 Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - d1540 1 a1540 1 Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - d1542 1 a1542 1 Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - d1544 1 a1544 1 Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - d1546 1 a1546 1 Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - d1548 1 a1548 1 Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d1551 1 a1551 1 Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - d2141 1 a2141 1 d2146 3 a2148 1 # Round the old offset to -0:36:45. This agrees with Willett.... a2149 6 # From Michael Deckers (2018-02-15): # article 5 [of the 1911 decree; Deckers's translation] ...: # These dispositions shall enter into force at the instant at which, # according to the 2nd article, the civil day January 1, 1912 begins, # all clocks therefore having to be advanced or set back correspondingly ... d2232 1 a2232 1 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 0:00u # Lisbon MT d2241 1 a2241 1 -1:54:32 - HMT 1912 Jan 1 2:00u # Horta MT d2257 1 a2257 1 -1:07:36 - FMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u # Funchal MT d2595 1 a2595 1 # Observatory (coordinates: 55° 45' 29.70", 37° 34' 05.30").... d2601 1 a2601 1 # coordinates: 59° 46' 18.70", 30° 19' 40.70") so 30° 19' 40.70" > d3430 1 a3430 1 # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18° 03' 30" d3534 1 a3534 1 # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7° 26' 22.50". @ 1.1.1.21 log @Import tzdata2018e from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018e.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018e (2018-05-01 23:42:51 -0700): News for the tz database Release 2018e - 2018-05-01 23:42:51 -0700 North Korea switches back to +09 on 2018-05-05 (tomorrow!) @ text @d531 7 a537 7 Rule Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u -1:00 - Rule Eire 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u -1:00 - d551 1 a551 1 1:00 Eire IST/GMT d553 3 a555 3 # 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u # 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 # 0:00 EU GMT/IST a972 7 # # From Paul Eggert (2018-04-15): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. 2018-04-15. # https://kalendar.beda.cz/kdy-zacina-a-konci-letni-cas # We know of no English-language name for historical Czech winter time; # abbreviate it as "GMT", as it happened to be GMT. # d974 2 a975 2 Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - d978 2 a979 1 Rule Czech 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S d984 1 a984 7 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 9 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1946 Dec 1 3:00 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1:00 -1:00 GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers that do not support negative DST. # 0:00 - GMT 1947 Feb 23 2:00 # End of rearguard section. d2019 1 a2019 1 # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13, but the .13 is omitted @ 1.1.1.21.2.1 log @Sync with HEAD @ text @a0 2 # tzdb data for Europe and environs d520 1 a520 1 # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps d1856 1 a1856 1 # North Macedonia a2429 27 # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16): # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/ # # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16): # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following: # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов, # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия # единой службы времени, 1956 г. # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby. # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21): # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957. # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example, # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such # exceptions grew considerably. d2440 3 a2709 9 # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20): # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018. # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11): # The law has been published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037 d2718 1 a2718 2 3:00 - +03 2018 Oct 28 2:00s 4:00 - +04 d3326 1 a3326 1 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # North Macedonia d3407 1 a3407 2 # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978, # except with "S" letters. a3426 1 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk. d3612 1 a3612 1 # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985. a3821 21 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03): # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings. # For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in # English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a # transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of # Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech # "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague" # came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something # in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that # means less disruption for our users. # # Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff, # Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in # Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an # English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker # would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as # "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do: # https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg d3823 3 a3825 1 # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev". @ 1.1.1.21.2.2 log @Mostly merge changes from HEAD upto 20200411 @ text @d125 1 a125 1 # [This yields STDOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] d503 1 a503 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d541 1 a541 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d740 1 a740 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d800 1 a800 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d807 1 a807 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a823 4 # From Alois Triendl (2019-07-22): # In 1946 the end of DST was on Monday, 7 October 1946, at 3:00 am. # Shanks had this right. Source: Die Weltpresse, 5. Oktober 1946, page 5. d828 1 a828 2 Rule Austria 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - d833 1 a833 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d865 1 a865 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d878 1 a878 23 # From Michael Deckers (2019-08-25): # The exposition in the web page # https://www.bestor.be/wiki/index.php/Voyager_dans_le_temps._L%E2%80%99introduction_de_la_norme_de_Greenwich_en_Belgique # gives several contemporary sources from which one can conclude that # the switch in Europe/Brussels on 1892-05-01 was from 00:17:30 to 00:00:00. # # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # This quote helps explain the late-1914 situation: # In early November 1914, the Germans imposed the time zone used in central # Europe and forced the inhabitants to set their watches and public clocks # sixty minutes ahead. Many were reluctant to accept "German time" and # continued to use "Belgian time" among themselves. Reflecting the spirit of # resistance that arose in the population, a song made fun of this change.... # The song ended: # Putting your clock forward # Will but hasten the happy hour # When we kick out the Boches! # See: Pluvinage G. Brussels on German time. Cahiers Bruxellois - # Brusselse Cahiers. 2014;XLVI(1E):15-38. # https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-bruxellois-2014-1E-page-15.htm # # Entries from 1914 through 1917 are taken from "De tijd in België" # . d884 3 a886 1 # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for the 1918/1991 references. d929 1 a929 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d931 1 a931 1 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 00:17:30 d956 1 a956 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d989 1 a989 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1051 1 a1051 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1148 1 a1148 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1214 1 a1214 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1277 1 a1277 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1367 1 a1367 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1415 1 a1415 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1443 1 a1443 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1474 1 a1474 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1511 1 a1511 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1572 1 a1572 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1585 19 # From Stephen Trainor (2019-05-06): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale/ORA_LEGALE_ESTIVA_IN_ITALIA.htm # ... the [1866] law went into effect on 12 December 1866, rather than # the date of the decree (22 Sep 1866) # https://web.archive.org/web/20070824155341/http://www.iav.it/planetario/didastro/didastro/english.htm # ... "In Italy in 1866 there were 6 railway times (Torino, Verona, Firenze, # Roma, Napoli, Palermo). On that year it was decided to unify them, adopting # the average time of Rome (even if this city was not yet part of the # kingdom). On the 12th December 1866, on the starting of the winter time # table, it took effect in the railways, the post office and the telegraph, # not only for the internal service but also for the public.... Milano set # the public watches on the Rome time on the same day (12th December 1866), # Torino and Bologna on the 1st January 1867, Venezia the 1st May 1880 and the # last city was Cagliari in 1886." # # From Luigi Rosa (2019-05-07): # this is the scan of the decree: # http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/filopanti/1866c.jpg # a1595 1 # [now at http://oldsite.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml as of 2017] a1609 7 # From Alois Triendl (2019-07-02): # I spent 6 Euros to buy two archive copies of Il Messaggero, a Roman paper, # for 1 and 2 April 1944. The edition of 2 April has this note: "Tonight at 2 # am, put forward the clock by one hour. Remember that in the night between # today and Monday the 'ora legale' will come in force again." That makes it # clear that in Rome the change was on Monday, 3 April 1944 at 2 am. # d1659 2 a1660 2 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Dec 12 d1735 1 a1735 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1757 9 a1765 4 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-04): # I was able to access the online archive of the Vaduz paper Vaterland ... # I could confirm from the paper that Liechtenstein did in fact follow # the same DST in 1941 and 1942 as Switzerland did. d1805 1 a1805 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1849 1 a1849 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1874 1 a1874 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1943 1 a1943 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1959 1 a1959 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2034 2 a2035 2 # below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2054 1 a2054 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2145 1 a2145 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2250 1 a2250 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2309 1 a2309 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a2472 6 # From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25): # Although Shanks lists 1945-01-01 as the date for transition from # +01/+02 to +02/+03, more likely this is a placeholder. Guess that # the transition occurred at 1945-04-10 00:00, which is about when # Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Triendl.) d2489 2 a2490 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 10 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1946 Apr 7 d3348 1 a3348 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3454 1 a3454 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3522 1 a3522 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3625 1 a3625 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a3632 55 # From Alois Treindl (2019-08-12): # http://www.astrolojidergisi.com/yazsaati.htm has researched the time zone # history of Turkey, based on newspaper archives and official documents. # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # That source (Oya Vulaş, "Türkiye'de Yaz Saati Uygulamaları") # is used for 1940/1972, where it seems more reliable than our other # sources. # From Kıvanç Yazan (2019-08-12): # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14539.pdf#page=24 # 1973-06-03 01:00 -> 02:00, 1973-11-04 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14829.pdf#page=1 # 1974-03-31 02:00 -> 03:00, 1974-11-03 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15161.pdf#page=1 # 1975-03-22 02:00 -> 03:00, 1975-11-02 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15535_1.pdf#page=1 # 1976-03-21 02:00 -> 03:00, 1976-10-31 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15778.pdf#page=5 # 1977-04-03 02:00 -> 03:00, 1977-10-16 02:00 -> 01:00, # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-04-01 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-10-14 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16245.pdf#page=17 # This cancels the previous decision, and repeats it only for 1978. # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00, 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 # (not applied due to standard TZ change below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16331.pdf#page=3 # This decision changes the default longitude for Turkish time zone from 30 # degrees East to 45 degrees East. This means a standard TZ change, from +2 # to +3. This is published & applied on 1978-06-29. At that time, Turkey was # already on summer time (already on 45E). Hence, this new law just meant an # "continuous summer time". Note that this was reversed in a few years. # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18119_1.pdf#page=1 # 1983-07-31 02:00 -> 03:00 (note that this jumps TZ to +4) # 1983-10-02 02:00 -> 01:00 (back to +3) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18561.pdf (page 1 and 34) # At this time, Turkey is still on +3 with no spring-forward on early # 1984. This decision is published on 10/31/1984. Page 1 declares # the decision of reverting the "default longitude change". So the # standard time should go back to +3 (30E). And page 34 explains when # that will happen: 1984-11-01 02:00 -> 01:00. You can think of this # as "end of continuous summer time, change of standard time zone". # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18713.pdf#page=1 # 1985-04-20 01:00 -> 02:00, 1985-09-28 02:00 -> 01:00 d3638 9 a3646 9 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf#page=2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf#page=4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf#page=15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf#page=6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf#page=1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf#page=15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf#page=1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf#page=1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf#page=10 for 1998 - 2000 d3730 2 a3731 2 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - d3735 4 d3743 1 a3743 1 Rule Turkey 1947 1951 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - d3745 1 a3745 1 Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S d3747 1 a3747 1 # DST for 15 months; unusual but we'll let it pass. d3749 1 a3749 1 Rule Turkey 1963 only - Oct 30 0:00 0 - d3752 2 d3755 1 a3755 1 Rule Turkey 1973 1976 - Oct Sun>=31 2:00 0 - d3757 13 a3769 9 Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1976 only - Mar 21 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1978 only - Jun 29 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 1:00s 0 - d3775 1 a3775 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3778 2 a3779 2 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Jun 29 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1984 Nov 1 2:00 d3872 8 d3881 1 a3881 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @ 1.1.1.22 log @Import tzdata2018f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018f.tar.gz Volgograd moves from +03 to +04 on 2018-10-28. Fiji ends DST 2019-01-13, not 2019-01-20. Most of Chile changes DST dates, effective 2019-04-06. Plus corrections to North Korea's 2018-05-05 and China's April 1988 updates (getting the actual time/date of the transition correct) Corrections for Macau pre 1992, Japan in late 1940's - early 1950's, and China (Shanghai) 1940's. The Phillipines get their timezone name abbreviations back. @ text @a0 2 # tzdb data for Europe and environs d520 1 a520 1 # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps a2429 27 # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16): # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/ # # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16): # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following: # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов, # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия # единой службы времени, 1956 г. # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby. # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21): # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957. # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example, # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such # exceptions grew considerably. d2440 3 a2709 9 # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20): # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018. # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11): # The law has been published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037 d2718 1 a2718 2 3:00 - +03 2018 Oct 28 2:00s 4:00 - +04 a3426 1 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk. d3612 1 a3612 1 # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985. a3821 21 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03): # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings. # For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in # English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a # transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of # Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech # "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague" # came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something # in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that # means less disruption for our users. # # Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff, # Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in # Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an # English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker # would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as # "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do: # https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg d3823 3 a3825 1 # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev". @ 1.1.1.23 log @Import tzdata2018g from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2018g.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2018g (2018-10-26 22:22:45 -0700): Morocco switches to permanent +01 on 2018-10-27. @ text @d3443 1 a3443 2 # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978, # except with "S" letters. @ 1.1.1.24 log @Import tzdata2019a from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2019a.tar.gz Release 20198 - 2019-03-25 22:01:33 -0700 Briefly: Palestine summer time starts on 2019-03-30 instead of 2019-03-23. Metlakatla switched back to rejoin Alaska Time on 2019-01-20 at 02:00. Israel observed summer time in 1980 (08-02/09-13) and 1984 (05-05/08-25). Etc/UCT is now a backward-compatibility link to Etc/UTC, instead of being a separate zone that generates the abbreviation "UCT". @ text @d1858 1 a1858 1 # North Macedonia d3362 1 a3362 1 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # North Macedonia @ 1.1.1.24.2.1 log @Pull up the following revisions, requested by kre in ticket #468: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.28 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/pacificnew up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/systemv up to 1.1.1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl up to 1.1.1.3 doc/3RDPARTY 1.1655 (patch) Import tzdata2019c from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2019c.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2019c (2019-09-11 08:59:48 -0700): Fiji observes DST from 2019-11-10 to 2020-01-12 Norfolk Island starts observing Australian-style DST Plus historic corrections to time in Turkey (1940-85) South Korea (1948-51) Detroit (US) (1967-8), Perry County (Indiana, US) (pre 1970) Edmonton (CA) (1967, 1969) Vancouver (CA) (1946), Vienna (AT) (1946), Kaliningrad (1945-6). Louisville (US) (1946-50). Brussles (BE) (1892). Hong Kong Winter Time (1941) now listed as being "DST". Summary of changes in tzdata2019b (2019-07-01 00:09:53 -0700): Brazil no longer observes DST Predictions for Morocco extended to 2087. Panestine (March 2019) time zone change date corrected (and guesses for future transitions revised). Historic updates: Honk Kong (1941 - 1947), Italy (1866). @ text @d125 1 a125 1 # [This yields STDOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] d503 1 a503 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d541 1 a541 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d740 1 a740 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d800 1 a800 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d807 1 a807 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a823 4 # From Alois Triendl (2019-07-22): # In 1946 the end of DST was on Monday, 7 October 1946, at 3:00 am. # Shanks had this right. Source: Die Weltpresse, 5. Oktober 1946, page 5. d828 1 a828 2 Rule Austria 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - d833 1 a833 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d865 1 a865 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d878 1 a878 23 # From Michael Deckers (2019-08-25): # The exposition in the web page # https://www.bestor.be/wiki/index.php/Voyager_dans_le_temps._L%E2%80%99introduction_de_la_norme_de_Greenwich_en_Belgique # gives several contemporary sources from which one can conclude that # the switch in Europe/Brussels on 1892-05-01 was from 00:17:30 to 00:00:00. # # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # This quote helps explain the late-1914 situation: # In early November 1914, the Germans imposed the time zone used in central # Europe and forced the inhabitants to set their watches and public clocks # sixty minutes ahead. Many were reluctant to accept "German time" and # continued to use "Belgian time" among themselves. Reflecting the spirit of # resistance that arose in the population, a song made fun of this change.... # The song ended: # Putting your clock forward # Will but hasten the happy hour # When we kick out the Boches! # See: Pluvinage G. Brussels on German time. Cahiers Bruxellois - # Brusselse Cahiers. 2014;XLVI(1E):15-38. # https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-bruxellois-2014-1E-page-15.htm # # Entries from 1914 through 1917 are taken from "De tijd in België" # . d884 3 a886 1 # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for the 1918/1991 references. d929 1 a929 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d931 1 a931 1 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 00:17:30 d956 1 a956 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d989 1 a989 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1051 1 a1051 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1148 1 a1148 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1214 1 a1214 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1277 1 a1277 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1367 1 a1367 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1415 1 a1415 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1443 1 a1443 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1474 1 a1474 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1511 1 a1511 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1572 1 a1572 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1585 19 # From Stephen Trainor (2019-05-06): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale/ORA_LEGALE_ESTIVA_IN_ITALIA.htm # ... the [1866] law went into effect on 12 December 1866, rather than # the date of the decree (22 Sep 1866) # https://web.archive.org/web/20070824155341/http://www.iav.it/planetario/didastro/didastro/english.htm # ... "In Italy in 1866 there were 6 railway times (Torino, Verona, Firenze, # Roma, Napoli, Palermo). On that year it was decided to unify them, adopting # the average time of Rome (even if this city was not yet part of the # kingdom). On the 12th December 1866, on the starting of the winter time # table, it took effect in the railways, the post office and the telegraph, # not only for the internal service but also for the public.... Milano set # the public watches on the Rome time on the same day (12th December 1866), # Torino and Bologna on the 1st January 1867, Venezia the 1st May 1880 and the # last city was Cagliari in 1886." # # From Luigi Rosa (2019-05-07): # this is the scan of the decree: # http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/filopanti/1866c.jpg # a1595 1 # [now at http://oldsite.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml as of 2017] a1609 7 # From Alois Triendl (2019-07-02): # I spent 6 Euros to buy two archive copies of Il Messaggero, a Roman paper, # for 1 and 2 April 1944. The edition of 2 April has this note: "Tonight at 2 # am, put forward the clock by one hour. Remember that in the night between # today and Monday the 'ora legale' will come in force again." That makes it # clear that in Rome the change was on Monday, 3 April 1944 at 2 am. # d1659 2 a1660 2 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Dec 12 d1735 1 a1735 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1757 9 a1765 4 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-04): # I was able to access the online archive of the Vaduz paper Vaterland ... # I could confirm from the paper that Liechtenstein did in fact follow # the same DST in 1941 and 1942 as Switzerland did. d1805 1 a1805 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1849 1 a1849 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1874 1 a1874 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1943 1 a1943 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1959 1 a1959 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2034 2 a2035 2 # below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2054 1 a2054 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2145 1 a2145 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2250 1 a2250 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2309 1 a2309 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a2472 6 # From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25): # Although Shanks lists 1945-01-01 as the date for transition from # +01/+02 to +02/+03, more likely this is a placeholder. Guess that # the transition occurred at 1945-04-10 00:00, which is about when # Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Triendl.) d2489 2 a2490 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 10 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1946 Apr 7 d3348 1 a3348 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3454 1 a3454 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3522 1 a3522 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3625 1 a3625 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a3632 55 # From Alois Treindl (2019-08-12): # http://www.astrolojidergisi.com/yazsaati.htm has researched the time zone # history of Turkey, based on newspaper archives and official documents. # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # That source (Oya Vulaş, "Türkiye'de Yaz Saati Uygulamaları") # is used for 1940/1972, where it seems more reliable than our other # sources. # From Kıvanç Yazan (2019-08-12): # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14539.pdf#page=24 # 1973-06-03 01:00 -> 02:00, 1973-11-04 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14829.pdf#page=1 # 1974-03-31 02:00 -> 03:00, 1974-11-03 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15161.pdf#page=1 # 1975-03-22 02:00 -> 03:00, 1975-11-02 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15535_1.pdf#page=1 # 1976-03-21 02:00 -> 03:00, 1976-10-31 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15778.pdf#page=5 # 1977-04-03 02:00 -> 03:00, 1977-10-16 02:00 -> 01:00, # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-04-01 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-10-14 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16245.pdf#page=17 # This cancels the previous decision, and repeats it only for 1978. # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00, 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 # (not applied due to standard TZ change below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16331.pdf#page=3 # This decision changes the default longitude for Turkish time zone from 30 # degrees East to 45 degrees East. This means a standard TZ change, from +2 # to +3. This is published & applied on 1978-06-29. At that time, Turkey was # already on summer time (already on 45E). Hence, this new law just meant an # "continuous summer time". Note that this was reversed in a few years. # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18119_1.pdf#page=1 # 1983-07-31 02:00 -> 03:00 (note that this jumps TZ to +4) # 1983-10-02 02:00 -> 01:00 (back to +3) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18561.pdf (page 1 and 34) # At this time, Turkey is still on +3 with no spring-forward on early # 1984. This decision is published on 10/31/1984. Page 1 declares # the decision of reverting the "default longitude change". So the # standard time should go back to +3 (30E). And page 34 explains when # that will happen: 1984-11-01 02:00 -> 01:00. You can think of this # as "end of continuous summer time, change of standard time zone". # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18713.pdf#page=1 # 1985-04-20 01:00 -> 02:00, 1985-09-28 02:00 -> 01:00 d3638 9 a3646 9 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf#page=2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf#page=4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf#page=15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf#page=6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf#page=1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf#page=15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf#page=1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf#page=1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf#page=10 for 1998 - 2000 d3730 2 a3731 2 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - d3735 4 d3743 1 a3743 1 Rule Turkey 1947 1951 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - d3745 1 a3745 1 Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S d3747 1 a3747 1 # DST for 15 months; unusual but we'll let it pass. d3749 1 a3749 1 Rule Turkey 1963 only - Oct 30 0:00 0 - d3752 2 d3755 1 a3755 1 Rule Turkey 1973 1976 - Oct Sun>=31 2:00 0 - d3757 13 a3769 9 Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1976 only - Mar 21 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1978 only - Jun 29 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 1:00s 0 - d3775 1 a3775 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3778 2 a3779 2 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Jun 29 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1984 Nov 1 2:00 d3872 8 d3881 1 a3881 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @ 1.1.1.24.2.2 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #942: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.29 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.20 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) distrib/sets/lists/base/mi (apply patch) Import tzdata2020a from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2020a.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2020a (2020-04-23 16:03:47 -0700): Morocco resumes summer time on 2020-05-31, not 2020-05-24. Canada's Yukon advanced to -07 year-round on 2020-03-08 (summer time will not end this year).. America/Nuuk renamed from America/Godthab (both names now exist). @ text @d552 1 a552 1 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. d554 1 a554 1 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. a557 1 # End of rearguard section. d1021 1 a1021 1 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. a1177 3 # # Use the old name Scoresbysund, as the current name Ittoqqortoormiit # exceeds tzdb's 14-letter limit and has no common English abbreviation. d1182 1 a1182 1 Zone America/Nuuk -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Godthåb d1185 1 a1185 1 Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik d1555 1 a1555 1 # of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavík mean solar time which @ 1.1.1.24.2.3 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in #1108: external/public-domain/tz/dist/systemv delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/pacificnew delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/yearistype.sh delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.16 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/share/zoneinfo/Makefile 1.4 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi 1.1266 doc/3RDPARTY 1.1750 (patch) Import tzdata2020b: Revised predictions for Morocco's changes starting in 2023. Canada's Yukon changes to -07 on 2020-11-01, not 2020-03-08. Macquarie Island has stayed in sync with Tasmania since 2011. Casey, Antarctica is at +08 in winter and +11 in summer. @ text @d391 1 a391 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d532 1 a532 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d569 1 a569 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d609 1 a609 1 # Zone Europe/Paris ... d612 1 a612 1 # Zone Europe/Monaco ... d615 1 a615 1 # Zone Europe/Belgrade ... d661 1 a661 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d775 1 a775 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d829 1 a829 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d916 1 a916 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d976 1 a976 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1008 1 a1008 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1064 1 a1064 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1166 1 a1166 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1297 1 a1297 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S a1328 48 # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-11): # the law of 1891 # was published on 1891-03-15, so it could only take force on 1891-03-16. # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-10): # Le Gaulois, 1911-03-11, page 1/6, online at # https://www.retronews.fr/societe/echo-de-presse/2018/01/29/1911-change-lheure-de-paris # ... [ Instantly, all pressure driven clock dials halted... Nine minutes and # twenty-one seconds later the hands resumed their circular motion. ] # There are also precise reports about how the change was prepared in train # stations: all the publicly visible clocks stopped at midnight railway time # (or were covered), only the chief of service had a watch, labeled # "Heure ancienne", that he kept running until it reached 00:04:21, when # he announced "Heure nouvelle". See the "Le Petit Journal 1911-03-11". # https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6192911/f1.item.zoom # # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): # That "all French clocks stopped" for 00:09:21 is a misreading of French # newspapers; this sort of adjustment applies only to certain # remote-controlled clocks ("pendules pneumatiques", of which there existed # perhaps a dozen in Paris, and which simply could not be set back remotely), # but not to all the clocks in all French towns and villages. For instance, # the following story in the "Courrier de Saône-et-Loire" 1911-03-11, page 2: # only works if legal time was stepped back (was not monotone): ... # [One can observe that children who had been born at midnight less 5 # minutes and who had died at midnight of the old time, would turn out to # be dead before being born, time having been set back and having # suppressed 9 minutes and 25 seconds of their existence, that is, more # than they could spend.] # # From Paul Eggert (2020-06-12): # French time in railway stations was legally five minutes behind civil time, # which explains why railway "old time" ran to 00:04:21 instead of to 00:09:21. # The law's text (which Michael Deckers noted is at # ) says only that # at 1911-03-11 00:00 legal time was that of Paris mean time delayed by # nine minutes and twenty-one seconds, and does not say how the # transition from Paris mean time was to occur. # # tzdb has no way to represent stopped clocks. As the railway practice # was to keep a watch running on "old time" to decide when to restart # the other clocks, this could be modeled as a transition for "old time" at # 00:09:21. However, since the law was ambiguous and clocks outside railway # stations were probably done haphazardly with the popular impression being # that the transition was done at 00:00 "old time", simply leave the time # blank; this causes zic to default to 00:00 "old time" which is good enough. # Do something similar for the 1891-03-16 transition. There are similar # problems in Algiers, Monaco and Tunis. d1332 1 a1332 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1392 3 a1394 1 # Howse writes that the time in France was officially based d1397 2 a1398 2 Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time d1427 1 a1427 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1479 1 a1479 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1514 12 a1525 20 # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-09): # an Austrian encyclopedia of railroads of 1913, online at # http://www.zeno.org/Roell-1912/A/Eisenbahnzeit # says that the switch [to CET] happened on 1890-11-01. # From Géza Nyáry (2020-06-07): # Data for 1918-1983 are based on the archive database of Library Hungaricana. # The dates are collected from original, scanned governmental orders, # bulletins, instructions and public press. # [See URLs below.] # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1918/?pg=238 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1919/?pg=808 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1920/?pg=201 Rule Hungary 1918 1919 - Apr 15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1918 1920 - Sep Mon>=15 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1945/?pg=882 d1527 1 a1527 2 Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1946_03/?pg=49 d1529 1 a1529 9 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1946_09/?pg=54 Rule Hungary 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KulfBelfHirek_1947_04_1__001-123/?pg=90 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DunantuliNaplo_1947_09/?pg=128 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KulfBelfHirek_1948_03_3__001-123/?pg=304 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Zala_1948_09/?pg=64 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SatoraljaujhelyiLeveltar_ZempleniNepujsag_1948/?pg=53 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SatoraljaujhelyiLeveltar_ZempleniNepujsag_1948/?pg=160 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1949_09/?pg=94 d1531 9 a1539 22 Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1954/?pg=513 Rule Hungary 1954 only - May 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1954 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1955/?pg=398 Rule Hungary 1955 only - May 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1955 only - Oct 2 3:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/HevesMegyeiNepujsag_1956_06/?pg=0 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/EszakMagyarorszag_1956_06/?pg=6 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SzolnokMegyeiNeplap_1957_04/?pg=120 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/PestMegyeiHirlap_1957_09/?pg=143 Rule Hungary 1956 1957 - Jun Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1956 1957 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=1227 Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1980 only - Sep 28 1:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1981_01/?pg=79 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1982/?pg=115 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1983/?pg=85 Rule Hungary 1981 1983 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1981 1983 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - # d1541 1 a1541 1 Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Nov 1 d1543 1 a1543 2 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1941/?pg=1204 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 7 23:00 d1545 1 a1545 1 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1984 d1581 1 a1581 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1673 1 a1673 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1783 1 a1783 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1876 1 a1876 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1917 1 a1917 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1990 1 a1990 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2008 2 a2009 15 # # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): # In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1892-05-24, online at # https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/b1c67c12c5af11b41ea888fb048e4fe8.pdf # we read: ... # [In virtue of a Sovereign Ordinance of the May 13 of the current [year], # legal time in the Principality will be set to, from the date of June 1, # 1892 onwards, to the meridian of Paris, as in France.] # In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1911-03-28, online at # https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/de74ffb7db53d4f599059fe8f0ed482a.pdf # we read an ordinance of 1911-03-16: ... # [Legal time in the Principality will be set, from the date of promulgation # of the present ordinance, to legal time in France.... Consequently, legal # time will be retarded by 9 minutes and 21 seconds.] # d2011 2 a2012 2 Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1892 Jun 1 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time d2060 1 a2060 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2097 1 a2097 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2166 1 a2166 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2237 1 a2237 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2350 1 a2350 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3448 1 a3448 1 # The Royal Decree of 1900-07-26 quoted by Planesas, online at d3455 1 a3455 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3592 1 a3592 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3679 1 a3679 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3828 1 a3828 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3986 1 a3986 1 # Transcarpathia used CET 1990/1991. @ 1.1.1.24.2.4 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #1116: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.28 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.31 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.28 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.5 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Import tzdata2020c: Release 2020c - 2020-10-16 11:15:53 -0700 Fiji starts DST later than usual, on 2020-12-20. @ text @a1591 2 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/UjSzo_1949_01-04/?pg=102 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KeletMagyarorszag_1949_03/?pg=96 d1607 1 a1607 1 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=189 a1609 1 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=1227 a1619 1 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1942/?pg=3955 @ 1.1.1.24.2.5 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #1122: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.29 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.32 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.29 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.19 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Update tzdata to 2020d @ text @d1032 3 a1034 2 # the law [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... # The page https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1893/83 d1038 1 a1038 1 # https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1972/21100 d1042 1 a1042 1 # https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1974/223 d1054 1 a1054 1 # https://web.archive.org/web/20140104053304/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=60267 @ 1.1.1.24.2.6 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #1243: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.34 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.1.1.28 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.1.1.21 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.21 doc/3RDPARTY apply patch Import tzdata2020f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2020f.tar.gz Release 2020f - 2020-12-29 00:17:46 -0800 No changes to tzdata, just to a part of the build procedure not used on NetBSD Release 2020e - 2020-12-22 15:14:34 -0800 Volgograd switched to Moscow time on 2020-12-27 at 02:00. Correct many pre-1986 transitions, fixing entries originally derived from Shanks. The fixes include changes to: Australia, Bahamas, Bermuda, Belize, Ghana, Israel and Palestine, Kenya and adjacent, Nigeria and adjacent, Seychelles, Vanuatu Australia/Currie has been moved to the 'backward' file and its corrected data moved to the 'backzone' file. To better match legislation in Turks and Caicos, the 2015 shift to year-round observance of -04 is now modeled as AST throughout before returning to Eastern Time with US DST in 2018, rather than as maintaining EDT until 2015-11-01. @ text @a2894 13 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2020-11-27): # The State Duma approved (Nov 24, 2020) the transition of the Volgograd # region to the Moscow time zone.... # https://sozd.duma.gov.ru/bill/1012130-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-05): # Currently proposed text for the second reading (expected on December 8) ... # changes the date to December 27. https://v1.ru/text/gorod/2020/12/04/69601031/ # # From Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-22): # The law was published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202012220002 d2904 1 a2904 2 4:00 - +04 2020 Dec 27 2:00s 3:00 - +03 @ 1.1.1.24.2.7 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #1546: Catch up to -current of external/public-domain/tz/dist and apply corresponding patches to distrib/sets/lists/base/mi and doc/3RDPARTY: external/public-domain/tz/dist/SECURITY up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.33 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.38 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.28 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/calendars up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.34 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.30 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.20 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.15 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.22 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.23 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi (apply patch) doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Update timezone data to 2022e. @ text @d71 1 d307 2 a308 1 # transition for now and just use the latter value. d501 1 d504 1 a504 25 Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Jersey -0:08:26 - LMT 1898 Jun 11 16:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Guernsey -0:10:09 - LMT 1913 Jun 18 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Isle_of_Man -0:17:55 - LMT 1883 Mar 30 0:00s d509 3 d542 1 a542 2 #STDOFF -0:25:21.1 Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 d825 1 a825 1 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-22): d967 1 a967 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d995 1 a995 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d1027 3 d1031 31 a1062 1 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland a1075 1 a1082 1 d1302 2 a1303 1 # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document). a1305 1 #STDOFF 1:39:49.2 d1496 14 d1518 1 a1518 1 Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 d1629 32 a1680 1 a1685 1 d1739 1 a1739 1 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-02): d1746 1 a1746 1 # From Paul Eggert (2021-10-05): d1751 1 a1751 4 # was effectively controlled by Germany. Using C-Eur is consistent # with Treindl's comment about Rome in April 1944, as the "Rule Italy" # lines during German occupation do not affect Europe/Rome # (though they do affect Europe/Malta). d1797 1 a1797 1 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:00u # Rome Mean a1801 6 Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino # Kosovo # See Europe/Belgrade. d1803 2 d1889 10 a1898 4 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT d1954 2 a1979 1 d1990 1 a1990 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d2006 1 a2006 1 Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta d2088 15 d2111 1 a2111 1 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica d2114 39 d2176 3 a2178 2 #STDOFF 0:19:32.13 d2188 2 a2197 1 a2205 1 Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen d2250 1 a2250 1 # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin d2252 1 a2252 1 d2306 1 d2379 3 a2381 1 # Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950; go with Shanks & Pottenger. d2383 2 a2384 2 Rule Port 1947 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1947 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - a2394 1 #STDOFF -0:36:44.68 d2403 1 a2405 5 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z. # -2:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # -1:00 Port %z 1983 Sep 25 1:00s # -1:00 W-Eur %z 1992 Sep 27 1:00s # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk. a2416 1 # End of rearguard section. d2419 1 a2421 3 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z. # -1:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk. a2430 1 # End of rearguard section. d2621 1 a2621 1 # Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Treindl.) a2779 17 # From Alois Treindl (2022-02-15): # the Russian wikipedia page # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # contains the sentence (in Google translation) "In the autumn of # 1981, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Ryazan, # Lipetsk, Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar and regions to the east # of those named (about 30 in total) parted ways with Moscow time. # However, the convenience of common time with Moscow turned out to be # decisive - in 1982, these regions again switched to Moscow time." # Shanks International atlas has similar information, and also the # Russian book Zaitsev A., Kutalev D. A new astrologer's reference # book. Coordinates of cities and time corrections, - The World of # Urania, 2012 (Russian: Зайцев А., Куталёв Д., Новый справочник # астролога. Координаты городов и временные поправки). # To me it seems that an extra zone is needed, which starts with LMT # util 1919, later follows Moscow since 1930, but deviates from it # between 1 October 1981 until 1 April 1982. d2781 1 a2781 2 # # From Paul Eggert (2022-02-15): d2828 1 a2828 1 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 20 d2831 3 a2833 3 # From Paul Eggert (2022-07-21): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reported that central Crimea switched # from Kyiv to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. d2837 4 a2840 4 # changed in May. This change evidently didn't last long; see below. 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1994 May # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also said that Kerch is still like Kyiv. 3:00 C-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s d2842 1 a2842 1 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) said Crimea switched to EET/EEST. d2844 1 d2849 4 a2852 8 # From Tim Parenti (2022-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): # The clocks at the railway station in Simferopol were put forward from 22:00 # to 24:00 the previous day in a "symbolic ceremony"; however, per # contemporaneous news reports, "ordinary Crimeans [made] the daylight savings # time switch at 2am" on Sunday. # https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/crimea-to-set-clocks-to-russia-time-114033000014_1.html # https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-crimea-time/crimea-switches-to-moscow-time-amid-incorporation-frenzy-idUKBREA2S0LT20140329 # https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-26806583 d3013 1 a3013 1 # Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9. a3017 1 #STDOFF 4:02:32.9 d3329 2 a3330 2 # From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21): # Tomponsky and Ust-Maysky switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time d3455 2 a3456 2 # From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21): # Oymyakonsky and the Kuril Islands switched from d3523 5 d3530 1 a3530 1 Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava d3533 1 a3533 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d3619 1 a3619 1 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u d3623 1 a3623 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u d3641 45 a3785 13 # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): # Büsingen , surrounded by the Swiss canton # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. # # Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 # # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): # Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. a3793 2 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen a4001 21 # From Alois Treindl (2014-03-01): # REGULATION A N O V A on March 20, 1992 N 139 ... means that from # 1992 on, Ukraine had DST with begin time at 02:00 am, on last Sunday # in March, and end time 03:00 am, last Sunday in September.... # CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE RESOLUTION on May 13, 1996 N 509 # "On the order of computation time on the territory of Ukraine" .... # As this cabinet decision is from May 1996, it seems likely that the # transition in March 1996, which predates it, was still at 2:00 am # and not at 3:00 as would have been under EU rules. # This is why I have set the change to EU rules into May 1996, # so that the change in March is stil covered by the Ukraine rule. # The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules.... # TZ database holds three other zones for Ukraine.... I have not yet # worked out the consequences for these three zones, as we (me and my # US colleague David Cochrane) are still trying to get more # information upon these local deviations from Kiev rules. # # From Paul Eggert (2022-08-27): # For now, assume that Ukraine's zones all followed the same rules, # except that Crimea switched to Moscow time in 1994 as described elsewhere. d4041 1 a4041 1 # From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kyiv time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): d4069 17 a4085 3 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Kyiv 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kyiv Mean Time d4091 28 a4118 1 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1996 May 13 @ 1.1.1.24.2.8 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #1782: external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.37 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.44 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.36 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.32 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checklinks.awk up to 1.1.1.4 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.38 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.34 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.27 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi (apply patch) doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Update tzdata to 2023d. @ text @d543 3 a545 1 # suffices.... d985 1 a985 1 # Bosnia & Herzegovina d1031 1 a1031 1 # Czech Republic (Czechia) d1059 2 a1060 1 # Denmark a1082 2 # Faroe Is # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1085 2 # Greenland a1163 10 # From Jonas Nyrup (2022-11-24): # On last Saturday in October 2023 when DST ends America/Nuuk will switch # from -03/-02 to -02/-01 # https://sermitsiaq.ag/forslagtidsforskel-danmark-mindskes-sommertid-beholdes # ... # https://sermitsiaq.ag/groenland-skifte-tidszone-trods-bekymringer # # From Jürgen Appel (2022-11-25): # https://ina.gl/samlinger/oversigt-over-samlinger/samling/dagsordener/dagsorden.aspx?lang=da&day=24-11-2022 a1164 29 # From Thomas M. Steenholdt (2022-12-02): # - The bill to move America/Nuuk from UTC-03 to UTC-02 passed. # - The bill to stop observing DST did not (Greenland will stop observing DST # when EU does). # Details on the implementation are here (section 6): # https://ina.gl/dvd/EM%202022/pdf/media/2553529/pkt17_em2022_tidens_bestemmelse_bem_da.pdf # This is how the change will be implemented: # 1. The shift *to* DST in 2023 happens as normal. # 2. The shift *from* DST in 2023 happens as normal, but coincides with the # shift to UTC-02 normaltime (people will not change their clocks here). # 3. After this, DST is still observed, but as -02/-01 instead of -03/-02. # # From Múte Bourup Egede via Jógvan Svabo Samuelsen (2023-03-15): # Greenland will not switch to Daylight Saving Time this year, 2023, # because the standard time for Greenland will change from UTC -3 to UTC -2. # However, Greenland will change to Daylight Saving Time again in 2024 # and onwards. # From a contributor who wishes to remain anonymous for now (2023-10-29): # https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/seneste/i-nat-skal-uret-stilles-en-time-tilbage-men-foerste-gang-sker-det-ikke-i-groenland # with a link to that page: # https://naalakkersuisut.gl/Nyheder/2023/10/2710_sommertid # ... Ittoqqortoormiit joins the time of Nuuk at March 2024. # What would mean that America/Scoresbysund would either be in -01 year round # or in -02/-01 like America/Nuuk, but no longer in -01/+00. # # From Paul Eggert (2023-10-29): # For now, assume it will be like America/Nuuk. d1184 1 a1184 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU -02/-01 d1187 1 a1187 3 -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - -02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU -02/-01 d1314 1 a1471 46 # From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From # and # ). The law/regulation # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From # ) I have not been # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): # # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was # keeping Berlin time. # # says that the meteorologists # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite # frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. # # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an # Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says # ). The Svalbard FAQ # says that the Germans were # expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, # and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) # http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin # for these regions. d1476 3 a1478 3 # https://www.ptb.de/cms/en/ptb/fachabteilungen/abt4/fb-44/ag-441/realisation-of-legal-time-in-germany/dst-and-midsummer-dst-in-germany-until-1979.html # says the following transition occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ # given in Shanks & Pottenger. Go with the PTB. d1496 1 d1641 1 d1761 3 d1768 1 d1857 1 d2114 47 d2436 1 a2436 1 # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 d2846 1 a2846 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s d2848 3 a2850 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK 2018 Oct 28 2:00s d2852 1 a2852 1 3:00 - MSK d2883 1 a2883 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s d2885 3 a2887 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK d3442 1 d3444 1 a3444 1 Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino d3698 2 a3699 1 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen d3904 1 d3919 5 a3923 1 # The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules. d4008 1 a4008 2 Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican @ 1.1.1.24.2.9 log @Pullup the following, requested by kre in ticket #1796: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.38 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.45 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.37 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.33 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.39 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.35 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.1.1.2 doc/3RDPARTY apply patch Updated tzdata to 2024a @ text @d1031 2 a1032 18 # From Ivan Benovic (2024-01-30): # https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1946/54/ # (This is an official link to the Czechoslovak Summer Time Act of # March 8, 1946 that authorizes the Czechoslovak government to set the # exact dates of change to summer time and back to Central European Time. # The act also implicitly confirms Central European Time as the # official time zone of Czechoslovakia and currently remains in force # in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia.) # https://www.psp.cz/eknih/1945pns/tisky/t0216_00.htm # (This is a link to the original legislative proposal dating back to # February 22, 1946. The accompanying memorandum to the proposal says # that an advisory committee on European railroad transportation that # met in Brussels in October 1945 decided that the change of time # should be carried out in all participating countries in a strictly # coordinated manner....) # # From Paul Eggert (2024-01-30): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. a1033 9 # Its main text disagrees with its quoted sources only in 1918, # where the main text says spring and autumn transitions # occurred at 02:00 and 03:00 respectively (as usual), # whereas the 1918 source "Oznámení o zavedení letního času v roce 1918" # says transitions were at 01:00 and 02:00 respectively. # As the 1918 source appears to be a humorous piece, and it is # unlikely that Prague would have disagreed with its neighbors by an hour, # go with the main text for now. # @ 1.1.1.24.2.10 log @Pull up the following revisions, requested by kre in ticket #1940: external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.41 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.3 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi (apply patch) doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Updated tzdata to 2025b (using 2025btgz) @ text @d756 8 d897 1 a897 1 3:00 - %z d1219 1 a1219 1 # From Jule Dabars (2023-10-29): d1240 2 a1241 2 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 1996 d1247 4 a1250 4 -2:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur %z 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU %z 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU %z d1252 4 a1255 4 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - %z 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU %z d2268 4 a2271 33 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07) and Michael # Deckers (2021-02-10): # http://oal.ul.pt/documentos/2018/01/hl1911a2018.pdf/ # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon has published a list detailing the # historical transitions in legal time within continental Portugal. It # directly references many decrees and ordinances which are, in turn, # referenced below. They can be viewed in the public archives of the Diário da # República (until 1976-04-09 known as the Diário do Govêrno) at # https://dre.pt/ (in Portuguese). # # Most of the Rules below have been updated simply to match the Observatory's # listing for continental (mainland) Portugal. Although there are over 50 # referenced decrees and ordinances, only the handful with comments below have # been verified against the text, typically to provide additional confidence # wherever dates provided by Whitman and Shanks & Pottenger had disagreed. # See further below for the Azores and Madeira. # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a # heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: # According to a 1911-05-24 Portuguese decree, Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but # switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/593090 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/593090 # The decree made legal time throughout Portugal and her possessions # "subordinate to the Greenwich meridian, according to the principle adopted at # the Washington Convention in 1884" and eliminated the "difference of five # minutes between the internal and external clocks of railway stations". # # The decree was gazetted in the 1911-05-30 issue of Diário do Govêrno, and is # considered to be dated 1911-05-24 by that issue's summary; however, the text # of the decree itself is dated 1911-05-26. The Diário da República website # notes the discrepancy, but later laws and the Observatory all seem to refer # to this decree by the 1911-05-24 date. d2279 16 d2296 3 a2298 19 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (1999-01-30): # DSH writes in their history that Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 established # summer time and that, "despite" this, the change to the clocks was not done # every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. # In fact, that decree had nothing to do with DST; rather, it regulated the # sending of time signals. But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/1469-1915-285721 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/285721 # # According to the Observatory, standard time was first advanced by Decreto # 2433 of 1916-06-09 and restored by Decreto 2712 of 1916-10-28. While Whitman # gives 1916-10-31 for the latter transition, Shanks & Pottenger agrees more # closely with the decree, which stated that its provision "will start sixty # minutes after the end of 31 October, according to the current time," i.e., # 01:00 on 1 November. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2433-1916-267192 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/267192 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2712-1916-590937 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/590937 d2300 1 d2302 6 a2307 32 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Article 7 of Decreto 2922 of 1916-12-30 stated that "the legal time will be # advanced by sixty minutes from 1 March to 31 October." Per Article 15, this # came into force from 1917-01-01. Just before the first fall back, Decreto # 3446 of 1917-10-11 changed the annual end date to 14 October. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2922-1916-261894 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/261894 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/3446-1917-495161 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/495161 # This annual change was revoked by Decreto 8038 of 1922-02-18. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/8038-1922-569751 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/569751 Rule Port 1917 1921 - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 24:00 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto 9592 of 1924-04-14 noted that "France maintains the advance of legal # time in the summer and Spain has now adopted it for the first time" and # considered "that the absence of similar measures would cause serious # difficulties for international rail connections with consequent repercussions # on domestic service hours..." along with "inconvenient analogues...for postal # and telegraph services." Summer time would be in effect from 17 April to 4 # October, with the spring change explicitly specified by bringing clocks # forward from 16 April 23:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/9592-1924-652133 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/652133 # # Decreto 10700, issued 1925-04-16, noted that Spain had not continued summer # time, declared that "the current legal hour prior to 17 April remains # unchanged from that day forward", and revoked legislation to the contrary, # just a day before summer time would have otherwise resumed. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/10700-1925-437826 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/437826 d2309 1 a2309 1 Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - a2320 2 # Note: The 1935 law specified 10-06 00:00, not 10-05 24:00, but the following # is equivalent and more succinct. a2330 9 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Portaria 9465 of 1940-02-17 advanced clocks from Saturday 1940-02-24 23:00. # The clocks were restored by Portaria 9658, issued Monday 1940-10-07, # effective from 24:00 that very night, which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger; # Whitman gives Saturday 1940-10-05 instead. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9465-1940-189096 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/189096 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9658-1940-196729 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/196729 d2332 2 a2333 1 Rule Port 1940 only - Oct 7 23:00s 0 - a2334 1 Rule Port 1941 only - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - d2344 3 a2346 22 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07): # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon cites Portaria 11767 of 1947-03-28 for # 1947 and Portaria 12286 of 1948-02-19 for 1948. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/11767-1947-414787 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/414787 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/12286-1948-152953 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/152953 # # Although the latter ordinance explicitly had the 1948-10-03 transition # scheduled for 02:00 rather than 03:00 as had been used in 1947, Decreto-Lei # 37048 of 1948-09-07 recognized "that it is advisable to definitely set...the # 'summer time' regime", and fixed the fall transition at 03:00 moving forward. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/37048-1948-373810 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/373810 # While the Observatory only cites this act for 1949-1965 and not for 1948, it # does not appear to have had any provision delaying its effect, so assume that # it overrode the prior ordinance for 1948-10-03. # # Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950 and gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on. # The Observatory, however, agrees with Shanks & Pottenger that 1950 was not an # exception and that Oct Sun>=1 was maintained through 1965. Rule Port 1947 1966 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S d2348 8 a2355 61 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01 considered that the "duality" in time was # "the cause of serious disturbances" and noted that "the countries with which # we have the most frequent contacts...have already adopted" a solution # coinciding with the extant "summer time". It established that the former # "summer time" would apply year-round on the mainland and adjacent islands # with immediate effect, as the fall back would have otherwise occurred later # that evening. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/47233-1966-293729 # Model this by changing zones without changing clocks at the # previously-appointed fall back time. # # Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 acknowledged that those international # contacts had returned to adopting seasonal times, and considered that the # year-round advancement "entails considerable sacrifices for the vast majority # of the working population during the winter months", including morning # visibility concerns for schoolchildren. It specified, beginning 1976-09-26 # 01:00, an annual return to UT+00 on the mainland from 00:00 UT on Sep lastSun # to 00:00 UT on Mar lastSun (unless the latter date fell on Easter, in which # case it was to be brought forward to the preceding Sunday). It also assigned # the Permanent Time Commission to study and propose revisions for the Azores # and Madeira, neither of which resumed DST until 1982 (as described further # below). # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/309-1976-502063 Rule Port 1976 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Beginning in 1978, rather than triggering the Easter rule of the 1976 decree # (Easter fell on 1978-03-26), Article 5 was used instead, which allowed DST # dates to be changed by order of the Minister of Education and Scientific # Research, upon consultation with the Permanent Time Commission, "whenever # considered convenient." As such, a series of one-off ordinances were # promulgated for the mainland in 1978 through 1980, after which the 1976 # decree naturally came back into force from 1981. Rule Port 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1979 1980 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1981 1986 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1985 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 44-B/86 of 1986-03-07 switched mainland Portugal's transition # times from 0:00s to 1:00u to harmonize with the EEC from 1986-03-30. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/44-b-1986-628280 # (Transitions of 1:00s as previously reported and used by the W-Eur rules, # though equivalent, appear to have been fiction here.) Madeira continued to # use 0:00s for spring 1986 before joining with the mainland using 1:00u in the # fall; meanwhile, in the Azores the two were equivalent, so the law specifying # 0:00s wasn't touched until 1992. (See below for more on the islands.) # # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. # # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. d2361 1 a2361 1 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2363 2 a2364 2 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 0:00 EU WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00u a2366 11 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # For the Azores and Madeira, legislation was followed from the laws currently # in force as listed at: # https://oal.ul.pt/hora-legal/legislacao/ # working backward through references of revocation and abrogation to # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01, the last time DST was abolished across the # mainland and its adjacent islands. Because of that reference, it is # therefore assumed that DST rules in the islands prior to 1966 were like that # of the mainland, though most legislation of the time didn't explicitly # specify DST practices for the islands. d2370 3 a2372 17 -2:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # While Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 reintroduced DST on the mainland by # falling back on 1976-09-26, it assigned the Permanent Time Commission to # study and propose revisions for the Azores and Madeira. Decreto Regional # 9/77/A of 1977-05-17 affirmed that "the legal time remained unchanged in the # Azores" at UT-1, and would remain there year-round. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/9-1977-252066 # # Decreto Regional 2/82/A, published 1982-03-02, adopted DST in the same # fashion as the mainland used at the time. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/2-1982-599965 # Though transitions in the Azores officially remained at 0:00s through 1992, # this was equivalent to the EU-style 1:00u adopted by the mainland in 1986, so # model it as such. -1:00 - %z 1982 Mar 28 0:00s -1:00 Port %z 1986 d2374 11 a2384 11 # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # -1:00 - -01 1982 Mar 28 0:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1986 d2386 2 a2387 20 # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # After mainland Portugal had shifted forward an hour from 1992-09-27, Decreto # Legislativo Regional 29/92/A of 1992-12-23 sought to "reduce the time # difference" by shifting the Azores forward as well from 1992-12-27. Just six # months later, this was revoked by Decreto Legislativo Regional 9/93/A, citing # "major changes in work habits and way of life." Though the revocation didn't # give a transition time, it was signed Wednesday 1993-06-16; assume it took # effect later that evening, and that an EU-style spring forward (to +01) was # still observed in the interim on 1993-03-28. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/29-1992-621553 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/9-1993-389633 -1:00 EU %z 1992 Dec 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Jun 17 1:00u -1:00 EU %z d2391 1 a2391 1 -1:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2393 9 a2401 9 # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2403 1 a2403 15 # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto Regional 5/82/M, published 1982-04-03, established DST transitions at # 0:00u, which for Madeira is equivalent to the mainland's rules (0:00s) at the # time. It came into effect the day following its publication, Sunday # 1982-04-04, thus resuming Madeira's DST practice about a week later than the # mainland and the Azores. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/5-1982-608273 # # Decreto Legislativo Regional 18/86/M, published 1986-10-01, adopted EU-style # rules (1:00u) and entered into immediate force after being signed on # 1986-07-31. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/18-1986-221705 0:00 - WET 1982 Apr 4 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 Jul 31 d2615 1 a2615 1 3:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2865 8 a2872 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2902 3 a2904 3 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s d2906 1 a2906 1 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s d2910 1 a2910 1 4:00 - %z 2020 Dec 27 2:00s d2925 8 a2932 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2940 2 a2941 2 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s d2943 1 a2943 1 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s d2958 9 a2966 9 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2982 8 a2989 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d3014 6 a3019 6 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - %z d3029 6 a3034 6 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z d3067 8 a3074 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1995 May 28 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3088 8 a3095 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3140 8 a3147 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3178 6 a3183 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3197 6 a3202 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3219 6 a3224 6 7:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z d3241 7 a3247 7 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - %z d3287 6 a3292 6 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z d3310 6 a3315 6 9:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z d3333 8 a3340 8 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2004 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z d3356 8 a3363 8 9:00 - %z 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3386 7 a3392 7 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3437 6 a3442 6 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3460 8 a3467 8 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z d3480 6 a3485 6 11:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z d3493 7 a3499 7 12:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia %z 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z d3627 1 a3627 1 -1:00 - %z 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3713 2 a3714 2 # From Paul Eggert (2024-05-24): # Express BMT as 0:29:45.500, approximately the same precision 7° 26' 22.50". a3752 1 #STDOFF 0:29:45.500 d3951 1 a3951 1 3:00 Turkey %z 1984 Nov 1 2:00 d3960 1 a3960 1 3:00 - %z @ 1.1.1.25 log @Import tzdata2019c from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2019c.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2019c (2019-09-11 08:59:48 -0700): Fiji observes DST from 2019-11-10 to 2020-01-12 Norfolk Island starts observing Australian-style DST Plus historic corrections to time in Turkey (1940-85) South Korea (1948-51) Detroit (US) (1967-8), Perry County (Indiana, US) (pre 1970) Edmonton (CA) (1967, 1969) Vancouver (CA) (1946), Vienna (AT) (1946), Kaliningrad (1945-6). Louisville (US) (1946-50). Brussles (BE) (1892). Hong Kong Winter Time (1941) now listed as being "DST". Summary of changes in tzdata2019b (2019-07-01 00:09:53 -0700): Brazil no longer observes DST Predictions for Morocco extended to 2087. Panestine (March 2019) time zone change date corrected (and guesses for future transitions revised). Historic updates: Honk Kong (1941 - 1947), Italy (1866). @ text @d125 1 a125 1 # [This yields STDOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] d503 1 a503 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d541 1 a541 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d740 1 a740 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d800 1 a800 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d807 1 a807 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a823 4 # From Alois Triendl (2019-07-22): # In 1946 the end of DST was on Monday, 7 October 1946, at 3:00 am. # Shanks had this right. Source: Die Weltpresse, 5. Oktober 1946, page 5. d828 1 a828 2 Rule Austria 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - d833 1 a833 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d865 1 a865 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d878 1 a878 23 # From Michael Deckers (2019-08-25): # The exposition in the web page # https://www.bestor.be/wiki/index.php/Voyager_dans_le_temps._L%E2%80%99introduction_de_la_norme_de_Greenwich_en_Belgique # gives several contemporary sources from which one can conclude that # the switch in Europe/Brussels on 1892-05-01 was from 00:17:30 to 00:00:00. # # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # This quote helps explain the late-1914 situation: # In early November 1914, the Germans imposed the time zone used in central # Europe and forced the inhabitants to set their watches and public clocks # sixty minutes ahead. Many were reluctant to accept "German time" and # continued to use "Belgian time" among themselves. Reflecting the spirit of # resistance that arose in the population, a song made fun of this change.... # The song ended: # Putting your clock forward # Will but hasten the happy hour # When we kick out the Boches! # See: Pluvinage G. Brussels on German time. Cahiers Bruxellois - # Brusselse Cahiers. 2014;XLVI(1E):15-38. # https://www.cairn.info/revue-cahiers-bruxellois-2014-1E-page-15.htm # # Entries from 1914 through 1917 are taken from "De tijd in België" # . d884 3 a886 1 # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for the 1918/1991 references. d929 1 a929 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d931 1 a931 1 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 00:17:30 d956 1 a956 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d989 1 a989 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1051 1 a1051 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1148 1 a1148 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1214 1 a1214 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1277 1 a1277 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1367 1 a1367 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1415 1 a1415 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1443 1 a1443 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1474 1 a1474 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1511 1 a1511 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1572 1 a1572 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1585 19 # From Stephen Trainor (2019-05-06): # http://www.ac-ilsestante.it/MERIDIANE/ora_legale/ORA_LEGALE_ESTIVA_IN_ITALIA.htm # ... the [1866] law went into effect on 12 December 1866, rather than # the date of the decree (22 Sep 1866) # https://web.archive.org/web/20070824155341/http://www.iav.it/planetario/didastro/didastro/english.htm # ... "In Italy in 1866 there were 6 railway times (Torino, Verona, Firenze, # Roma, Napoli, Palermo). On that year it was decided to unify them, adopting # the average time of Rome (even if this city was not yet part of the # kingdom). On the 12th December 1866, on the starting of the winter time # table, it took effect in the railways, the post office and the telegraph, # not only for the internal service but also for the public.... Milano set # the public watches on the Rome time on the same day (12th December 1866), # Torino and Bologna on the 1st January 1867, Venezia the 1st May 1880 and the # last city was Cagliari in 1886." # # From Luigi Rosa (2019-05-07): # this is the scan of the decree: # http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/filopanti/1866c.jpg # a1595 1 # [now at http://oldsite.inrim.it/res/tf/ora_legale_i.shtml as of 2017] a1609 7 # From Alois Triendl (2019-07-02): # I spent 6 Euros to buy two archive copies of Il Messaggero, a Roman paper, # for 1 and 2 April 1944. The edition of 2 April has this note: "Tonight at 2 # am, put forward the clock by one hour. Remember that in the night between # today and Monday the 'ora legale' will come in force again." That makes it # clear that in Rome the change was on Monday, 3 April 1944 at 2 am. # d1659 2 a1660 2 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Dec 12 d1735 1 a1735 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1757 9 a1765 4 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-04): # I was able to access the online archive of the Vaduz paper Vaterland ... # I could confirm from the paper that Liechtenstein did in fact follow # the same DST in 1941 and 1942 as Switzerland did. d1805 1 a1805 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1849 1 a1849 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1874 1 a1874 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1943 1 a1943 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d1959 1 a1959 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2034 2 a2035 2 # below because the current format requires STDOFF to be an integer. # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2054 1 a2054 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2145 1 a2145 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2250 1 a2250 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d2309 1 a2309 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a2472 6 # From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25): # Although Shanks lists 1945-01-01 as the date for transition from # +01/+02 to +02/+03, more likely this is a placeholder. Guess that # the transition occurred at 1945-04-10 00:00, which is about when # Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Triendl.) d2489 2 a2490 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 10 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1946 Apr 7 d3348 1 a3348 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3454 1 a3454 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3522 1 a3522 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3625 1 a3625 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a3632 55 # From Alois Treindl (2019-08-12): # http://www.astrolojidergisi.com/yazsaati.htm has researched the time zone # history of Turkey, based on newspaper archives and official documents. # From Paul Eggert (2019-08-28): # That source (Oya Vulaş, "Türkiye'de Yaz Saati Uygulamaları") # is used for 1940/1972, where it seems more reliable than our other # sources. # From Kıvanç Yazan (2019-08-12): # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14539.pdf#page=24 # 1973-06-03 01:00 -> 02:00, 1973-11-04 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/14829.pdf#page=1 # 1974-03-31 02:00 -> 03:00, 1974-11-03 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15161.pdf#page=1 # 1975-03-22 02:00 -> 03:00, 1975-11-02 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15535_1.pdf#page=1 # 1976-03-21 02:00 -> 03:00, 1976-10-31 02:00 -> 01:00 # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/15778.pdf#page=5 # 1977-04-03 02:00 -> 03:00, 1977-10-16 02:00 -> 01:00, # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-04-01 02:00 -> 03:00 (not applied, see below) # 1979-10-14 02:00 -> 01:00 (not applied, see below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16245.pdf#page=17 # This cancels the previous decision, and repeats it only for 1978. # 1978-04-02 02:00 -> 03:00, 1978-10-15 02:00 -> 01:00 # (not applied due to standard TZ change below) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/16331.pdf#page=3 # This decision changes the default longitude for Turkish time zone from 30 # degrees East to 45 degrees East. This means a standard TZ change, from +2 # to +3. This is published & applied on 1978-06-29. At that time, Turkey was # already on summer time (already on 45E). Hence, this new law just meant an # "continuous summer time". Note that this was reversed in a few years. # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18119_1.pdf#page=1 # 1983-07-31 02:00 -> 03:00 (note that this jumps TZ to +4) # 1983-10-02 02:00 -> 01:00 (back to +3) # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18561.pdf (page 1 and 34) # At this time, Turkey is still on +3 with no spring-forward on early # 1984. This decision is published on 10/31/1984. Page 1 declares # the decision of reverting the "default longitude change". So the # standard time should go back to +3 (30E). And page 34 explains when # that will happen: 1984-11-01 02:00 -> 01:00. You can think of this # as "end of continuous summer time, change of standard time zone". # # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/18713.pdf#page=1 # 1985-04-20 01:00 -> 02:00, 1985-09-28 02:00 -> 01:00 d3638 9 a3646 9 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19032.pdf#page=2 for 1986 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19400.pdf#page=4 for 1987 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/19752.pdf#page=15 for 1988 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20102.pdf#page=6 for 1989 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/20464.pdf#page=1 for 1990 - 1992 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21531.pdf#page=15 for 1993 - 1995 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/21879.pdf#page=1 for overriding 1994 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf#page=1 for 1996, 1997 # http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf#page=10 for 1998 - 2000 d3730 2 a3731 2 Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - d3735 4 d3743 1 a3743 1 Rule Turkey 1947 1951 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - d3745 1 a3745 1 Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S d3747 1 a3747 1 # DST for 15 months; unusual but we'll let it pass. d3749 1 a3749 1 Rule Turkey 1963 only - Oct 30 0:00 0 - d3752 2 d3755 1 a3755 1 Rule Turkey 1973 1976 - Oct Sun>=31 2:00 0 - d3757 13 a3769 9 Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1976 only - Mar 21 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1978 only - Jun 29 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 1:00s 0 - d3775 1 a3775 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] d3778 2 a3779 2 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Jun 29 3:00 Turkey +03/+04 1984 Nov 1 2:00 d3872 8 d3881 1 a3881 1 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] @ 1.1.1.26 log @Import tzdata2020a from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2020a.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2020a (2020-04-23 16:03:47 -0700): Morocco resumes summer time on 2020-05-31, not 2020-05-24. Canada's Yukon advanced to -07 year-round on 2020-03-08 (summer time will not end this year).. America/Nuuk renamed from America/Godthab (both names now exist). @ text @d552 1 a552 1 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. d554 1 a554 1 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. a557 1 # End of rearguard section. d1021 1 a1021 1 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. a1177 3 # # Use the old name Scoresbysund, as the current name Ittoqqortoormiit # exceeds tzdb's 14-letter limit and has no common English abbreviation. d1182 1 a1182 1 Zone America/Nuuk -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Godthåb d1185 1 a1185 1 Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik d1555 1 a1555 1 # of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavík mean solar time which @ 1.1.1.27 log @Import tzdata2020b from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2020b.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2020b (2020-10-06 18:35:04 -0700): Revised predictions for Morocco's changes starting in 2023. Canada's Yukon changes to -07 on 2020-11-01, not 2020-03-08. Macquarie Island has stayed in sync with Tasmania since 2011. Casey, Antarctica is at +08 in winter and +11 in summer. @ text @d391 1 a391 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d532 1 a532 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d569 1 a569 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d609 1 a609 1 # Zone Europe/Paris ... d612 1 a612 1 # Zone Europe/Monaco ... d615 1 a615 1 # Zone Europe/Belgrade ... d661 1 a661 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d775 1 a775 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d829 1 a829 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d916 1 a916 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d976 1 a976 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1008 1 a1008 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1064 1 a1064 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1166 1 a1166 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1297 1 a1297 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S a1328 48 # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-11): # the law of 1891 # was published on 1891-03-15, so it could only take force on 1891-03-16. # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-10): # Le Gaulois, 1911-03-11, page 1/6, online at # https://www.retronews.fr/societe/echo-de-presse/2018/01/29/1911-change-lheure-de-paris # ... [ Instantly, all pressure driven clock dials halted... Nine minutes and # twenty-one seconds later the hands resumed their circular motion. ] # There are also precise reports about how the change was prepared in train # stations: all the publicly visible clocks stopped at midnight railway time # (or were covered), only the chief of service had a watch, labeled # "Heure ancienne", that he kept running until it reached 00:04:21, when # he announced "Heure nouvelle". See the "Le Petit Journal 1911-03-11". # https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6192911/f1.item.zoom # # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): # That "all French clocks stopped" for 00:09:21 is a misreading of French # newspapers; this sort of adjustment applies only to certain # remote-controlled clocks ("pendules pneumatiques", of which there existed # perhaps a dozen in Paris, and which simply could not be set back remotely), # but not to all the clocks in all French towns and villages. For instance, # the following story in the "Courrier de Saône-et-Loire" 1911-03-11, page 2: # only works if legal time was stepped back (was not monotone): ... # [One can observe that children who had been born at midnight less 5 # minutes and who had died at midnight of the old time, would turn out to # be dead before being born, time having been set back and having # suppressed 9 minutes and 25 seconds of their existence, that is, more # than they could spend.] # # From Paul Eggert (2020-06-12): # French time in railway stations was legally five minutes behind civil time, # which explains why railway "old time" ran to 00:04:21 instead of to 00:09:21. # The law's text (which Michael Deckers noted is at # ) says only that # at 1911-03-11 00:00 legal time was that of Paris mean time delayed by # nine minutes and twenty-one seconds, and does not say how the # transition from Paris mean time was to occur. # # tzdb has no way to represent stopped clocks. As the railway practice # was to keep a watch running on "old time" to decide when to restart # the other clocks, this could be modeled as a transition for "old time" at # 00:09:21. However, since the law was ambiguous and clocks outside railway # stations were probably done haphazardly with the popular impression being # that the transition was done at 00:00 "old time", simply leave the time # blank; this causes zic to default to 00:00 "old time" which is good enough. # Do something similar for the 1891-03-16 transition. There are similar # problems in Algiers, Monaco and Tunis. d1332 1 a1332 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1392 3 a1394 1 # Howse writes that the time in France was officially based d1397 2 a1398 2 Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time d1427 1 a1427 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1479 1 a1479 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1514 12 a1525 20 # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-09): # an Austrian encyclopedia of railroads of 1913, online at # http://www.zeno.org/Roell-1912/A/Eisenbahnzeit # says that the switch [to CET] happened on 1890-11-01. # From Géza Nyáry (2020-06-07): # Data for 1918-1983 are based on the archive database of Library Hungaricana. # The dates are collected from original, scanned governmental orders, # bulletins, instructions and public press. # [See URLs below.] # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1918/?pg=238 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1919/?pg=808 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1920/?pg=201 Rule Hungary 1918 1919 - Apr 15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1918 1920 - Sep Mon>=15 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1945/?pg=882 d1527 1 a1527 2 Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1946_03/?pg=49 d1529 1 a1529 9 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1946_09/?pg=54 Rule Hungary 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KulfBelfHirek_1947_04_1__001-123/?pg=90 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DunantuliNaplo_1947_09/?pg=128 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KulfBelfHirek_1948_03_3__001-123/?pg=304 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Zala_1948_09/?pg=64 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SatoraljaujhelyiLeveltar_ZempleniNepujsag_1948/?pg=53 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SatoraljaujhelyiLeveltar_ZempleniNepujsag_1948/?pg=160 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1949_09/?pg=94 d1531 9 a1539 22 Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1954/?pg=513 Rule Hungary 1954 only - May 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1954 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1955/?pg=398 Rule Hungary 1955 only - May 22 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1955 only - Oct 2 3:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/HevesMegyeiNepujsag_1956_06/?pg=0 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/EszakMagyarorszag_1956_06/?pg=6 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/SzolnokMegyeiNeplap_1957_04/?pg=120 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/PestMegyeiHirlap_1957_09/?pg=143 Rule Hungary 1956 1957 - Jun Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1956 1957 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=1227 Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1980 only - Sep 28 1:00 0 - # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/Delmagyarorszag_1981_01/?pg=79 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1982/?pg=115 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1983/?pg=85 Rule Hungary 1981 1983 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1981 1983 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - # d1541 1 a1541 1 Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Nov 1 d1543 1 a1543 2 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1941/?pg=1204 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 7 23:00 d1545 1 a1545 1 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1984 d1581 1 a1581 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1673 1 a1673 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1783 1 a1783 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1876 1 a1876 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1917 1 a1917 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d1990 1 a1990 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2008 2 a2009 15 # # From Michael Deckers (2020-06-12): # In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1892-05-24, online at # https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/b1c67c12c5af11b41ea888fb048e4fe8.pdf # we read: ... # [In virtue of a Sovereign Ordinance of the May 13 of the current [year], # legal time in the Principality will be set to, from the date of June 1, # 1892 onwards, to the meridian of Paris, as in France.] # In the "Journal de Monaco" of 1911-03-28, online at # https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/de74ffb7db53d4f599059fe8f0ed482a.pdf # we read an ordinance of 1911-03-16: ... # [Legal time in the Principality will be set, from the date of promulgation # of the present ordinance, to legal time in France.... Consequently, legal # time will be retarded by 9 minutes and 21 seconds.] # d2011 2 a2012 2 Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1892 Jun 1 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time d2060 1 a2060 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2097 1 a2097 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2166 1 a2166 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2237 1 a2237 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d2350 1 a2350 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3448 1 a3448 1 # The Royal Decree of 1900-07-26 quoted by Planesas, online at d3455 1 a3455 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3592 1 a3592 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3679 1 a3679 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3828 1 a3828 1 # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S d3986 1 a3986 1 # Transcarpathia used CET 1990/1991. @ 1.1.1.28 log @Import tzdata2020c from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2020c.tar.gz News for the tz database Release 2020c - 2020-10-16 11:15:53 -0700 Fiji starts DST later than usual, on 2020-12-20. @ text @a1591 2 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/UjSzo_1949_01-04/?pg=102 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/KeletMagyarorszag_1949_03/?pg=96 d1607 1 a1607 1 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=189 a1609 1 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/DTT_KOZL_TanacsokKozlonye_1980/?pg=1227 a1619 1 # https://library.hungaricana.hu/hu/view/OGYK_RT_1942/?pg=3955 @ 1.1.1.29 log @Import tzdata2020d from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2020d.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2020d (2020-10-21 11:24:13 -0700): Palestine ends DST earlier than predicted, on 2020-10-24. @ text @d1032 3 a1034 2 # the law [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... # The page https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1893/83 d1038 1 a1038 1 # https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1972/21100 d1042 1 a1042 1 # https://www.retsinformation.dk/eli/lta/1974/223 d1054 1 a1054 1 # https://web.archive.org/web/20140104053304/https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=60267 @ 1.1.1.30 log @Import tzdata2020f from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2020f.tar.gz Release 2020f - 2020-12-29 00:17:46 -0800 No changes to tzdata, just to a part of the build procedure not used on NetBSD Release 2020e - 2020-12-22 15:14:34 -0800 Volgograd switched to Moscow time on 2020-12-27 at 02:00. Correct many pre-1986 transitions, fixing entries originally derived from Shanks. The fixes include changes to: Australia, Bahamas, Bermuda, Belize, Ghana, Israel and Palestine, Kenya and adjacent, Nigeria and adjacent, Seychelles, Vanuatu Australia/Currie has been moved to the 'backward' file and its corrected data moved to the 'backzone' file. To better match legislation in Turks and Caicos, the 2015 shift to year-round observance of -04 is now modeled as AST throughout before returning to Eastern Time with US DST in 2018, rather than as maintaining EDT until 2015-11-01. @ text @a2894 13 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2020-11-27): # The State Duma approved (Nov 24, 2020) the transition of the Volgograd # region to the Moscow time zone.... # https://sozd.duma.gov.ru/bill/1012130-7 # # From Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-05): # Currently proposed text for the second reading (expected on December 8) ... # changes the date to December 27. https://v1.ru/text/gorod/2020/12/04/69601031/ # # From Stepan Golosunov (2020-12-22): # The law was published today on # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202012220002 d2904 1 a2904 2 4:00 - +04 2020 Dec 27 2:00s 3:00 - +03 @ 1.1.1.31 log @Import tzdata2022agtz not from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2022agtz.tar.gz (2022a comes from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2022a.tar.gz) Note that 2022agtz is mechanically derived from 2022a by moving back zone data from the "backzone" file that had been removed as "redundant" (because differences to some other zone are all prior to 1970) so that this pre 1970 data is restored. It isn't necessarily correct in all cases, but it is usually better than using some other zone's data which is just as likely to be incorrect for where it applies, and more so elsewhere. Summary of changes in tzdata2022a (2022-03-15 23:02:01 -0700): * Palestine will spring forward on 2022-03-27, not 2022-03-26. * From 1992 through spring 1996, Ukraine's DST transitions were at 02:00 standard time, not at 01:00 UTC. * Chile's Santiago Mean Time and its LMT precursor have been adjusted eastward by 1 second to align with past and present law. * Changes to commentary. @ text @d71 1 d501 1 d509 3 a511 24 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Jersey -0:08:26 - LMT 1898 Jun 11 16:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Guernsey -0:10:09 - LMT 1913 Jun 18 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Isle_of_Man -0:17:55 - LMT 1883 Mar 30 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST d825 1 a825 1 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-22): d967 1 a967 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d995 1 a995 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d1739 1 a1739 1 # From Alois Treindl (2019-07-02): d1746 1 a1746 1 # From Paul Eggert (2021-10-05): d1751 1 a1751 4 # was effectively controlled by Germany. Using C-Eur is consistent # with Treindl's comment about Rome in April 1944, as the "Rule Italy" # lines during German occupation do not affect Europe/Rome # (though they do affect Europe/Malta). a1802 4 # Kosovo # See Europe/Belgrade. d1898 1 a1898 4 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT d1990 1 a1990 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d2111 1 a2111 1 Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica a2152 4 # From Paul Eggert (2021-05-09): # I invented the abbreviations AMT for Amsterdam Mean Time and NST for # Netherlands Summer Time, used in the Netherlands from 1835 to 1937. d2379 3 a2381 1 # Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950; go with Shanks & Pottenger. d2383 2 a2384 2 Rule Port 1947 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1947 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - d2621 1 a2621 1 # Königsberg surrendered to Soviet troops. (Thanks to Alois Treindl.) a2779 17 # From Alois Treindl (2022-02-15): # the Russian wikipedia page # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток # contains the sentence (in Google translation) "In the autumn of # 1981, Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Yaroslavl, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Ryazan, # Lipetsk, Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Krasnodar and regions to the east # of those named (about 30 in total) parted ways with Moscow time. # However, the convenience of common time with Moscow turned out to be # decisive - in 1982, these regions again switched to Moscow time." # Shanks International atlas has similar information, and also the # Russian book Zaitsev A., Kutalev D. A new astrologer's reference # book. Coordinates of cities and time corrections, - The World of # Urania, 2012 (Russian: Зайцев А., Куталёв Д., Новый справочник # астролога. Координаты городов и временные поправки). # To me it seems that an extra zone is needed, which starts with LMT # util 1919, later follows Moscow since 1930, but deviates from it # between 1 October 1981 until 1 April 1982. d2781 1 a2781 2 # # From Paul Eggert (2022-02-15): d2828 1 a2828 1 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 20 d2838 1 a2838 1 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1994 May d3523 5 d3533 1 a3533 7 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT a3685 3 # An extra-special abbreviation style is SET for Swedish Time (svensk # normaltid) 1879-1899, 3° west of the Stockholm Observatory. a4001 21 # From Alois Triendl (2014-03-01): # REGULATION A N O V A on March 20, 1992 N 139 ... means that from # 1992 on, Ukraine had DST with begin time at 02:00 am, on last Sunday # in March, and end time 03:00 am, last Sunday in September.... # CABINET OF MINISTERS OF UKRAINE RESOLUTION on May 13, 1996 N 509 # "On the order of computation time on the territory of Ukraine" .... # As this cabinet decision is from May 1996, it seems likely that the # transition in March 1996, which predates it, was still at 2:00 am # and not at 3:00 as would have been under EU rules. # This is why I have set the change to EU rules into May 1996, # so that the change in March is stil covered by the Ukraine rule. # The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules.... # TZ database holds three other zones for Ukraine.... I have not yet # worked out the consequences for these three zones, as we (me and my # US colleague David Cochrane) are still trying to get more # information upon these local deviations from Kiev rules. # # From Paul Eggert (2022-02-08): # For now, assume that Ukraine's other three zones followed the same rules, # except that Crimea switched to Moscow time in 1994 as described elsewhere. d4091 1 a4091 1 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1996 May 13 d4104 2 a4105 2 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 20 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1996 May 13 d4118 1 a4118 2 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1992 Mar 20 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1996 May 13 @ 1.1.1.32 log @Import tzdata2022c from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download//2022bgtz/tzdata2022bgtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2022c (2022-08-15 17:47:18 -0700): * None. Summary of changes in tzdata2022b (2022-08-10 15:38:32 -0700): * Chile's 2022 DST start is delayed from September 4 to September 11. * Iran plans to stop observing DST permanently, after it falls back on 2022-09-21. * From fall 1994 through fall 1995, Shanks wrote that Crimea's DST transitions were at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00. * Iran adopted standard time in 1935, not 1946. * Chile's observance of -04 from 1946-08-29 through 1947-03-31 was considered DST, not standard time. * Some old, small clock transitions have been removed, as people at the time did not change their clocks. @ text @d306 2 a307 1 # transition for now and just use the latter value. d502 1 a502 1 Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 d561 1 a561 2 #STDOFF -0:25:21.1 Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:21 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 d1058 1 d1060 33 a1093 1 # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland a1106 1 a1113 1 d1333 2 a1334 1 # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document). a1336 1 #STDOFF 1:39:49.2 d1527 14 d1549 1 a1549 1 Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 d1660 32 a1711 1 a1716 1 d1831 1 a1831 1 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Oct 31 23:00u # Rome Mean a1835 3 Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino d1841 3 d1927 9 d1995 2 a2020 1 d2053 1 a2053 1 Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta d2135 15 d2161 43 d2227 3 a2229 2 #STDOFF 0:19:32.13 d2239 2 a2248 1 a2256 1 Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen d2301 1 a2301 1 # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin d2303 1 a2303 1 d2357 1 a2443 1 #STDOFF -0:36:44.68 d2452 1 a2454 5 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z. # -2:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # -1:00 Port %z 1983 Sep 25 1:00s # -1:00 W-Eur %z 1992 Sep 27 1:00s # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk. a2465 1 # End of rearguard section. d2468 1 a2470 3 # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support %z. # -1:00 Port %z 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking %z; see ziguard.awk. a2479 1 # End of rearguard section. d2898 3 a2900 3 # From Paul Eggert (2022-07-21): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reported that central Crimea switched # from Kyiv to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. d2904 1 a2904 1 # changed in May. This change evidently didn't last long; see below. d2906 2 a2907 2 # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also said that Kerch is still like Kyiv. 3:00 C-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 0:00s d2909 1 a2909 1 # IATA SSIM (1997-09) said Crimea switched to EET/EEST. d2911 1 d3080 1 a3080 1 # Milne says Yekaterinburg was 4:02:32.9. a3084 1 #STDOFF 4:02:32.9 d3396 2 a3397 2 # From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21): # Tomponsky and Ust-Maysky switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time d3522 2 a3523 2 # From Arthur David Olson (2022-03-21): # Oymyakonsky and the Kuril Islands switched from d3592 1 a3592 1 Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava d3687 1 a3687 1 Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u d3709 48 a3856 13 # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): # Büsingen , surrounded by the Swiss canton # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. # # Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 # # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): # Büsingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. a3864 2 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen d4073 1 a4073 1 # From Alois Treindl (2014-03-01): d4133 1 a4133 1 # From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kyiv time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): d4161 1 a4161 1 # From Paul Eggert (2022-04-12): d4163 10 a4172 10 # In particular, tzdb's name Europe/Kyiv uses the most common spelling in # English for Ukraine's capital. Although tzdb's former name was Europe/Kiev, # "Kyiv" is now more common due to widespread reporting of the current conflict. # Conversely, tzdb continues to use the names Europe/Uzhgorod and # Europe/Zaporozhye; this is similar to tzdb's use of Europe/Prague, which is # certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech "Praha". # English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is in flux, and # some day "Uzhhorod" or "Zaporizhzhia" may become substantially more # common in English; in the meantime, do not change these # English spellings as that means less disruption for our users. d4175 3 a4177 3 # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kyiv". Zone Europe/Kyiv 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kyiv Mean Time d4200 1 a4200 1 # "Zaporizhzhia" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but @ 1.1.1.33 log @Import tzdata2022d from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2022dgtz/tzdata2022dgtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2022d (2022-09-23 12:02:57 -0700): * Palestine now springs forward and falls back at 02:00 on the first Saturday on or after March 24 and October 24, respectively. * Simplify three Ukraine zones to one, since the post-1970 differences seem to have been imaginary. This is an update from 2022b to 2022d, there were no tzdata changes in 2022c @ text @d2779 4 a2782 8 # From Tim Parenti (2022-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): # The clocks at the railway station in Simferopol were put forward from 22:00 # to 24:00 the previous day in a "symbolic ceremony"; however, per # contemporaneous news reports, "ordinary Crimeans [made] the daylight savings # time switch at 2am" on Sunday. # https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/crimea-to-set-clocks-to-russia-time-114033000014_1.html # https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-crimea-time/crimea-switches-to-moscow-time-amid-incorporation-frenzy-idUKBREA2S0LT20140329 # https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-26806583 d3921 2 a3922 2 # From Paul Eggert (2022-08-27): # For now, assume that Ukraine's zones all followed the same rules, d3992 13 d4006 1 d4016 28 @ 1.1.1.34 log @Import tzdata2022e from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2022egtz/tzdata2022egtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2022e (2022-10-11 11:13:02 -0700): * Jordan and Syria are abandoning the DST regime and are changing to permanent +03, so they will not fall back from +03 to +02 on 2022-10-28. * On 1922-01-01 Tijuana adopted standard time at 00:00, not 01:00. @ text @d3559 1 a3559 1 Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00u @ 1.1.1.35 log @Import tzdata2022f from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2022fgtz/tzdata2022fgtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2022f (2022-10-28 18:04:57 -0700): * Mexico will no longer observe DST after 2022, except for areas near the US border that continue to observe US DST rules. * Fiji will not observe DST in 2022/3. * Simplify four Ontario zones, as most of the post-1970 differences seem to have been imaginary. @ text @d985 1 a985 1 # Bosnia & Herzegovina d1031 1 a1031 1 # Czech Republic (Czechia) d1059 2 a1060 1 # Denmark a1082 2 # Faroe Is # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] a1085 2 # Greenland d1314 1 a1471 46 # From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From # and # ). The law/regulation # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From # ) I have not been # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): # # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was # keeping Berlin time. # # says that the meteorologists # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite # frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. # # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an # Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says # ). The Svalbard FAQ # says that the Germans were # expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, # and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) # http://www.ucalgary.ca/UofC/departments/UP/1-55238/1-55238-110-2.html # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Berlin # for these regions. d1496 1 d1641 1 d1761 3 d1768 1 d1857 1 d2114 47 d3442 1 d3444 1 a3444 1 Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino d3698 2 a3699 1 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen d3904 1 d4008 1 a4008 2 Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican @ 1.1.1.36 log @Import tzdata2022g from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2022ggtz/tzdata2022ggtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2022g (2022-11-29 08:58:31 -0800): * In the Mexican state of Chihuahua, the border strip near the US will change to agree with nearby US locations on 2022-11-30. * Much of Greenland, represented by America/Nuuk, stops observing winter time after March 2023, so its daylight saving time becomes standard time. * Changes for pre-1996 northern Canada (thanks to Chris Walton): * Merge America/Iqaluit and America/Pangnirtung into the former, with a backward compatibility link for the latter name. * Cambridge Bay, Inuvik, Iqaluit, Rankin Inlet, Resolute and Yellowknife did not observe DST in 1965, and did observe DST from 1972 through 1979. * Whitehorse moved from -09 to -08 on 1966-02-27, not 1967-05-28. * Colombia's 1993 fallback was 02-06 24:00, not 04-04 00:00. * Singapore's 1981-12-31 change was at 16:00 UTC (23:30 local time), not 24:00 local time. Zones added by this update: America/Ciudad_Juarez @ text @a1166 7 # From Jonas Nyrup (2022-11-24): # On last Saturday in October 2023 when DST ends America/Nuuk will switch # from -03/-02 to -02/-01 # https://sermitsiaq.ag/forslagtidsforskel-danmark-mindskes-sommertid-beholdes # ... # https://sermitsiaq.ag/groenland-skifte-tidszone-trods-bekymringer a1167 16 # From Jürgen Appel (2022-11-25): # https://ina.gl/samlinger/oversigt-over-samlinger/samling/dagsordener/dagsorden.aspx?lang=da&day=24-11-2022 # If I understand this correctly, from the next planned switch to # summer time, Greenland will permanently stay at that time, i.e. no # switch back to winter time in 2023 will occur. # # From Paul Eggert (2022-11-28): # The official document in Danish # https://naalakkersuisut.gl/-/media/naalakkersuisut/filer/kundgoerelser/2022/11/2511/31_da_inatsisartutlov-om-tidens-bestemmelse.pdf?la=da&hash=A33597D8A38CC7038465241119EF34F3 # says standard time for Greenland is -02, that Naalakkersuisut can lay down # rules for DST and can require some areas to use a different time zone, # and that this all takes effect 2023-03-25 22:00. The abovementioned # "bekymringer" URL says the intent is no transition March 25, that # Greenland will not go back to winter time in fall 2023, and that # only America/Nuuk is affected (though further changes may occur). d1190 1 a1190 2 -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Mar 25 22:00 -2:00 - -02 @ 1.1.1.36.2.1 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #149: external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.36 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.43 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.35 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.31 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.17 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.37 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.5 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.33 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.23 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.10 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.26 doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) sync with HEAD: updated tzdata to 2023c @ text @d543 3 a545 1 # suffices.... d1177 13 a1189 12 # # From Thomas M. Steenholdt (2022-12-02): # - The bill to move America/Nuuk from UTC-03 to UTC-02 passed. # - The bill to stop observing DST did not (Greenland will stop observing DST # when EU does). # Details on the implementation are here (section 6): # https://ina.gl/dvd/EM%202022/pdf/media/2553529/pkt17_em2022_tidens_bestemmelse_bem_da.pdf # This is how the change will be implemented: # 1. The shift *to* DST in 2023 happens as normal. # 2. The shift *from* DST in 2023 happens as normal, but coincides with the # shift to UTC-02 normaltime (people will not change their clocks here). # 3. After this, DST is still observed, but as -02/-01 instead of -03/-02. d1213 2 a1214 2 -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU -02/-01 d1548 3 a1550 3 # https://www.ptb.de/cms/en/ptb/fachabteilungen/abt4/fb-44/ag-441/realisation-of-legal-time-in-germany/dst-and-midsummer-dst-in-germany-until-1979.html # says the following transition occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ # given in Shanks & Pottenger. Go with the PTB. d2454 1 a2454 1 # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 d2864 1 a2864 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s d2866 3 a2868 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK 2018 Oct 28 2:00s d2870 1 a2870 1 3:00 - MSK d2901 1 a2901 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s d2903 3 a2905 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK @ 1.1.1.36.2.2 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #520: external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.1.1.1 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.37 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.44 external/public-domain/tz/dist/README up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.36 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.32 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.1.1.18 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.1.1.27 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.1.1.13 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.38 external/public-domain/tz/dist/iso3166.tab up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.6 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.34 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.24 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.1.1.26 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.1.1.27 doc/3RDPARTY 1.1972 (patch) Import tzdata 2023d. @ text @a1186 17 # # From Múte Bourup Egede via Jógvan Svabo Samuelsen (2023-03-15): # Greenland will not switch to Daylight Saving Time this year, 2023, # because the standard time for Greenland will change from UTC -3 to UTC -2. # However, Greenland will change to Daylight Saving Time again in 2024 # and onwards. # From a contributor who wishes to remain anonymous for now (2023-10-29): # https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/seneste/i-nat-skal-uret-stilles-en-time-tilbage-men-foerste-gang-sker-det-ikke-i-groenland # with a link to that page: # https://naalakkersuisut.gl/Nyheder/2023/10/2710_sommertid # ... Ittoqqortoormiit joins the time of Nuuk at March 2024. # What would mean that America/Scoresbysund would either be in -01 year round # or in -02/-01 like America/Nuuk, but no longer in -01/+00. # # From Paul Eggert (2023-10-29): # For now, assume it will be like America/Nuuk. d1207 1 a1207 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU -02/-01 d1210 1 a1210 2 -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - -02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u d3931 5 a3935 1 # The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules. @ 1.1.1.36.2.3 log @Pull up the following, requested by kre in ticket #586: external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.1.1.38 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.1.1.45 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.37 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.1.1.33 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.1.1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.1.1.8 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.1.1.39 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.7 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds.awk up to 1.1.1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.1.1.35 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.1.1.25 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.1.1.19 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zishrink.awk up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.1.1.2 Updated tzdata to 2024a @ text @d1031 2 a1032 18 # From Ivan Benovic (2024-01-30): # https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1946/54/ # (This is an official link to the Czechoslovak Summer Time Act of # March 8, 1946 that authorizes the Czechoslovak government to set the # exact dates of change to summer time and back to Central European Time. # The act also implicitly confirms Central European Time as the # official time zone of Czechoslovakia and currently remains in force # in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia.) # https://www.psp.cz/eknih/1945pns/tisky/t0216_00.htm # (This is a link to the original legislative proposal dating back to # February 22, 1946. The accompanying memorandum to the proposal says # that an advisory committee on European railroad transportation that # met in Brussels in October 1945 decided that the change of time # should be carried out in all participating countries in a strictly # coordinated manner....) # # From Paul Eggert (2024-01-30): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. a1033 9 # Its main text disagrees with its quoted sources only in 1918, # where the main text says spring and autumn transitions # occurred at 02:00 and 03:00 respectively (as usual), # whereas the 1918 source "Oznámení o zavedení letního času v roce 1918" # says transitions were at 01:00 and 02:00 respectively. # As the 1918 source appears to be a humorous piece, and it is # unlikely that Prague would have disagreed with its neighbors by an hour, # go with the main text for now. # @ 1.1.1.36.2.4 log @Pullup the following revisions, requested by kre in ticket #1094: external/public-domain/tz/dist/zoneinfo2tdf.pl delete external/public-domain/tz/dist/CONTRIBUTING up to 1.1.1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/Makefile up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/NEWS up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/TZDATA_VERSION up to 1.41 external/public-domain/tz/dist/africa up to 1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/antarctica up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/asia up to 1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia up to 1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backward up to 1.12 external/public-domain/tz/dist/backzone up to 1.2 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checknow.awk up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/checktab.awk up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/etcetera up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/europe up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/factory up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leap-seconds.list up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/leapseconds up to 1.9 external/public-domain/tz/dist/northamerica up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/southamerica up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/theory.html up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/version up to 1.14 external/public-domain/tz/dist/ziguard.awk up to 1.1.1.11 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone.tab up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zone1970.tab up to 1.3 external/public-domain/tz/dist/zonenow.tab up to 1.3 distrib/sets/lists/base/mi (apply patch) doc/3RDPARTY (apply patch) Updated tzdata to 2025b (using 2025btgz) @ text @d756 8 d897 1 a897 1 3:00 - %z d1219 1 a1219 1 # From Jule Dabars (2023-10-29): d1240 2 a1241 2 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 1996 d1247 4 a1250 4 -2:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur %z 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU %z 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU %z d1252 4 a1255 4 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - %z 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU %z d2268 4 a2271 33 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07) and Michael # Deckers (2021-02-10): # http://oal.ul.pt/documentos/2018/01/hl1911a2018.pdf/ # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon has published a list detailing the # historical transitions in legal time within continental Portugal. It # directly references many decrees and ordinances which are, in turn, # referenced below. They can be viewed in the public archives of the Diário da # República (until 1976-04-09 known as the Diário do Govêrno) at # https://dre.pt/ (in Portuguese). # # Most of the Rules below have been updated simply to match the Observatory's # listing for continental (mainland) Portugal. Although there are over 50 # referenced decrees and ordinances, only the handful with comments below have # been verified against the text, typically to provide additional confidence # wherever dates provided by Whitman and Shanks & Pottenger had disagreed. # See further below for the Azores and Madeira. # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a # heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: # According to a 1911-05-24 Portuguese decree, Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but # switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/593090 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/593090 # The decree made legal time throughout Portugal and her possessions # "subordinate to the Greenwich meridian, according to the principle adopted at # the Washington Convention in 1884" and eliminated the "difference of five # minutes between the internal and external clocks of railway stations". # # The decree was gazetted in the 1911-05-30 issue of Diário do Govêrno, and is # considered to be dated 1911-05-24 by that issue's summary; however, the text # of the decree itself is dated 1911-05-26. The Diário da República website # notes the discrepancy, but later laws and the Observatory all seem to refer # to this decree by the 1911-05-24 date. d2279 16 d2296 3 a2298 19 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (1999-01-30): # DSH writes in their history that Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 established # summer time and that, "despite" this, the change to the clocks was not done # every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. # In fact, that decree had nothing to do with DST; rather, it regulated the # sending of time signals. But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/1469-1915-285721 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/285721 # # According to the Observatory, standard time was first advanced by Decreto # 2433 of 1916-06-09 and restored by Decreto 2712 of 1916-10-28. While Whitman # gives 1916-10-31 for the latter transition, Shanks & Pottenger agrees more # closely with the decree, which stated that its provision "will start sixty # minutes after the end of 31 October, according to the current time," i.e., # 01:00 on 1 November. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2433-1916-267192 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/267192 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2712-1916-590937 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/590937 d2300 1 d2302 6 a2307 32 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Article 7 of Decreto 2922 of 1916-12-30 stated that "the legal time will be # advanced by sixty minutes from 1 March to 31 October." Per Article 15, this # came into force from 1917-01-01. Just before the first fall back, Decreto # 3446 of 1917-10-11 changed the annual end date to 14 October. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2922-1916-261894 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/261894 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/3446-1917-495161 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/495161 # This annual change was revoked by Decreto 8038 of 1922-02-18. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/8038-1922-569751 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/569751 Rule Port 1917 1921 - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 24:00 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto 9592 of 1924-04-14 noted that "France maintains the advance of legal # time in the summer and Spain has now adopted it for the first time" and # considered "that the absence of similar measures would cause serious # difficulties for international rail connections with consequent repercussions # on domestic service hours..." along with "inconvenient analogues...for postal # and telegraph services." Summer time would be in effect from 17 April to 4 # October, with the spring change explicitly specified by bringing clocks # forward from 16 April 23:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/9592-1924-652133 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/652133 # # Decreto 10700, issued 1925-04-16, noted that Spain had not continued summer # time, declared that "the current legal hour prior to 17 April remains # unchanged from that day forward", and revoked legislation to the contrary, # just a day before summer time would have otherwise resumed. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/10700-1925-437826 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/437826 d2309 1 a2309 1 Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - a2320 2 # Note: The 1935 law specified 10-06 00:00, not 10-05 24:00, but the following # is equivalent and more succinct. a2330 9 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Portaria 9465 of 1940-02-17 advanced clocks from Saturday 1940-02-24 23:00. # The clocks were restored by Portaria 9658, issued Monday 1940-10-07, # effective from 24:00 that very night, which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger; # Whitman gives Saturday 1940-10-05 instead. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9465-1940-189096 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/189096 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9658-1940-196729 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/196729 d2332 2 a2333 1 Rule Port 1940 only - Oct 7 23:00s 0 - a2334 1 Rule Port 1941 only - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - d2344 3 a2346 22 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07): # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon cites Portaria 11767 of 1947-03-28 for # 1947 and Portaria 12286 of 1948-02-19 for 1948. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/11767-1947-414787 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/414787 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/12286-1948-152953 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/152953 # # Although the latter ordinance explicitly had the 1948-10-03 transition # scheduled for 02:00 rather than 03:00 as had been used in 1947, Decreto-Lei # 37048 of 1948-09-07 recognized "that it is advisable to definitely set...the # 'summer time' regime", and fixed the fall transition at 03:00 moving forward. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/37048-1948-373810 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/373810 # While the Observatory only cites this act for 1949-1965 and not for 1948, it # does not appear to have had any provision delaying its effect, so assume that # it overrode the prior ordinance for 1948-10-03. # # Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950 and gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on. # The Observatory, however, agrees with Shanks & Pottenger that 1950 was not an # exception and that Oct Sun>=1 was maintained through 1965. Rule Port 1947 1966 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S d2348 8 a2355 61 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01 considered that the "duality" in time was # "the cause of serious disturbances" and noted that "the countries with which # we have the most frequent contacts...have already adopted" a solution # coinciding with the extant "summer time". It established that the former # "summer time" would apply year-round on the mainland and adjacent islands # with immediate effect, as the fall back would have otherwise occurred later # that evening. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/47233-1966-293729 # Model this by changing zones without changing clocks at the # previously-appointed fall back time. # # Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 acknowledged that those international # contacts had returned to adopting seasonal times, and considered that the # year-round advancement "entails considerable sacrifices for the vast majority # of the working population during the winter months", including morning # visibility concerns for schoolchildren. It specified, beginning 1976-09-26 # 01:00, an annual return to UT+00 on the mainland from 00:00 UT on Sep lastSun # to 00:00 UT on Mar lastSun (unless the latter date fell on Easter, in which # case it was to be brought forward to the preceding Sunday). It also assigned # the Permanent Time Commission to study and propose revisions for the Azores # and Madeira, neither of which resumed DST until 1982 (as described further # below). # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/309-1976-502063 Rule Port 1976 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Beginning in 1978, rather than triggering the Easter rule of the 1976 decree # (Easter fell on 1978-03-26), Article 5 was used instead, which allowed DST # dates to be changed by order of the Minister of Education and Scientific # Research, upon consultation with the Permanent Time Commission, "whenever # considered convenient." As such, a series of one-off ordinances were # promulgated for the mainland in 1978 through 1980, after which the 1976 # decree naturally came back into force from 1981. Rule Port 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1979 1980 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1981 1986 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1985 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 44-B/86 of 1986-03-07 switched mainland Portugal's transition # times from 0:00s to 1:00u to harmonize with the EEC from 1986-03-30. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/44-b-1986-628280 # (Transitions of 1:00s as previously reported and used by the W-Eur rules, # though equivalent, appear to have been fiction here.) Madeira continued to # use 0:00s for spring 1986 before joining with the mainland using 1:00u in the # fall; meanwhile, in the Azores the two were equivalent, so the law specifying # 0:00s wasn't touched until 1992. (See below for more on the islands.) # # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. # # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. d2361 1 a2361 1 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2363 2 a2364 2 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 0:00 EU WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00u a2366 11 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # For the Azores and Madeira, legislation was followed from the laws currently # in force as listed at: # https://oal.ul.pt/hora-legal/legislacao/ # working backward through references of revocation and abrogation to # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01, the last time DST was abolished across the # mainland and its adjacent islands. Because of that reference, it is # therefore assumed that DST rules in the islands prior to 1966 were like that # of the mainland, though most legislation of the time didn't explicitly # specify DST practices for the islands. d2370 3 a2372 17 -2:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # While Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 reintroduced DST on the mainland by # falling back on 1976-09-26, it assigned the Permanent Time Commission to # study and propose revisions for the Azores and Madeira. Decreto Regional # 9/77/A of 1977-05-17 affirmed that "the legal time remained unchanged in the # Azores" at UT-1, and would remain there year-round. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/9-1977-252066 # # Decreto Regional 2/82/A, published 1982-03-02, adopted DST in the same # fashion as the mainland used at the time. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/2-1982-599965 # Though transitions in the Azores officially remained at 0:00s through 1992, # this was equivalent to the EU-style 1:00u adopted by the mainland in 1986, so # model it as such. -1:00 - %z 1982 Mar 28 0:00s -1:00 Port %z 1986 d2374 11 a2384 11 # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # -1:00 - -01 1982 Mar 28 0:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1986 d2386 2 a2387 20 # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # After mainland Portugal had shifted forward an hour from 1992-09-27, Decreto # Legislativo Regional 29/92/A of 1992-12-23 sought to "reduce the time # difference" by shifting the Azores forward as well from 1992-12-27. Just six # months later, this was revoked by Decreto Legislativo Regional 9/93/A, citing # "major changes in work habits and way of life." Though the revocation didn't # give a transition time, it was signed Wednesday 1993-06-16; assume it took # effect later that evening, and that an EU-style spring forward (to +01) was # still observed in the interim on 1993-03-28. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/29-1992-621553 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/9-1993-389633 -1:00 EU %z 1992 Dec 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Jun 17 1:00u -1:00 EU %z d2391 1 a2391 1 -1:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2393 9 a2401 9 # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2403 1 a2403 15 # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto Regional 5/82/M, published 1982-04-03, established DST transitions at # 0:00u, which for Madeira is equivalent to the mainland's rules (0:00s) at the # time. It came into effect the day following its publication, Sunday # 1982-04-04, thus resuming Madeira's DST practice about a week later than the # mainland and the Azores. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/5-1982-608273 # # Decreto Legislativo Regional 18/86/M, published 1986-10-01, adopted EU-style # rules (1:00u) and entered into immediate force after being signed on # 1986-07-31. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/18-1986-221705 0:00 - WET 1982 Apr 4 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 Jul 31 d2615 1 a2615 1 3:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2865 8 a2872 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2902 3 a2904 3 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s d2906 1 a2906 1 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s d2910 1 a2910 1 4:00 - %z 2020 Dec 27 2:00s d2925 8 a2932 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2940 2 a2941 2 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s d2943 1 a2943 1 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s d2958 9 a2966 9 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2982 8 a2989 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d3014 6 a3019 6 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - %z d3029 6 a3034 6 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z d3067 8 a3074 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1995 May 28 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3088 8 a3095 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3140 8 a3147 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3178 6 a3183 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3197 6 a3202 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3219 6 a3224 6 7:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z d3241 7 a3247 7 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - %z d3287 6 a3292 6 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z d3310 6 a3315 6 9:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z d3333 8 a3340 8 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2004 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z d3356 8 a3363 8 9:00 - %z 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3386 7 a3392 7 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3437 6 a3442 6 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3460 8 a3467 8 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z d3480 6 a3485 6 11:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z d3493 7 a3499 7 12:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia %z 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z d3627 1 a3627 1 -1:00 - %z 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3713 2 a3714 2 # From Paul Eggert (2024-05-24): # Express BMT as 0:29:45.500, approximately the same precision 7° 26' 22.50". a3752 1 #STDOFF 0:29:45.500 d3951 1 a3951 1 3:00 Turkey %z 1984 Nov 1 2:00 d3960 1 a3960 1 3:00 - %z @ 1.1.1.37 log @Import tzdata2023a from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2023agtz/tzdata2023agtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2023a (2023-03-22 12:39:33 -0700): * Starting in 2023, Egypt will observe DST from April's last Friday through October's last Thursday. * In 2023 Morocco's summer time start transition after Ramadan will occur April 23, not April 30. * This year Palestine will delay the start of summer time from March 25 to April 29 due to Ramadan. * Much of Greenland, represented by America/Nuuk, will continue to observe DST using European Union rules. * America/Yellowknife has changed from a Zone to a backward compatibility Link, as it no longer differs from America/Edmonton since 1970. * Changes to commentary. @ text @d543 3 a545 1 # suffices.... d1177 13 a1189 12 # # From Thomas M. Steenholdt (2022-12-02): # - The bill to move America/Nuuk from UTC-03 to UTC-02 passed. # - The bill to stop observing DST did not (Greenland will stop observing DST # when EU does). # Details on the implementation are here (section 6): # https://ina.gl/dvd/EM%202022/pdf/media/2553529/pkt17_em2022_tidens_bestemmelse_bem_da.pdf # This is how the change will be implemented: # 1. The shift *to* DST in 2023 happens as normal. # 2. The shift *from* DST in 2023 happens as normal, but coincides with the # shift to UTC-02 normaltime (people will not change their clocks here). # 3. After this, DST is still observed, but as -02/-01 instead of -03/-02. d1213 2 a1214 2 -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU -02/-01 d1548 3 a1550 3 # https://www.ptb.de/cms/en/ptb/fachabteilungen/abt4/fb-44/ag-441/realisation-of-legal-time-in-germany/dst-and-midsummer-dst-in-germany-until-1979.html # says the following transition occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ # given in Shanks & Pottenger. Go with the PTB. d2454 1 a2454 1 # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/(Spravka)?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 d2864 1 a2864 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s d2866 3 a2868 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK 2018 Oct 28 2:00s d2870 1 a2870 1 3:00 - MSK d2901 1 a2901 1 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s d2903 3 a2905 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK @ 1.1.1.38 log @Import tzdata2023d from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2023dgtz/tzdata2023dgtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2023d (2023-12-21 20:02:24 -0800): * Ittoqqortoormiit, Greenland (America/Scoresbysund) joins most of the rest of Greenland's timekeeping practice on 2024-03-31, by changing its time zone from -01/+00 to -02/-01. * Fix predictions for DST transitions in Palestine in 2072-2075, correcting a typo introduced in 2023a. * Various fixes to zones for several Antarctic bases. @ text @a1186 17 # # From Múte Bourup Egede via Jógvan Svabo Samuelsen (2023-03-15): # Greenland will not switch to Daylight Saving Time this year, 2023, # because the standard time for Greenland will change from UTC -3 to UTC -2. # However, Greenland will change to Daylight Saving Time again in 2024 # and onwards. # From a contributor who wishes to remain anonymous for now (2023-10-29): # https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/seneste/i-nat-skal-uret-stilles-en-time-tilbage-men-foerste-gang-sker-det-ikke-i-groenland # with a link to that page: # https://naalakkersuisut.gl/Nyheder/2023/10/2710_sommertid # ... Ittoqqortoormiit joins the time of Nuuk at March 2024. # What would mean that America/Scoresbysund would either be in -01 year round # or in -02/-01 like America/Nuuk, but no longer in -01/+00. # # From Paul Eggert (2023-10-29): # For now, assume it will be like America/Nuuk. d1207 1 a1207 2 -1:00 EU -01/+00 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU -02/-01 d1210 1 a1210 2 -3:00 EU -03/-02 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - -02 2023 Oct 29 1:00u d3931 5 a3935 1 # The next change in October 1996 happened under EU rules. @ 1.1.1.39 log @Import tzdata2024a from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2024agtz/tzdata2024agtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2024a (2024-02-01 09:28:56 -0800): * Kazakhstan unifies on UTC+5. * Palestine summer time begins a week later than previously predicted in 2024 and 2025. * Historic corrections for Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh (1955) America/Toronto (1947-9) and America/Miquelon (1911). @ text @d1031 2 a1032 18 # From Ivan Benovic (2024-01-30): # https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1946/54/ # (This is an official link to the Czechoslovak Summer Time Act of # March 8, 1946 that authorizes the Czechoslovak government to set the # exact dates of change to summer time and back to Central European Time. # The act also implicitly confirms Central European Time as the # official time zone of Czechoslovakia and currently remains in force # in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia.) # https://www.psp.cz/eknih/1945pns/tisky/t0216_00.htm # (This is a link to the original legislative proposal dating back to # February 22, 1946. The accompanying memorandum to the proposal says # that an advisory committee on European railroad transportation that # met in Brussels in October 1945 decided that the change of time # should be carried out in all participating countries in a strictly # coordinated manner....) # # From Paul Eggert (2024-01-30): # The source for Czech data is: Kdy začíná a končí letní čas. a1033 9 # Its main text disagrees with its quoted sources only in 1918, # where the main text says spring and autumn transitions # occurred at 02:00 and 03:00 respectively (as usual), # whereas the 1918 source "Oznámení o zavedení letního času v roce 1918" # says transitions were at 01:00 and 02:00 respectively. # As the 1918 source appears to be a humorous piece, and it is # unlikely that Prague would have disagreed with its neighbors by an hour, # go with the main text for now. # @ 1.1.1.39.2.1 log @Sync with HEAD @ text @d756 8 d897 1 a897 1 3:00 - %z d1219 1 a1219 1 # From Jule Dabars (2023-10-29): d1240 2 a1241 2 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 1996 d1247 4 a1250 4 -2:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur %z 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU %z 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU %z d1252 4 a1255 4 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - %z 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU %z d2268 4 a2271 33 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07) and Michael # Deckers (2021-02-10): # http://oal.ul.pt/documentos/2018/01/hl1911a2018.pdf/ # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon has published a list detailing the # historical transitions in legal time within continental Portugal. It # directly references many decrees and ordinances which are, in turn, # referenced below. They can be viewed in the public archives of the Diário da # República (until 1976-04-09 known as the Diário do Govêrno) at # https://dre.pt/ (in Portuguese). # # Most of the Rules below have been updated simply to match the Observatory's # listing for continental (mainland) Portugal. Although there are over 50 # referenced decrees and ordinances, only the handful with comments below have # been verified against the text, typically to provide additional confidence # wherever dates provided by Whitman and Shanks & Pottenger had disagreed. # See further below for the Azores and Madeira. # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a # heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: # According to a 1911-05-24 Portuguese decree, Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but # switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/593090 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/593090 # The decree made legal time throughout Portugal and her possessions # "subordinate to the Greenwich meridian, according to the principle adopted at # the Washington Convention in 1884" and eliminated the "difference of five # minutes between the internal and external clocks of railway stations". # # The decree was gazetted in the 1911-05-30 issue of Diário do Govêrno, and is # considered to be dated 1911-05-24 by that issue's summary; however, the text # of the decree itself is dated 1911-05-26. The Diário da República website # notes the discrepancy, but later laws and the Observatory all seem to refer # to this decree by the 1911-05-24 date. d2279 16 d2296 3 a2298 19 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (1999-01-30): # DSH writes in their history that Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 established # summer time and that, "despite" this, the change to the clocks was not done # every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. # In fact, that decree had nothing to do with DST; rather, it regulated the # sending of time signals. But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/1469-1915-285721 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/285721 # # According to the Observatory, standard time was first advanced by Decreto # 2433 of 1916-06-09 and restored by Decreto 2712 of 1916-10-28. While Whitman # gives 1916-10-31 for the latter transition, Shanks & Pottenger agrees more # closely with the decree, which stated that its provision "will start sixty # minutes after the end of 31 October, according to the current time," i.e., # 01:00 on 1 November. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2433-1916-267192 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/267192 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2712-1916-590937 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/590937 d2300 1 d2302 6 a2307 32 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Article 7 of Decreto 2922 of 1916-12-30 stated that "the legal time will be # advanced by sixty minutes from 1 March to 31 October." Per Article 15, this # came into force from 1917-01-01. Just before the first fall back, Decreto # 3446 of 1917-10-11 changed the annual end date to 14 October. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2922-1916-261894 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/261894 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/3446-1917-495161 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/495161 # This annual change was revoked by Decreto 8038 of 1922-02-18. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/8038-1922-569751 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/569751 Rule Port 1917 1921 - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 24:00 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto 9592 of 1924-04-14 noted that "France maintains the advance of legal # time in the summer and Spain has now adopted it for the first time" and # considered "that the absence of similar measures would cause serious # difficulties for international rail connections with consequent repercussions # on domestic service hours..." along with "inconvenient analogues...for postal # and telegraph services." Summer time would be in effect from 17 April to 4 # October, with the spring change explicitly specified by bringing clocks # forward from 16 April 23:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/9592-1924-652133 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/652133 # # Decreto 10700, issued 1925-04-16, noted that Spain had not continued summer # time, declared that "the current legal hour prior to 17 April remains # unchanged from that day forward", and revoked legislation to the contrary, # just a day before summer time would have otherwise resumed. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/10700-1925-437826 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/437826 d2309 1 a2309 1 Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - a2320 2 # Note: The 1935 law specified 10-06 00:00, not 10-05 24:00, but the following # is equivalent and more succinct. a2330 9 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Portaria 9465 of 1940-02-17 advanced clocks from Saturday 1940-02-24 23:00. # The clocks were restored by Portaria 9658, issued Monday 1940-10-07, # effective from 24:00 that very night, which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger; # Whitman gives Saturday 1940-10-05 instead. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9465-1940-189096 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/189096 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9658-1940-196729 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/196729 d2332 2 a2333 1 Rule Port 1940 only - Oct 7 23:00s 0 - a2334 1 Rule Port 1941 only - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - d2344 3 a2346 22 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07): # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon cites Portaria 11767 of 1947-03-28 for # 1947 and Portaria 12286 of 1948-02-19 for 1948. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/11767-1947-414787 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/414787 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/12286-1948-152953 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/152953 # # Although the latter ordinance explicitly had the 1948-10-03 transition # scheduled for 02:00 rather than 03:00 as had been used in 1947, Decreto-Lei # 37048 of 1948-09-07 recognized "that it is advisable to definitely set...the # 'summer time' regime", and fixed the fall transition at 03:00 moving forward. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/37048-1948-373810 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/373810 # While the Observatory only cites this act for 1949-1965 and not for 1948, it # does not appear to have had any provision delaying its effect, so assume that # it overrode the prior ordinance for 1948-10-03. # # Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950 and gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on. # The Observatory, however, agrees with Shanks & Pottenger that 1950 was not an # exception and that Oct Sun>=1 was maintained through 1965. Rule Port 1947 1966 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S d2348 8 a2355 61 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01 considered that the "duality" in time was # "the cause of serious disturbances" and noted that "the countries with which # we have the most frequent contacts...have already adopted" a solution # coinciding with the extant "summer time". It established that the former # "summer time" would apply year-round on the mainland and adjacent islands # with immediate effect, as the fall back would have otherwise occurred later # that evening. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/47233-1966-293729 # Model this by changing zones without changing clocks at the # previously-appointed fall back time. # # Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 acknowledged that those international # contacts had returned to adopting seasonal times, and considered that the # year-round advancement "entails considerable sacrifices for the vast majority # of the working population during the winter months", including morning # visibility concerns for schoolchildren. It specified, beginning 1976-09-26 # 01:00, an annual return to UT+00 on the mainland from 00:00 UT on Sep lastSun # to 00:00 UT on Mar lastSun (unless the latter date fell on Easter, in which # case it was to be brought forward to the preceding Sunday). It also assigned # the Permanent Time Commission to study and propose revisions for the Azores # and Madeira, neither of which resumed DST until 1982 (as described further # below). # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/309-1976-502063 Rule Port 1976 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Beginning in 1978, rather than triggering the Easter rule of the 1976 decree # (Easter fell on 1978-03-26), Article 5 was used instead, which allowed DST # dates to be changed by order of the Minister of Education and Scientific # Research, upon consultation with the Permanent Time Commission, "whenever # considered convenient." As such, a series of one-off ordinances were # promulgated for the mainland in 1978 through 1980, after which the 1976 # decree naturally came back into force from 1981. Rule Port 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1979 1980 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1981 1986 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1985 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 44-B/86 of 1986-03-07 switched mainland Portugal's transition # times from 0:00s to 1:00u to harmonize with the EEC from 1986-03-30. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/44-b-1986-628280 # (Transitions of 1:00s as previously reported and used by the W-Eur rules, # though equivalent, appear to have been fiction here.) Madeira continued to # use 0:00s for spring 1986 before joining with the mainland using 1:00u in the # fall; meanwhile, in the Azores the two were equivalent, so the law specifying # 0:00s wasn't touched until 1992. (See below for more on the islands.) # # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. # # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. d2361 1 a2361 1 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2363 2 a2364 2 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 0:00 EU WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00u a2366 11 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # For the Azores and Madeira, legislation was followed from the laws currently # in force as listed at: # https://oal.ul.pt/hora-legal/legislacao/ # working backward through references of revocation and abrogation to # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01, the last time DST was abolished across the # mainland and its adjacent islands. Because of that reference, it is # therefore assumed that DST rules in the islands prior to 1966 were like that # of the mainland, though most legislation of the time didn't explicitly # specify DST practices for the islands. d2370 3 a2372 17 -2:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # While Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 reintroduced DST on the mainland by # falling back on 1976-09-26, it assigned the Permanent Time Commission to # study and propose revisions for the Azores and Madeira. Decreto Regional # 9/77/A of 1977-05-17 affirmed that "the legal time remained unchanged in the # Azores" at UT-1, and would remain there year-round. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/9-1977-252066 # # Decreto Regional 2/82/A, published 1982-03-02, adopted DST in the same # fashion as the mainland used at the time. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/2-1982-599965 # Though transitions in the Azores officially remained at 0:00s through 1992, # this was equivalent to the EU-style 1:00u adopted by the mainland in 1986, so # model it as such. -1:00 - %z 1982 Mar 28 0:00s -1:00 Port %z 1986 d2374 11 a2384 11 # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # -1:00 - -01 1982 Mar 28 0:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1986 d2386 2 a2387 20 # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # After mainland Portugal had shifted forward an hour from 1992-09-27, Decreto # Legislativo Regional 29/92/A of 1992-12-23 sought to "reduce the time # difference" by shifting the Azores forward as well from 1992-12-27. Just six # months later, this was revoked by Decreto Legislativo Regional 9/93/A, citing # "major changes in work habits and way of life." Though the revocation didn't # give a transition time, it was signed Wednesday 1993-06-16; assume it took # effect later that evening, and that an EU-style spring forward (to +01) was # still observed in the interim on 1993-03-28. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/29-1992-621553 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/9-1993-389633 -1:00 EU %z 1992 Dec 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Jun 17 1:00u -1:00 EU %z d2391 1 a2391 1 -1:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2393 9 a2401 9 # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2403 1 a2403 15 # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto Regional 5/82/M, published 1982-04-03, established DST transitions at # 0:00u, which for Madeira is equivalent to the mainland's rules (0:00s) at the # time. It came into effect the day following its publication, Sunday # 1982-04-04, thus resuming Madeira's DST practice about a week later than the # mainland and the Azores. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/5-1982-608273 # # Decreto Legislativo Regional 18/86/M, published 1986-10-01, adopted EU-style # rules (1:00u) and entered into immediate force after being signed on # 1986-07-31. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/18-1986-221705 0:00 - WET 1982 Apr 4 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 Jul 31 d2615 1 a2615 1 3:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2865 8 a2872 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2902 3 a2904 3 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s d2906 1 a2906 1 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s d2910 1 a2910 1 4:00 - %z 2020 Dec 27 2:00s d2925 8 a2932 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2940 2 a2941 2 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s d2943 1 a2943 1 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s d2958 9 a2966 9 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2982 8 a2989 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d3014 6 a3019 6 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - %z d3029 6 a3034 6 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z d3067 8 a3074 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1995 May 28 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3088 8 a3095 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3140 8 a3147 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3178 6 a3183 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3197 6 a3202 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3219 6 a3224 6 7:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z d3241 7 a3247 7 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - %z d3287 6 a3292 6 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z d3310 6 a3315 6 9:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z d3333 8 a3340 8 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2004 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z d3356 8 a3363 8 9:00 - %z 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3386 7 a3392 7 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3437 6 a3442 6 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3460 8 a3467 8 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z d3480 6 a3485 6 11:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z d3493 7 a3499 7 12:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia %z 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z d3627 1 a3627 1 -1:00 - %z 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3713 2 a3714 2 # From Paul Eggert (2024-05-24): # Express BMT as 0:29:45.500, approximately the same precision 7° 26' 22.50". a3752 1 #STDOFF 0:29:45.500 d3951 1 a3951 1 3:00 Turkey %z 1984 Nov 1 2:00 d3960 1 a3960 1 3:00 - %z @ 1.1.1.40 log @Import tzdata2024b from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2024bgtz/tzdata2024bgtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2024b (2024-09-04 12:27:47 -0700): * Asia/Choibalsan is now an alias for Asia/Ulaanbaatar rather than being a separate Zone with differing behavior before April 2008. * Historical transitions for Mexico have been updated based on official Mexican decrees. * Historical transitions for Portugal, represented by Europe/Lisbon, Atlantic/Azores, and Atlantic/Madeira, have been updated based on a close reading of old Portuguese legislation, replacing previous data mainly originating from Whitman and Shanks & Pottenger. * Changes to documentation. * Changes to commentary. None of these changes are significant, so no pullups of this update are planned. The next update, whenever that occurs, when something that matters alters, is likely to be pulled up. @ text @d756 8 d897 1 a897 1 3:00 - %z d1240 2 a1241 2 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 1996 d1247 4 a1250 4 -2:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur %z 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU %z 2024 Mar 31 -2:00 EU %z d1252 4 a1255 4 -3:00 - %z 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU %z 2023 Mar 26 1:00u -2:00 - %z 2023 Oct 29 1:00u -2:00 EU %z d2268 4 a2271 33 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07) and Michael # Deckers (2021-02-10): # http://oal.ul.pt/documentos/2018/01/hl1911a2018.pdf/ # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon has published a list detailing the # historical transitions in legal time within continental Portugal. It # directly references many decrees and ordinances which are, in turn, # referenced below. They can be viewed in the public archives of the Diário da # República (until 1976-04-09 known as the Diário do Govêrno) at # https://dre.pt/ (in Portuguese). # # Most of the Rules below have been updated simply to match the Observatory's # listing for continental (mainland) Portugal. Although there are over 50 # referenced decrees and ordinances, only the handful with comments below have # been verified against the text, typically to provide additional confidence # wherever dates provided by Whitman and Shanks & Pottenger had disagreed. # See further below for the Azores and Madeira. # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2014-08-11), after a # heads-up from Stephen Colebourne: # According to a 1911-05-24 Portuguese decree, Lisbon was at -0:36:44.68, but # switched to GMT on 1912-01-01 at 00:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/593090 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/593090 # The decree made legal time throughout Portugal and her possessions # "subordinate to the Greenwich meridian, according to the principle adopted at # the Washington Convention in 1884" and eliminated the "difference of five # minutes between the internal and external clocks of railway stations". # # The decree was gazetted in the 1911-05-30 issue of Diário do Govêrno, and is # considered to be dated 1911-05-24 by that issue's summary; however, the text # of the decree itself is dated 1911-05-26. The Diário da República website # notes the discrepancy, but later laws and the Observatory all seem to refer # to this decree by the 1911-05-24 date. d2279 16 d2296 3 a2298 19 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (1999-01-30): # DSH writes in their history that Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 established # summer time and that, "despite" this, the change to the clocks was not done # every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. # In fact, that decree had nothing to do with DST; rather, it regulated the # sending of time signals. But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/1469-1915-285721 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/285721 # # According to the Observatory, standard time was first advanced by Decreto # 2433 of 1916-06-09 and restored by Decreto 2712 of 1916-10-28. While Whitman # gives 1916-10-31 for the latter transition, Shanks & Pottenger agrees more # closely with the decree, which stated that its provision "will start sixty # minutes after the end of 31 October, according to the current time," i.e., # 01:00 on 1 November. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2433-1916-267192 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/267192 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2712-1916-590937 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/590937 d2300 1 d2302 6 a2307 32 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Article 7 of Decreto 2922 of 1916-12-30 stated that "the legal time will be # advanced by sixty minutes from 1 March to 31 October." Per Article 15, this # came into force from 1917-01-01. Just before the first fall back, Decreto # 3446 of 1917-10-11 changed the annual end date to 14 October. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/2922-1916-261894 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/261894 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/3446-1917-495161 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/495161 # This annual change was revoked by Decreto 8038 of 1922-02-18. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/8038-1922-569751 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/569751 Rule Port 1917 1921 - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 24:00 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto 9592 of 1924-04-14 noted that "France maintains the advance of legal # time in the summer and Spain has now adopted it for the first time" and # considered "that the absence of similar measures would cause serious # difficulties for international rail connections with consequent repercussions # on domestic service hours..." along with "inconvenient analogues...for postal # and telegraph services." Summer time would be in effect from 17 April to 4 # October, with the spring change explicitly specified by bringing clocks # forward from 16 April 23:00. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/9592-1924-652133 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/652133 # # Decreto 10700, issued 1925-04-16, noted that Spain had not continued summer # time, declared that "the current legal hour prior to 17 April remains # unchanged from that day forward", and revoked legislation to the contrary, # just a day before summer time would have otherwise resumed. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto/10700-1925-437826 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/437826 d2309 1 a2309 1 Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - a2320 2 # Note: The 1935 law specified 10-06 00:00, not 10-05 24:00, but the following # is equivalent and more succinct. a2330 9 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Portaria 9465 of 1940-02-17 advanced clocks from Saturday 1940-02-24 23:00. # The clocks were restored by Portaria 9658, issued Monday 1940-10-07, # effective from 24:00 that very night, which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger; # Whitman gives Saturday 1940-10-05 instead. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9465-1940-189096 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/189096 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/9658-1940-196729 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/196729 d2332 2 a2333 1 Rule Port 1940 only - Oct 7 23:00s 0 - a2334 1 Rule Port 1941 only - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - d2344 3 a2346 22 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Alois Treindl (2021-02-07): # The Astronomical Observatory of Lisbon cites Portaria 11767 of 1947-03-28 for # 1947 and Portaria 12286 of 1948-02-19 for 1948. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/11767-1947-414787 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/414787 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/portaria/12286-1948-152953 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/152953 # # Although the latter ordinance explicitly had the 1948-10-03 transition # scheduled for 02:00 rather than 03:00 as had been used in 1947, Decreto-Lei # 37048 of 1948-09-07 recognized "that it is advisable to definitely set...the # 'summer time' regime", and fixed the fall transition at 03:00 moving forward. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/37048-1948-373810 # https://dre.pt/application/conteudo/373810 # While the Observatory only cites this act for 1949-1965 and not for 1948, it # does not appear to have had any provision delaying its effect, so assume that # it overrode the prior ordinance for 1948-10-03. # # Whitman says DST was not observed in 1950 and gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on. # The Observatory, however, agrees with Shanks & Pottenger that 1950 was not an # exception and that Oct Sun>=1 was maintained through 1965. Rule Port 1947 1966 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S d2348 8 a2355 61 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01 considered that the "duality" in time was # "the cause of serious disturbances" and noted that "the countries with which # we have the most frequent contacts...have already adopted" a solution # coinciding with the extant "summer time". It established that the former # "summer time" would apply year-round on the mainland and adjacent islands # with immediate effect, as the fall back would have otherwise occurred later # that evening. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/47233-1966-293729 # Model this by changing zones without changing clocks at the # previously-appointed fall back time. # # Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 acknowledged that those international # contacts had returned to adopting seasonal times, and considered that the # year-round advancement "entails considerable sacrifices for the vast majority # of the working population during the winter months", including morning # visibility concerns for schoolchildren. It specified, beginning 1976-09-26 # 01:00, an annual return to UT+00 on the mainland from 00:00 UT on Sep lastSun # to 00:00 UT on Mar lastSun (unless the latter date fell on Easter, in which # case it was to be brought forward to the preceding Sunday). It also assigned # the Permanent Time Commission to study and propose revisions for the Azores # and Madeira, neither of which resumed DST until 1982 (as described further # below). # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/309-1976-502063 Rule Port 1976 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Beginning in 1978, rather than triggering the Easter rule of the 1976 decree # (Easter fell on 1978-03-26), Article 5 was used instead, which allowed DST # dates to be changed by order of the Minister of Education and Scientific # Research, upon consultation with the Permanent Time Commission, "whenever # considered convenient." As such, a series of one-off ordinances were # promulgated for the mainland in 1978 through 1980, after which the 1976 # decree naturally came back into force from 1981. Rule Port 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1979 1980 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1981 1986 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1985 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto-Lei 44-B/86 of 1986-03-07 switched mainland Portugal's transition # times from 0:00s to 1:00u to harmonize with the EEC from 1986-03-30. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-lei/44-b-1986-628280 # (Transitions of 1:00s as previously reported and used by the W-Eur rules, # though equivalent, appear to have been fiction here.) Madeira continued to # use 0:00s for spring 1986 before joining with the mainland using 1:00u in the # fall; meanwhile, in the Azores the two were equivalent, so the law specifying # 0:00s wasn't touched until 1992. (See below for more on the islands.) # # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. # # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. d2361 1 a2361 1 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2363 2 a2364 2 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 0:00 EU WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00u a2366 11 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # For the Azores and Madeira, legislation was followed from the laws currently # in force as listed at: # https://oal.ul.pt/hora-legal/legislacao/ # working backward through references of revocation and abrogation to # Decreto-Lei 47233 of 1966-10-01, the last time DST was abolished across the # mainland and its adjacent islands. Because of that reference, it is # therefore assumed that DST rules in the islands prior to 1966 were like that # of the mainland, though most legislation of the time didn't explicitly # specify DST practices for the islands. d2370 3 a2372 17 -2:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # While Decreto-Lei 309/76 of 1976-04-27 reintroduced DST on the mainland by # falling back on 1976-09-26, it assigned the Permanent Time Commission to # study and propose revisions for the Azores and Madeira. Decreto Regional # 9/77/A of 1977-05-17 affirmed that "the legal time remained unchanged in the # Azores" at UT-1, and would remain there year-round. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/9-1977-252066 # # Decreto Regional 2/82/A, published 1982-03-02, adopted DST in the same # fashion as the mainland used at the time. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/2-1982-599965 # Though transitions in the Azores officially remained at 0:00s through 1992, # this was equivalent to the EU-style 1:00u adopted by the mainland in 1986, so # model it as such. -1:00 - %z 1982 Mar 28 0:00s -1:00 Port %z 1986 d2374 11 a2384 11 # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -2:00 Port +00 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -2:00 Port -02/-01 1966 Oct 2 2:00s # -1:00 - -01 1982 Mar 28 0:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1986 d2386 2 a2387 20 # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # After mainland Portugal had shifted forward an hour from 1992-09-27, Decreto # Legislativo Regional 29/92/A of 1992-12-23 sought to "reduce the time # difference" by shifting the Azores forward as well from 1992-12-27. Just six # months later, this was revoked by Decreto Legislativo Regional 9/93/A, citing # "major changes in work habits and way of life." Though the revocation didn't # give a transition time, it was signed Wednesday 1993-06-16; assume it took # effect later that evening, and that an EU-style spring forward (to +01) was # still observed in the interim on 1993-03-28. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/29-1992-621553 # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/9-1993-389633 -1:00 EU %z 1992 Dec 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Jun 17 1:00u -1:00 EU %z d2391 1 a2391 1 -1:00 Port %z 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2393 9 a2401 9 # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1942 Apr 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1942 Aug 15 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1943 Apr 17 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1943 Aug 28 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1944 Apr 22 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1944 Aug 26 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1945 Apr 21 22:00s # -1:00 Port +01 1945 Aug 25 22:00s # -1:00 Port -01/+00 1966 Oct 2 2:00s d2403 1 a2403 15 # # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto Regional 5/82/M, published 1982-04-03, established DST transitions at # 0:00u, which for Madeira is equivalent to the mainland's rules (0:00s) at the # time. It came into effect the day following its publication, Sunday # 1982-04-04, thus resuming Madeira's DST practice about a week later than the # mainland and the Azores. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-regional/5-1982-608273 # # Decreto Legislativo Regional 18/86/M, published 1986-10-01, adopted EU-style # rules (1:00u) and entered into immediate force after being signed on # 1986-07-31. # https://dre.pt/dr/detalhe/decreto-legislativo-regional/18-1986-221705 0:00 - WET 1982 Apr 4 0:00 Port WE%sT 1986 Jul 31 d2615 1 a2615 1 3:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s d2865 8 a2872 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2902 3 a2904 3 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s d2906 1 a2906 1 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s d2910 1 a2910 1 4:00 - %z 2020 Dec 27 2:00s d2925 8 a2932 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1988 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Dec 4 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2940 2 a2941 2 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s d2943 1 a2943 1 4:00 - %z 1992 Mar 29 2:00s d2958 9 a2966 9 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - %z 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - %z 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d2982 8 a2989 8 3:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 4:00 Russia %z 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - %z d3014 6 a3019 6 4:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 5:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - %z d3029 6 a3034 6 5:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 6:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z d3067 8 a3074 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1995 May 28 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3088 8 a3095 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 Jul 24 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3140 8 a3147 8 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2002 May 1 3:00 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - %z 2016 May 29 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3178 6 a3183 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3197 6 a3202 6 6:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 7:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - %z d3219 6 a3224 6 7:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 8:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z d3241 7 a3247 7 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00 9:00 - %z d3287 6 a3292 6 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z d3310 6 a3315 6 9:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 10:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z d3333 8 a3340 8 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia %z 2004 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - %z d3356 8 a3363 8 9:00 - %z 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3386 7 a3392 7 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z 2016 Apr 24 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3437 6 a3442 6 10:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - %z d3460 8 a3467 8 8:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 9:00 Russia %z 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - %z 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - %z d3480 6 a3485 6 11:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z d3493 7 a3499 7 12:00 - %z 1930 Jun 21 13:00 Russia %z 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia %z 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia %z 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia %z 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - %z d3627 1 a3627 1 -1:00 - %z 1946 Sep 30 1:00 d3713 2 a3714 2 # From Paul Eggert (2024-05-24): # Express BMT as 0:29:45.500, approximately the same precision 7° 26' 22.50". a3752 1 #STDOFF 0:29:45.500 d3951 1 a3951 1 3:00 Turkey %z 1984 Nov 1 2:00 d3960 1 a3960 1 3:00 - %z @ 1.1.1.41 log @Import tzdata2025a from ftp://ftp.iana.org/tz/releases/tzdata2025a.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2025a (2025-01-15 10:47:24 -0800): * Paraguay stopped changing its clocks after the forward transition on 2024-10-06, so it is now permanently at -03. * Correct timestamps for the Philippines before 1900, and from 1937 through 1990. @ text @a498 1 # Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man. d506 24 a891 2 # Luxembourg # Netherlands d975 9 d1009 9 a1021 1 # Slovakia d1074 23 d1211 1 a1211 1 # From Jule Dabars (2023-10-29): d1371 3 a1374 1 # Monaco a1511 1 # Denmark a1512 2 # Norway # Sweden a1529 1 # Svalbard & Jan Mayen d1718 27 a1745 2 # San Marino # Vatican City d1865 3 d1950 6 d2008 44 d2147 65 d3687 3 a3689 5 # Bosnia & Herzegovina # Croatia # Kosovo # Montenegro # North Macedonia a3690 1 # Slovenia d3703 12 d3820 8 a3828 2 # Germany (Busingen enclave) # Liechtenstein a3829 1 # d3943 1 d4246 4 @ 1.1.1.42 log @Import tzdata2025a from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2025agtz/tzdata2025agtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2025a (2025-01-15 10:47:24 -0800): * Paraguay stopped changing its clocks after the forward transition on 2024-10-06, so it is now permanently at -03. * Correct timestamps for the Philippines before 1900, and from 1937 through 1990. @ text @d499 1 a506 24 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Jersey -0:08:26 - LMT 1898 Jun 11 16:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Guernsey -0:10:09 - LMT 1913 Jun 18 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Jul 2 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Isle_of_Man -0:17:55 - LMT 1883 Mar 30 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST d869 2 a953 9 # Bosnia & Herzegovina # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT a978 9 # Croatia # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT d983 1 a1035 23 # Denmark # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 - Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 - # # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT a1309 3 # Åland Is Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn d1311 1 d1449 1 d1451 2 d1470 1 a1658 27 # Iceland # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Iceland 1917 1919 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 16 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 23:00 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 23 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1939 only - Oct 29 2:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1940 1941 - Nov Sun>=2 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sun>=2 1:00s 1:00 - # 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - Rule Iceland 1942 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - # 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 - # 1949 and 1967 Oct transitions delayed by 1 week Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:28 - LMT 1908 -1:00 Iceland -01/+00 1968 Apr 7 1:00s 0:00 - GMT d1660 2 a1780 3 # Kosovo # See Europe/Belgrade. a1862 6 # Liechtenstein # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:38:04 - LMT 1894 Jun 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT a1914 44 # Luxembourg # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 - Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # North Macedonia # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT a2009 65 # Monaco # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1892 Jun 1 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 29 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Montenegro Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Netherlands # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST # From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week # in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend. Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - #STDOFF 0:19:32.13 # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1 0:20 Neth +0020/+0120 1940 May 16 0:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Norway # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Svalbard & Jan Mayen Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen d3485 5 a3489 3 # San Marino Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino d3491 1 a3503 12 # Slovakia Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava # Slovenia # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT a3608 8 # Sweden # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time 1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 1:00 1:00 - CET 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT d3610 2 d3613 1 a3726 1 Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen a4028 4 # Vatican City Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican @ 1.1.1.43 log @Import tzdata2025c from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2025cgtz/tzdata2025cgtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2025c (2025-12-10 14:42:37 -0800): * Baja California agreed with California’s DST rules in 1953 and in 1961 through 1975, instead of observing standard time all year. * Changes to commentary. @ text @d7 3 a9 3 # go ahead and edit the file, and please send any changes to # the public mailing list tz@@iana.org for general use in the future. # For more, please see the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. d45 1 a45 1 # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please see the file CONTRIBUTING. d57 1 a57 1 # Brazil's Divisão de Serviços da Hora (DISHO) d938 1 a938 1 # DISHO writes that a royal decree of 1926-02-22 specified the Sun following 3rd a1375 7 # From Robert H. van Gent (2025-07-21): # The most recent issue of the Annuaire [par le Bureau des Longitudes] # on Gallica (2021) ... lists information for France # https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9127672b/f52.item # From Paul Eggert (2025-07-21): # Go with the 2020 Annuaire (published 2021) except as noted below. d1437 1 d1449 3 a1451 19 # From Robert H. van Gent (2025-07-22): # There is a curious history behind the erroneous date for the start of # daylight saving in France in 1923 as listed in the current issues of # the Annuaire du Bureau des Longitudes. [See:] # https://lists.iana.org/hyperkitty/list/tz@@iana.org/message/MYQEJMSXO2AIEZ3UIXZKMTTAIPY7KNT2/ # From Brian Inglis (2025-07-23): # Légifrance JORF No. 0073 du 15 mars 1922 # https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000008324 # Légifrance JORF No. 0139 du 25 mai 1923 # https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/jo/id/JORFCONT000000008416 # From Paul Eggert (2025-07-23): # The latter specifies March's last Saturday at 23:00 to October's first # Saturday at 24:00, except that if neighboring allies agree the dates # can be moved to April's third Saturday and September's third Saturday. # Apparently spring 1923 was tricky. DISHO writes that in 1930, # because of Easter, the transitions were Apr 12 and Oct 5. # Use the 2020 Annuaire dates, except for spring 1923 where # Shanks & Pottenger's May 26 matches the dates given in the 1924 and # 1961-2001 issues of the Annuaire. d2301 6 a2306 4 # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): # Decreto 1469 of 1915-03-30 ... had nothing to do with DST; # rather it regulated the sending of time signals. # But we do see linkage to Spain in the 1920s below. @ 1.1.1.44 log @Import tzdata2026a from https://github.com/JodaOrg/global-tz/releases/download/2026agtz/tzdata2026agtz.tar.gz Summary of changes in tzdata2026a (2026-03-01 22:59:49 -0800): Moldova has used EU transition times since 2022. @ text @d1105 1 a1105 9 # From Paul Eggert (2026-01-22): # During World War II, Greenland was effectively independent of Denmark and # observed daylight saving time. TIME, volume 37, page 23 (1941-04-21) # says, # "Penfield and West made their way to the U.S.'s most northerly consulate. # They were astonished to find that Greenlanders, with almost 24 hours of # sunlight a day during the summer, have daylight saving time." # As the details are unknown they are omitted from the data for now. # a1107 2 # Also, they're likely out of scope for the database # as we lack resources to track every bit of military activity. d2097 1 a2151 52 # From Heitor David Pinto (2026-02-22): # Soviet Moldovan resolution 132 of 1990 defined the summer time period from # the last Sunday in March at 2:00 to the last Sunday in September at 3:00, # matching the dates used in most of Europe at the time: # https://web.archive.org/web/20211107050832/http://lex.justice.md/viewdoc.php?action=view&view=doc&id=298782&lang=1 # # It seems that in 1996 Moldova changed the end date to October like most of # Europe, but kept the transitions at 2:00 and 3:00 rather than 1:00 UTC, # which would have been locally 3:00 and 4:00.... # # The notices in the Moldovan government website and broadcaster showed the # transitions at 2:00 and 3:00 until 2021: # 2015 https://old.gov.md/en/node/7304 # 2016 https://old.gov.md/en/node/12587 # 2017 https://old.gov.md/en/node/20654 # 2017 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-upholds-winter-time-night-28-29-october # 2018 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-summer-time # 2018 https://old.gov.md/en/content/cabinet-ministers-informs-about-switch-winter-time-28-october # 2019 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-summer-time-31-march # 2019 https://old.gov.md/en/node/31122 # 2020 https://old.gov.md/en/node/32771 # 2020 https://old.gov.md/en/node/34497 # 2021 https://trm.md/ro/social/moldova-trece-in-aceasta-noapte-la-ora-de-vara # 2021 https://trm.md/en/social/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-iarna1 # # However, since 2022, the notices showed the transitions at 3:00 and 4:00, # matching the EU rule at 1:00 UTC: # 2022 https://trm.md/en/social/in-acest-weekend-republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara # 2022 https://old.gov.md/en/content/moldova-switch-winter-time # 2023 https://moldova1.md/p/6587/ora-de-vara-2023-cum-schimbam-acele-ceasornicelor-si-cand-trecem-la-ora-de-vara # 2023 https://old.gov.md/en/node/46662 # 2024 https://moldova1.md/p/26535/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara-in-acest-weekend # 2024 https://moldova1.md/p/37768/republica-moldova-trece-in-aceasta-noapte-la-ora-de-iarna # 2025 https://moldova1.md/p/46349/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-vara-pe-30-martie-cum-ne-afecteaza-si-ce-recomanda-medicii # 2025 https://moldova1.md/p/60469/republica-moldova-trece-la-ora-de-iarna-ceasurile-se-dau-inapoi-cu-o-ora # # It seems that the changes to the end date and transition times were just # done in practice without formally changing the resolution. In late 2025, the # government said that the Soviet resolution was still in force, and proposed # a new resolution to replace it and formally establish the EU rule: # ... based on the notices, it seems that in practice Moldova already # uses the EU rule since 2022. This was also the year when Moldova applied to # join the EU. # # From Robert Bastian (2026-02-26): # This has been approved and published in the government gazette: # https://monitorul.gov.md/ro/monitorul/view/pdf/3234/part/2#page=27 # # From Paul Eggert (2026-02-24): # Also see Svetlana Rudenko, "Moldova abandons the 'Soviet era'", Logos Press, # 2026-02-21 . d2153 2 a2154 2 Rule Moldova 1997 2021 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Moldova 1997 2021 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - d2167 1 a2167 2 2:00 Moldova EE%sT 2022 2:00 EU EE%sT d2618 1 a2618 1 # assume that Romania switched to EU rules in 1997, @ 1.1.1.1.6.1 log @file europe was added on branch tls-maxphys on 2014-08-20 00:00:21 +0000 @ text @d1 3340 @ 1.1.1.1.6.2 log @Rebase to HEAD as of a few days ago. @ text @a0 3340 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to # tz@@iana.org for general use in the future). # From Paul Eggert (2014-05-31): # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # # Gwillim Law writes that a good source # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # of the IATA's data after 1990. # # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). # # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for # entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. # # Other sources occasionally used include: # # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), # which I found in the UCLA library. # # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition # # [PDF] (1914-03) # # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # . He writes: # "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables # may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to tz@@iana.org. # # Brazil's Divisão Serviço da Hora (DSHO), # History of Summer Time # # (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) # # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. # Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland* # -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland* # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* # 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe* # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), # The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, # Luxembourg, the Netherlands. # Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom. # Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece. # Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal. # Plus, from 1 Jan 95: Austria, Finland, Sweden. (Norway negotiated terms for # entry but in a referendum on 28 Nov 94 the people voted No by 52.2% to 47.8% # on a turnout of 88.6%. This was almost the same result as Norway's previous # referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice. # Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.) # ... # Estonia ... uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT. # I don't think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards. # ... # There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules]. # A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact # national law to implement it. The only contentious issue was the # different end date for the UK and Ireland, and this was always allowed # in the Directive. ############################################################################### # Britain (United Kingdom) and Ireland (Eire) # From Peter Ilieve (1994-07-06): # # On 17 Jan 1994 the Independent, a UK quality newspaper, had a piece about # historical vistas along the Thames in west London. There was a photo # and a sketch map showing some of the sightlines involved. One paragraph # of the text said: # # 'An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands # beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude # was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed # this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They # made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, # but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' # # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's # position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. # # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): # # Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time. # The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time, # and it was they who forced a uniform time on the country. # The original idea was credited to Dr. William Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) # and was popularized by Abraham Follett Osler (1808-1903). # The first railway to adopt London time was the Great Western Railway # in November 1840; other railways followed suit, and by 1847 most # (though not all) railways used London time. On 1847-09-22 the # Railway Clearing House, an industry standards body, recommended that GMT be # adopted at all stations as soon as the General Post Office permitted it. # The transition occurred on 12-01 for the L&NW, the Caledonian, # and presumably other railways; the January 1848 Bradshaw's lists many # railways as using GMT. By 1855 the vast majority of public # clocks in Britain were set to GMT (though some, like the great clock # on Tom Tower at Christ Church, Oxford, were fitted with two minute hands, # one for local time and one for GMT). The last major holdout was the legal # system, which stubbornly stuck to local time for many years, leading # to oddities like polls opening at 08:13 and closing at 16:13. # The legal system finally switched to GMT when the Statutes (Definition # of Time) Act took effect; it received the Royal Assent on 1880-08-02. # # In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single # transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much # about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-19): # The ancients had no need for daylight saving, as they kept time # informally or via hours whose length depended on the time of year. # Daylight saving time in its modern sense was invented by the # New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), # whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value # after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. # In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society # that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg. # Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 # http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html # Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal # did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. # # In England, DST was independently reinvented by William Willett (1857-1915), # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society # who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, # but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests. # Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and # it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. # See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18). # A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in # a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular # subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, # designed by G. W. Miller, is the William Willett Memorial Sundial, # which is permanently set to Summer Time. # From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): # It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of # summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country # between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which # plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the # foundations of civilization throughout the world. # # "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): # The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" # when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this # term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the # proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. # Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) # From: Jonathan Leffler # [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament. # If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in # politics making a fortune, not computing. # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-14): # I remember reading in various wartime issues of the London Times the # acronym BDST for British Double Summer Time. Look for the published # time of sunrise and sunset in The Times, when BDST was in effect, and # if you find a zone reference it will say, "All times B.D.S.T." # From Joseph S. Myers (1999-09-02): # ... some military cables (WO 219/4100 - this is a copy from the # main SHAEF archives held in the US National Archives, SHAEF/5252/8/516) # agree that the usage is BDST (this appears in a message dated 17 Feb 1945). # From Joseph S. Myers (2000-10-03): # On 18th April 1941, Sir Stephen Tallents of the BBC wrote to Sir # Alexander Maxwell of the Home Office asking whether there was any # official designation; the reply of the 21st was that there wasn't # but he couldn't think of anything better than the "Double British # Summer Time" that the BBC had been using informally. # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ho-19410421.png # From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21): # [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time # which is to be introduced in May.... # I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time" # which could not be said to run counter to any official description. # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): # Howse writes (p 157) 'DBST' too, but 'BDST' seems to have been common # and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first, # so we use 'BDST'. # Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. # Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating # and extending this list, which can be found in # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ # History of legal time in Britain # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ # From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): # # The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; # see Lord Tanlaw's speech # # (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976). # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # # For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. # # Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger # are incorrect: # * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until # 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain. # Actually, Wales was identical after 1880. # * Eire had two transitions on 1916 Oct 1. # It actually just had one transition. # * Northern Ireland used single daylight saving time throughout WW II. # Actually, it conformed to Britain. # * GB-Eire changed standard time to 1 hour ahead of GMT on 1968-02-18. # Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time. # Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change). # # Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks & Pottenger: # * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT # to daylight saving time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to # conform with Great Britain. # S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise. # # The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful; # we'll ignore it for now. # * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00. # # # Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than # Shanks & Pottenger. # Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory # (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was # to London. For example: # # "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." # -- James Joyce, Ulysses # From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): # Irish laws are available online at . # These include various relating to legal time, for example: # # ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html # # ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html # ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html # # ZZSI11Y1961.html ZZSI232Y1961.html ZZSI182Y1962.html # ZZSI167Y1963.html ZZSI257Y1964.html ZZSI198Y1967.html # ZZA23Y1968.html ZZA17Y1971.html # # ZZSI67Y1981.html ZZSI212Y1982.html ZZSI45Y1986.html # ZZSI264Y1988.html ZZSI52Y1990.html ZZSI371Y1992.html # ZZSI395Y1994.html ZZSI484Y1997.html ZZSI506Y2001.html # # [These are all relative to the root, e.g., the first is # .] # # (These are those I found, but there could be more. In any case these # should allow various updates to the comments in the europe file to cover # the laws applicable in Ireland.) # # (Note that the time in the Republic of Ireland since 1968 has been defined # in terms of standard time being GMT+1 with a period of winter time when it # is GMT, rather than standard time being GMT with a period of summer time # being GMT+1.) # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-28): # Clive Feather (, 1997-03-31) # reports that Folkestone (Cheriton) Shuttle Terminal uses Concession Time # (CT), equivalent to French civil time. # Julian Hill (, 1998-09-30) reports that # trains between Dollands Moor (the freight facility next door) # and Frethun run in CT. # My admittedly uninformed guess is that the terminal has two authorities, # the French concession operators and the British civil authorities, # and that the time depends on who you're talking to. # If, say, the British police were called to the station for some reason, # I would expect the official police report to use GMT/BST and not CET/CEST. # This is a borderline case, but for now let's stick to GMT/BST. # From an anonymous contributor (1996-06-02): # The law governing time in Ireland is under Statutory Instrument SI 395/94, # which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive # 94/21/EC. # Under this directive, the Minister for Justice in Ireland makes appropriate # regulations. I spoke this morning with the Secretary of the Department of # Justice (tel +353 1 678 9711) who confirmed to me that the correct name is # "Irish Summer Time", abbreviated to "IST". # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Summer Time Act, 1916 Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - May 21 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1917, No. 358 Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1918, No. 274 Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Mar 24 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Sep 30 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1919, No. 297 Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Sep 29 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1920, No. 458 Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Mar 28 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1920, No. 1844 Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Oct 25 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1921, No. 363 Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1922, No. 264 Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Oct 8 2:00s 0 GMT # The Summer Time Act, 1922 Rule GB-Eire 1923 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1923 1924 - Sep Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1924 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1925 1926 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST # The Summer Time Act, 1925 Rule GB-Eire 1925 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1927 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1928 1929 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1930 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1931 1932 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1933 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1934 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1935 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1936 1937 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1938 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1939, No. 1379 Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Nov Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1940, No. 172 and No. 1883 Rule GB-Eire 1940 only - Feb Sun>=23 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1941, No. 476 Rule GB-Eire 1941 only - May Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1941 1943 - Aug Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1942, No. 506 Rule GB-Eire 1942 1944 - Apr Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST # S.R.&O. 1944, No. 932 Rule GB-Eire 1944 only - Sep Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1945, No. 312 Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Apr Mon>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Jul Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1945, No. 1208 Rule GB-Eire 1945 1946 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST # The Summer Time Act, 1947 Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Mar 16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Apr 13 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Aug 10 1:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1948 (S.I. 1948/495) Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Oct 31 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1949 (S.I. 1949/373) Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Oct 30 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1950 (S.I. 1950/518) # Summer Time Order, 1951 (S.I. 1951/430) # Summer Time Order, 1952 (S.I. 1952/451) Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Apr Sun>=14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00s 0 GMT # revert to the rules of the Summer Time Act, 1925 Rule GB-Eire 1953 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1955 1956 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1957 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1958 1959 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST # Summer Time Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/71) # Summer Time (1962) Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/2465) # Summer Time Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/81) Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1961 1968 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time (1964) Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/2101) # Summer Time Order, 1964 (S.I. 1964/1201) # Summer Time Order, 1967 (S.I. 1967/1148) Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST # Summer Time Order, 1968 (S.I. 1968/117) Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 2:00s 1:00 BST # The British Standard Time Act, 1968 # (no summer time) # The Summer Time Act, 1972 Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1980 (S.I. 1980/1089) # Summer Time Order, 1982 (S.I. 1982/1673) # Summer Time Order, 1986 (S.I. 1986/223) # Summer Time Order, 1988 (S.I. 1988/931) Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1989 (S.I. 1989/985) # Summer Time Order, 1992 (S.I. 1992/1729) # Summer Time Order 1994 (S.I. 1994/2798) Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT # Summer Time Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/2982) # See EU for rules starting in 1996. # # Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 0:00 EU GMT/IST ############################################################################### # Europe # EU rules are for the European Union, previously known as the EC, EEC, # Common Market, etc. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - # The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: # Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council # of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. # # W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Older C-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables. # From 1977 on, C-Eur differs from EU only in that C-Eur uses standard time. Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-07-13): # # I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s # in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was # corrected in version 2008d). The circumstantial evidence is simply the # tz database itself, as seen below: # # Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 # # Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 # # Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 # 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s # # Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - # Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # # The rule line to be changed is: # # Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 - # # It seems that Paris, Monaco, Rule France, Rule Belgium all agree on # 2:00 standard time, e.g. 3:00 local time. However there are no # countries that use C-Eur rules in September 1945, so the only items # affected are apparently these fictitious zones that translate acronyms # CET and MET: # # Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT # Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT # # It this is right then the corrected version would look like: # # Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # # A small step for mankind though 8-) Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - # E-Eur differs from EU only in that E-Eur switches at midnight local time. Rule E-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule E-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule E-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 MST # Moscow Summer Time Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 MMT # Moscow Mean Time Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time Rule Russia 1918 only - Sep 16 1:00 1:00 MST Rule Russia 1919 only - May 31 23:00 2:00 MDST Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 MSD Rule Russia 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 MSK Rule Russia 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 MSD Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 MSM # Midsummer Rule Russia 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 MSD Rule Russia 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - # Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24): Rule Russia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Russia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - # Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in # Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14): Rule Russia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S # Rule Russia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S Rule Russia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - Rule Russia 1993 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Russia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14): # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011. # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. # # Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 # # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): # http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered # to be standard. # These are for backward compatibility with older versions. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT # Previous editions of this database used abbreviations like MET DST # for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage. # From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): # The official German names ... are # # Mitteleuropäische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 # Mitteleuropäische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 # # as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz über die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), # 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... # I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution # # Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) # Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit" # Postfach 3345 # D-38023 Braunschweig # phone: +49 531 592-0 # # ... I received today an answer letter from Dr. Peter Hetzel, head of the PTB # department for time and frequency transmission. He explained that the # PTB translates MEZ and MESZ into English as # # Central European Time (CET) = UTC+01:00 # Central European Summer Time (CEST) = UTC+02:00 # Albania # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Albania 1940 only - Jun 16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - Rule Albania 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1943 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 - Rule Albania 1974 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1974 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1975 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1975 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1976 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1976 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1977 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1977 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1978 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1979 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1980 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1980 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1981 only - Apr 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1981 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1982 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1982 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1983 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1984 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Tirane 1:19:20 - LMT 1914 1:00 - CET 1940 Jun 16 1:00 Albania CE%sT 1984 Jul 1:00 EU CE%sT # Andorra # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30 1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 1:00 EU CE%sT # Austria # Milne says Vienna time was 1:05:21. # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and # 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and # Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged" # date of 1945-04-12 with no time. For the 1980-04-06 transition # Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, # and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1920 only - Sep 13 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1946 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Austria 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vienna 1:05:21 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1920 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Apr 12 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1946 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Belarus # From Yauhen Kharuzhy (2011-09-16): # By latest Belarus government act Europe/Minsk timezone was changed to # GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). # # Sources (Russian language): # http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html # http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ # http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - FET # Belgium # # From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): # Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: # Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, # Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe année, 1991 # (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), # pp 8-9. # LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: # Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. # The 1918 rules are listed for completeness; they apply to unoccupied Belgium. # Assume Brussels switched to WET in 1918 when the armistice took effect. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Belgium 1918 only - Mar 9 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1918 1919 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1922 1927 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S # DSH writes that a royal decree of 1926-02-22 specified the Sun following 3rd # Sat in Apr (except if it's Easter, in which case it's one Sunday earlier), # to Sun following 1st Sat in Oct, and that a royal decree of 1928-09-15 # changed the transition times to 02:00 GMT. Rule Belgium 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1928 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1929 only - Apr 21 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1930 only - Apr 13 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1931 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1932 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1933 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1934 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1935 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1936 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1937 only - Apr 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1938 only - Mar 27 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1939 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1939 only - Nov 19 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1946 only - May 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT 0:00 - WET 1914 Nov 8 1:00 - CET 1916 May 1 0:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Nov 11 11:00u 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 20 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 3 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Bosnia and Herzegovina # See Europe/Belgrade. # Bulgaria # # From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: # EET -> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... # EETDST -> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 - Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1894 Nov 30 # Istanbul MT? 2:00 - EET 1942 Nov 2 3:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 - CET 1945 Apr 2 3:00 2:00 - EET 1979 Mar 31 23:00 2:00 Bulg EE%sT 1982 Sep 26 2:00 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2:00 EU EE%sT # Croatia # See Europe/Belgrade. # Cyprus # Please see the 'asia' file for Asia/Nicosia. # Czech Republic # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - Rule Czech 1946 only - May 6 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Czech 1947 only - Apr 20 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979 1:00 EU CE%sT # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26): # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law # [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL # confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. # # The EU treaty with effect from 1973: # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL # # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes # in subsequent decrees with the law # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL # # It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have # not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST # changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to # 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from # the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know # when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only # confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981: # The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning # working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which # was suspended on that night): # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11): # The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between # Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. # From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): # Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not # wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 - Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 - # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn 0:00 - WET 1981 0:00 EU WE%sT # # From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31): # During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in # East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones. # My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, # and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU # rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthåb # used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU # rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-06), citing # (2001-03-15), # and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: # # Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC # is according to the following time line: # # The military zone near Thule UTC-4 # Standard Greenland time UTC-3 # Scoresbysund UTC-1 # Danmarkshavn UTC # # In the military area near Thule and in Danmarkshavn DST will not be # introduced. # From Rives McDow (2001-11-01): # # I correspond regularly with the Dansk Polarcenter, and wrote them at # the time to clarify the situation in Thule. Unfortunately, I have # not heard back from them regarding my recent letter. [But I have # info from earlier correspondence.] # # According to the center, a very small local time zone around Thule # Air Base keeps the time according to UTC-4, implementing daylight # savings using North America rules, changing the time at 02:00 local time.... # # The east coast of Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund # uses UTC in the same way as in Iceland, year round, with no dst. # There are just a few stations on this coast, including the # Danmarkshavn ICAO weather station mentioned in your September 29th # email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in # Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the # DPC research station at Zackenberg. # # Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use # the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthåb). # # The rest of Greenland, including Godthåb (this area, although it # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time # UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. # # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators # maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of # this area is that it sticks with Godthåb time. This area might be # considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. # From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): # I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place # there at 2:00 AM. # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; # the 1995 map as like Godthåb. # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996. # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996 0:00 - GMT Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU EG%sT Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU WG%sT Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base -4:00 Thule A%sT # Estonia # From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15): # A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards # [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it, # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989.... # # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28): # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s, # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:] # "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia.... # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to # summer time next spring." # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law # # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between # the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120). # # I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation # for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" # (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) # via Steffen Thorsen: # This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, # a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... # But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European # Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory # for all member states until 2001. Brussels has yet to decide what to do # after that. # From Mart Oruaas (2000-01-29): # Regulation no. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation # no. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all # the year round. The regulation is effective 1999-11-01. # From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21): # The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. # Now we are using again EU rules. # # From Urmet Jänes (2002-03-28): # The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 15 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 22 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 Sep 22 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Nov 1 2:00 - EET 2002 Feb 21 2:00 EU EE%sT # Finland # From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC): # Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one, # and it's supposed to change at 4am... # From Janne Snabb (2010-07-15): # # I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982. # During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour # earlier than in forthcoming years. Starting 1983 the adjustment was made # according to the central European standards. # # This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac # Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in # Finnish) at # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf # # Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings # transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. # # This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: # http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 # # The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not # exist tonight." # From Konstantin Hyppönen (2014-06-13): # [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013] # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf # pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 # say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942, # 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper # mentions "on the night from Thursday to Friday".... # On Oct 4 1942, clocks were moved at 1:00 one hour backwards. # # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-14): # Go with Oja over Shanks. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 2 24:00 1:00 S Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 4 1:00 0 - Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document); # round to nearest. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31 1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 2:00 EU EE%sT # Åland Is Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn # France # From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): # # Henri Le Corre, Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, Éditions # Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 # # Gabriel, Traité de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Trédaniel, # Paris, 1991 # # Françoise Gauquelin, Problèmes de l'heure résolus en astrologie, # Guy Trédaniel, Paris 1987 # # Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S # DSH writes that a law of 1923-05-24 specified 3rd Sat in Apr at 23:00 to 1st # Sat in Oct at 24:00; and that in 1930, because of Easter, the transitions # were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1930 only - Apr 12 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1933 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S # The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger # write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. # Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arnéguy, Orthez, # Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamothe-Montravel, Marœuil, La # Rochefoucauld, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, # Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, # Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalon-sur-Saône, Arbois, # Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer # Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, # but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), # who quotes the Ephémérides astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes # as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1943 only - Oct 4 3:00 1:00 S Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00; # go with Excoffier's 28/3/76 0hUT and 25/9/76 23hUT. Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 S Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05, # but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21. # Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based # on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT # Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre. 0:00 France WE%sT 1940 Jun 14 23:00 # Le Corre says Paris stuck with occupied-France time after the liberation; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 25 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Germany # From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29): # The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische # Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. # [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] # From Jörg Schilling (2002-10-23): # In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by # # General [Nikolai] Bersarin. # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): # http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf # says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. # However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so # this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Germany 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Germany 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # http://www.ptb.de/de/org/4/44/441/salt.htm says the following transition # occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ given in Shanks & Pottenger. # Go with the PTB. Rule Germany 1947 only - Apr 6 3:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1947 only - May 11 2:00s 2:00 M Rule Germany 1947 only - Jun 29 3:00 1:00 S Rule Germany 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S Rule SovietZone 1945 only - May 24 2:00 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Sep 24 3:00 1:00 S Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): # Büsingen , surrounded by the Swiss canton # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. # # Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): # Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen # Georgia # Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi. # Herodotus (Histories, IV.45) says Georgia north of the Phasis (now Rioni) # is in Europe. Our reference location Tbilisi is in the Asian part. # Gibraltar # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 1:00 - CET 1982 1:00 EU CE%sT # Greece # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 - Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1975 only - Nov 26 0:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1976 only - Apr 11 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1976 only - Oct 10 2:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1977 only - Sep 26 2:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1978 only - Sep 24 4:00 0 - Rule Greece 1979 only - Apr 1 9:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1979 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - Rule Greece 1980 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14 1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30 1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981 # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. 2:00 EU EE%sT # Hungary # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): # Dates for 1916-1945 are taken from: # Oross A. Jelen a múlt jövője: a nyári időszámítás Magyarországon 1916-1945. # National Archives of Hungary (2012-10-29). # http://mnl.gov.hu/a_het_dokumentuma/a_nyari_idoszamitas_magyarorszagon_19161945.html # This source does not always give times, which are taken from Shanks # & Pottenger (which disagree about the dates). # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1919 only - Nov 24 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - May 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1956 only - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1956 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s 1:00 EU CE%sT # Iceland # # From Adam David (1993-11-06): # The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. # # (1993-12-05): # This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of # Iceland Almanak. # # From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour # behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts # of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavik mean solar time which # was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT. # # "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks # of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the # time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always # Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars. # # (1993-12-10): # I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the # beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus # to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question. # the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day # (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday. # St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style" # might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it # might mean something else (???). # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # The Iceland Almanak, Shanks & Pottenger, and Whitman disagree on many points. # We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks & Pottenger, namely # that Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1918 only - Nov 16 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1939 only - Nov 29 2:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1940 only - Nov 3 2:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1941 only - Mar 2 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1941 only - Nov 2 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1942 only - Mar 8 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1942 only - Oct 25 1:00s 0 - # 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1943 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - # 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S # 1949 Oct transition delayed by 1 week Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 -1:27:48 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time? -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s 0:00 - GMT # Italy # # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06): # Sicily and Sardinia each had their own time zones from 1866 to 1893, # called Palermo Time (+00:53:28) and Cagliari Time (+00:36:32). # During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time. # But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff, # so record only the time in Rome. # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and # F. Pollastri # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) # # ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: # # year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W # 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S # 09-30 09-29 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP & W # 1918 03-09 03-09 24:00 03-09 00:00 FP & S # 10-06 10-05 24:00 10-06 01:00 FP & W # 1919 03-01 03-01 24:00 03-01 00:00 FP & S # 10-04 10-04 24:00 10-04 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1920 03-20 03-20 24:00 03-20 00:00 FP & S # 09-18 09-18 24:00 10-01 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1944 04-02 04-03 02:00 S (see C-Eur) # 09-16 10-02 03:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1945 09-14 09-16 24:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1970 05-21 05-31 00:00 S # 09-20 09-27 00:00 S # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 10 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 2 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 19 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino # Latvia # From Liene Kanepe (1998-09-17): # I asked about this matter Scientific Secretary of the Institute of Astronomy # of The University of Latvia Dr. paed Mr. Ilgonis Vilks. I also searched the # correct data in juridical acts and I found some juridical documents about # changes in the counting of time in Latvia from 1981.... # # Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1981-01-22 ... # according to the Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1980-10-24 # ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning # the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on 1 April at 00:00 (GMT 31 March 21:00) # and 1 hour backward on the 1 October at 00:00 (GMT 30 September 20:00). # # Act No.592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1984-09-24 ... # according to the Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1984-09-13 # ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning # the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on the last Sunday of March at 02:00 # (GMT 23:00 on the previous day) and 1 hour backward on the last Sunday of # September at 03:00 (GMT 23:00 on the previous day). # # Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1989-03-22 ... # according to the Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1989-03-14 # ...: since the last Sunday of March 1989 in Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, # Estonian SSR and Kaliningrad region of Russian Federation all year round the # time of 2nd time zone (Moscow time minus one hour). On the territory of Latvia # transition to summer time is performed on the last Sunday of March at 02:00 # (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour forward. The end of # daylight saving time is performed on the last Sunday of September at 03:00 # (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour backward. Exception is # 1989-03-26, when we must not turn the hands of the clock.... # # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of # 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of # daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. # From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): # This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of # 29-Feb-2000 (#79) , # in Latvian for subscribers only). # From RFE/RL Newsline # # (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: # The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will # institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. # Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their # clocks one hour in the spring.... # Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few # daylight hours and thus decided to comply with a draft European # Commission directive that provides for instituting daylight-saving # time in EU countries between 2002 and 2006. The Latvian government # urged Lithuania and Estonia to adopt a similar time policy, but it # appears that they will not do so.... # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - # Milne says Riga time was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:28 - LMT 1880 1:36:28 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer 1:36:28 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 1:36:28 - RMT 1926 May 11 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s 2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29 2:00 - EET 2001 Jan 2 2:00 EU EE%sT # Liechtenstein # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09): # Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich. # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18): # http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf # ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942. # I ... translate only the last two paragraphs: # ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein # introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland. From 1943 on # central European time was in force throughout the year. # From a report of the duke's government to the high council, # regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977. Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz # Lithuania # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): # IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is # known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too. # From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07): # I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone # (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. # From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) , # via Steffen Thorsen: # Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) # to be valid here starting from October 31, # as decided by the national government on Wednesday.... # The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was # already done by Estonia. # From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism # (2000-03-27): # Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. # From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): # As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will # observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid # down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its # neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of # 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at # http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:35:36 - KMT 1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time 1:00 - CET 1920 Jul 12 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9 1:00 - CET 1940 Aug 3 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2003 Jan 1 2:00 EU EE%sT # Luxembourg # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 - Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Macedonia # See Europe/Belgrade. # Malta # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 - Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 - Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31 1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Moldova # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write # that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00. # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area # and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. # But [two people] separately reported via # Jesper Nørgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. # The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): # Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as # "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition # to the Winter Time). # # News (in Russian): # http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html # http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html # # The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) # is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) # # From Tim Parenti (2011-10-19) # In addition, being situated at +4651+2938 would give Tiraspol # a pre-1880 LMT offset of 1:58:32. # # (which agrees with the earlier entry that had been removed) # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-26) # NO need to divide Moldova into two timezones at this point. # As of today, Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- Tiraspol reversed its own # decision to abolish DST this winter. # Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- # Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. # News from Moldova (in russian): # http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 May 6 2:00 - EET 1991 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 # See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules. 2:00 EU EE%sT # Monaco # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's # more precise 0:09:21. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Montenegro # See Europe/Belgrade. # Netherlands # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, # but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time. # However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01): # Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00 # Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including # the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time # (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the # common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was # not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law. # On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and # was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd"). # # (2001-04-08): # 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to # observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common # practice of following Amsterdam mean time. # # (2001-04-09): # In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the # municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe # Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was # actually followed. # # From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to # observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of # Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most # places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically # adopted Amsterdam mean time. # # Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety # of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it # was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe # Amsterdam mean time. # The data before 1945 are taken from # . # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST # From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week # in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend. Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13 exactly, but the .13 is omitted # below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 16 0:00 # Dutch Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Norway # http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks & # Pottenger. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Svalbard & Jan Mayen # From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From # and # ). The law/regulation # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From # ) I have not been # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): # # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was # keeping Berlin time. # # says that the meteorologists # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite # frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. # # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an # Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says # ). The Svalbard FAQ # says that the Germans were # expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, # and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) # # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo # for these regions. Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen # Poland # The 1919 dates and times can be found in Tygodnik Urzędowy nr 1 (1919-03-20), # pp 1-2. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - # For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, # Toruń Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., # # Thanks to Przemysław Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. # He also gives these further references: # Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) # Druk nr 2180 (2003) Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1957 only - Jun 2 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1958 only - Mar 30 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1959 only - May 31 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1959 1961 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1960 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1961 1964 - May lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1962 1964 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880 1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1922 Jun 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1940 Jun 23 2:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1977 1:00 W-Eur CE%sT 1988 1:00 EU CE%sT # Portugal # # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. # # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # Guess that the Azores changed to EU rules in 1992 (since that's when Portugal # harmonized with the EU), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not # done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. # Go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1918 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1919 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1920 only - Feb 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1921 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S # Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 only - Apr 25 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule Port 1942 only - Aug 15 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 1945 - Oct Sat>=24 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1943 only - Apr 17 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Port 1943 1945 - Aug Sat>=25 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1944 1945 - Apr Sat>=21 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman. # Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00s 0 - Rule Port 1978 1979 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Port 1979 1982 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1980 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # Shanks & Pottenger say the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24; # Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett. Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u 0:00 EU WE%sT Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada -1:54:32 - HMT 1911 May 24 # Horta Mean Time -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u -1:00 EU AZO%sT Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal -1:07:36 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT # Romania # # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): # Nine O'clock # (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at # 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, # assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, # the same year as Bulgaria. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Romania 1932 only - May 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1932 1939 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - Rule Romania 1933 1939 - Apr Sun>=2 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1979 only - May 27 0:00 1:00 S Rule Romania 1979 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Romania 1980 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S Rule Romania 1980 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2:00 EU EE%sT # Russia # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): # Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 # (Government document # http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ # in Russian) # there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... # All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English # by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm # From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): # Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: # http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 # They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia # changed in September 2011: # # One source is # http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, # 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. # # Another source is # http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the # Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also # contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: # in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which # does not contain any "effective date" information. # # Another source is # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... # Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" # but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. # # The Wikipedia article refers to # http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 # which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. # # Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's # "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" # with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to # get September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias # Conradi notes). # # None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. # # Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-01): # According to the Russian news (ITAR-TASS News Agency) # http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/738562 # the State Duma has approved ... the draft bill on returning to # winter time standard and return Russia 11 time zones. The new # regulations will come into effect on October 26, 2014 at 02:00 ... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/%28Spravka%29?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 # Here is a link where we put together table (based on approved Bill N # 431985-6) with proposed 11 Russian time zones and corresponding # areas/cities/administrative centers in the Russian Federation (in English): # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia65.html # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-22): # Putin signed the Federal Law 431985-6 ... (in Russian) # http://itar-tass.com/obschestvo/1333711 # http://www.pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?111660 # http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/46279 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will looks like this: # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-map-2014-07.html # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, # are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, # except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat # 23:00, not Sun 02:00s. # # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow! # I do not know why they have decided to make this change; # as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch. # # From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04): # 'MSK' and 'MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with # UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group).... # The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor # (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there. # # From Chris Carrier (1996-10-30): # According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from # Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ... # still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located. # # For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from # John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): # News - often false - is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was # time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with # the rest of Russia for two weeks - even soldiers stationed here began # enforcing curfew at the wrong time. # # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): # There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in # UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the # SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan # until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok # since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are # administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have # remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist # with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions # are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative # listing. The region codes listed come from # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 # and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their # future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level # divisions where available. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Kaliningrad covers... # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2:00 - EET # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Europe/Moscow covers... # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast # 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast # 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast # 77 RU-MOW Moscow # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30").... # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz E.L. New Counting of Time in Russia # since July 1, 1919, p. 18.) The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia # was defined by Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory # coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" > # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = # 2:31:19 ... # # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): # Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in # Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895). # Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in # Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky. Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Simferopol covers... # ** **** Crimea, Republic of # ** **** Sevastopol Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 - EET 1992 # Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. # Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened # sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it # changed in May. 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 # http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): # Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks # late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial # and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Volgograd covers... # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09): # Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300. # Perhaps it switched after the others? But we have no data. Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Europe/Samara covers... # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - SAMT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers... # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug # # Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai. # Milne says Yekaterinburg time was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - YEKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Omsk covers... # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - OMST # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Novosibirsk covers... # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's # not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - NOVT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Novokuznetsk covers... # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): # Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on # March 28, 2010: # from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700 # to Russia Zone 5 - Novosibirsk Time Zone (NOV) UTC +0600 # # This is according to Government of Russia decree # 740, on September # 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth # time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) # # Russian Government web site (Russian language) # http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm # or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html # # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. # # As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as # Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus # realigning itself with KRAT. Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk T 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers... # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai # # Note: Effective 2007-01-01, (88) Evenk Autonomous Okrug and (84) Taymyr # Autonomous Okrug were merged into (24, RU-KYA) Krasnoyarsk Krai. Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - KRAT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Irkutsk covers... # 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of # 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast # # Note: Effective 2008-01-01, (85) Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug was # merged into (38, RU-IRK) Irkutsk Oblast. # Milne says Irkutsk time was 6:57:15. Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:15 - LMT 1880 6:57:15 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - IRKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Asia/Chita covers... # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai # # Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai. Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - IRKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Yakutsk covers... # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast # # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-02 **** Aldansky District # 14-04 **** Amginsky District # 14-05 **** Anabarsky District # 14-06 **** Bulunsky District # 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District # 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District # 14-11 **** Gorny District # 14-12 **** Zhigansky District # 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District # 14-14 **** Lensky District # 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District # 14-16 **** Mirninsky District # 14-18 **** Namsky District # 14-19 **** Neryungrinsky District # 14-21 **** Nyurbinsky District # 14-23 **** Olenyoksky District # 14-24 **** Olyokminsky District # 14-26 **** Suntarsky District # 14-27 **** Tattinsky District # 14-29 **** Ust-Aldansky District # 14-32 **** Khangalassky District # 14-33 **** Churapchinsky District # 14-34 **** Eveno-Bytantaysky National District # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Our commentary seems to have lost mention of (14-19) Neryungrinsky District. # Since the surrounding districts of Sakha are all YAKT, assume this is, too. # Also assume its history has been the same as the rest of Asia/Yakutsk. Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - YAKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Vladivostok covers... # 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai # 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai # 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast # # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-09 **** Verkhoyansky District # 14-31 **** Ust-Yansky District # Milne says Vladivostok time was 8:47:33.5; round to nearest. Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:34 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - VLAT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Khandyga covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-28 **** Tomponsky District # 14-30 **** Ust-Maysky District # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time # in 2011. # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): # Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - YAKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Sakhalin covers... # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast # ...with the exception of: # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - SAKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Magadan covers... # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however, # several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of # the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented # until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will # need their own zone. Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - MAGT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-01 **** Abyysky District # 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District # 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District # 14-17 **** Momsky District # 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District # 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District # # ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast: # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02): # Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with # most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on # 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District # of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by # Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Assume North Kuril Islands have history like Magadan before 2011-03-27. # There is a decent chance this is wrong, in which case a new zone # Asia/Severo-Kurilsk would become necessary. # # Srednekolymsk and Zyryanka are the most populous places amongst these # districts, but have very similar populations. In fact, Wikipedia currently # lists them both as having 3528 people, exactly 1668 males and 1860 females # each! (Yikes!) # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 # Assume this is a mistake, albeit an amusing one. # # Looking at censuses, the populations of the two municipalities seem to have # fluctuated recently. Zyryanka was more populous than Srednekolymsk in the # 1989 and 2002 censuses, but Srednekolymsk was more populous in the most # recent (2010) census, 3525 to 3170. (See pages 195 and 197 of # http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-05.pdf # in Russian.) In addition, Srednekolymsk appears to be a much older # settlement and the population of Zyryanka seems to be declining. # Go with Srednekolymsk. # # Since Magadan Oblast moves to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26, we cannot keep using MAGT # as the abbreviation. Use SRET instead. Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk 10:14:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-22 **** Oymyakonsky District # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from # Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. # # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # It's unlikely that any of the Kuril Islands were involved in such a switch, # as the South and Middle Kurils have been on UTC+11 (SAKT) with the rest of # Sakhalin Oblast since at least 2011-09, and the North Kurils have been on # UTC+12 since at least then, too. Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - VLAT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Kamchatka covers... # 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai # # Note: Effective 2007-07-01, (41) Kamchatka Oblast and (82) Koryak # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (91, RU-KAM) Kamchatka Krai. # The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps # Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long. Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - PETT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Anadyr covers... # 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - ANAT # San Marino # See Europe/Rome. # Serbia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s # Metod Koželj reports that the legal date of # transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. # Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Koželj. 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia # Slovakia Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava # Slovenia # See Europe/Belgrade. # Spain # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Spain 1943 only - Oct 3 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1944 only - Oct 10 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1945 only - Sep 30 1:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1946 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Spain 1949 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1949 only - Sep 30 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1976 only - Mar 27 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1976 1977 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1977 1978 - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978. Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00s 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901 0:00 - WET 1918 May 6 23:00 0:00 1:00 WEST 1918 Oct 7 23:00 0:00 - WET 1924 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1929 0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 1:00 - CET 1986 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries Time 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT # IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u. # Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU. # Sweden # From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: # # The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all # places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. # # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... # # About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk # författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning # of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at # the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English # observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west # from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated # 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time # in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. # # 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states # that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is # pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... # Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". # # The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish # Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are # not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available # in Swedish): (type # "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click # the Sök-button). # # (2001-05-13): # # I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00 # summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show # 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some # people thought the switch to standard time would take place already # at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another # hour before the event took place. # # Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time 1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 01:00 1:00 - CET 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Switzerland # From Howse: # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep # mean time in preference to apparent time - Geneva from 1780 .... # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - # From Shanks & Pottenger: # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - # From Alois Treindl (2008-12-17): # I have researched the DST usage in Switzerland during the 1940ies. # # As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values # to be wrong. This is now verified. # # I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal # government, in 'Eidgenössische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss # federal law collection)... # # DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am # DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. # # DST began on Monday, 4 May 1942 at 01:00 am # DST ended on Monday, 5 Oct 1942 at 02:00 am # # There was no DST in 1940, I have checked the law collection carefully. # It is also indicated by the fact that the 1942 entry in the law # collection points back to 1941 as a reference, but no reference to any # other years are made. # # Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported # about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous # night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such # a thing had happened in Switzerland. # # I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traité de # l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is # false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled # by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. # # The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - # # The 1940 rules must be deleted. # # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for # most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of # the Canton de Genève (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneva did not # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. # # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): # The Federal regulations say # http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): # the "Circulaire du conseil fédéral" (December 11 1893) # ... # clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight # but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one # hour before the beginning of service. # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11): # Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. # # We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland # except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: # # Jakob Messerli. Gleichmässig, pünktlich, schnell. Zeiteinteilung und # Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, # ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. # # suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not # agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the # most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the # "Bundesgesetz über die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on # 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 # (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in # practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph # offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" # (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on # 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and # legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Turkey # From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): # The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. # ... The latest rules are available at: # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): # I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that # DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure # what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001: # http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/arsiv/1996/21/N4.htm # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING97/03/97X03X25.TXT # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING98/03/98X03X02.HTM # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING99/10/99X10X26.HTM#%2016 # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2000/03/00X03X06.HTM#%2021 # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2001/03/23x03x01.HTM#%2027 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-03): # Prefer the above source to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1990. # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-09): # Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC # start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07): # http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp # The official document is located here - it is in Turkish...: # http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm # I was able to locate the following seemingly official document # (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: # http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm # From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): # According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer # time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. # This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. # http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 # Turkish: # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373 # From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14): # The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the # Turkish Local election.... # http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik # ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. # From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15): # Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31, # I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST # change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time. # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15): # The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule # change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See: # Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency # http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30. # I guess the best we can do is document the official time. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S # Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1946 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1947 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1949 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1951 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1951 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1962 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1962 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1964 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1964 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - May Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1973 only - Jun 3 1:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1973 only - Nov 4 3:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1974 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1974 only - Nov 3 5:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1975 1976 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1976 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 only - Oct 16 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1979 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 3:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1979 1982 - Oct Mon>=11 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 3:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1991 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1996 2006 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time? 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15 3:00 Turkey TR%sT 1985 Apr 20 # Turkey Time 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. # Ukraine # # From Igor Karpov, who works for the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice, # via Garrett Wollman (2003-01-27): # BTW, I've found the official document on this matter. It's government # regulations number 509, May 13, 1996. In my poor translation it says: # "Time in Ukraine is set to second timezone (Kiev time). Each last Sunday # of March at 3am the time is changing to 4am and each last Sunday of # October the time at 4am is changing to 3am" # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-20): # On September 20, 2011 the deputies of the Verkhovna Rada agreed to # abolish the transfer clock to winter time. # # Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got # approval from 266 deputies. # # Ukraine abolishes transfer back to the winter time (in Russian) # http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ # # The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) # http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html # # Deputies cancelled the winter time (in Russian) # http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ # # From Philip Pizzey (2011-10-18): # Today my Ukrainian colleagues have informed me that the # Ukrainian parliament have decided that they will go to winter # time this year after all. # # From Udo Schwedt (2011-10-18): # As far as I understand, the recent change to the Ukrainian time zone # (Europe/Kiev) to introduce permanent daylight saving time (similar # to Russia) was reverted today: # http://portal.rada.gov.ua/rada/control/en/publish/article/info_left?art_id=287324&cat_id=105995 # # Also reported by Alexander Bokovoy (2011-10-18) who also noted: # The law documents themselves are at # http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb_n/webproc4_1?id=&pf3511=41484 # From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kiev time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): # First in Ukraine they changed Time zone from UTC+3 to UTC+2 with DST: # 03 25 1990 02:00 -03.00 1 Time Zone 3 with DST # 07 01 1990 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 18.06.1990, No. 134. # http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/T001500.html # # They did not end DST in September, 1990 (according to the law, # "summer time" was still in action): # 09 30 1990 03:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 21.09.1990, No. 272. # http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/KP900272.html # # Again no change in March, 1991 ("summer time" in action): # 03 31 1991 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # # DST ended in September 1991 ("summer time" ended): # 09 29 1991 03:00 -02.00 0 Time Zone 2, no DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 25.09.1991, No. 225. # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_21/pg_iwgdoc.htm # This is an answer. # # Since 1992 they had normal DST procedure: # 03 29 1992 02:00 -02.00 1 DST started # 09 27 1992 03:00 -02.00 0 DST ended # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139. # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # Most of Ukraine since 1970 has been like Kiev. # "Kyiv" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but # "Kiev" is more common in English. Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. # "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Rusyn/Ukrainian pronunciation, but # "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct 1:00 - CET 1940 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26 1:00 - CET 1945 Jun 29 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 1:00 - CET 1991 Mar 31 3:00 2:00 - EET 1992 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Zaporozh'ye and eastern Lugansk oblasts observed DST 1990/1991. # "Zaporizhia" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but # "Zaporozh'ye" is more common in English. Use the common English # spelling, except omit the apostrophe as it is not allowed in # portable Posix file names. Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880 2:20 - CUT 1924 May 2 # Central Ukraine T 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Vatican City # See Europe/Rome. ############################################################################### # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from # the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986. # The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else. # # According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but # uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules. # Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at # 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey # switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time # and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST) # ... # Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100 # From: Tom Hofmann # ... # # ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when # most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only # a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according # to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on # 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following # years... # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep # lastSun' in 1981 - I don't know how they handle now. # # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the # Soviet Union (as far as I know). # # Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, # 4002 Basle, Switzerland # ... # ... # Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100 # From: Dik T. Winter # ... # # The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct. # After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information # about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969. # # ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on # first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September... # In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that # the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982 # the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in # the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch # dates... # # It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g. # Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST... # Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not # all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations # occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always # assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the # case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours # in advance of normal time. # # ... # dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland # ... # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): # ... # Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates). # Since 1978. Change at midnight. # ... # Monaco: has same DST as France. # ... @ 1.1.1.1.2.1 log @file europe was added on branch tls-earlyentropy on 2014-08-10 06:51:01 +0000 @ text @d1 3340 @ 1.1.1.1.2.2 log @Rebase. @ text @a0 3340 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to # tz@@iana.org for general use in the future). # From Paul Eggert (2014-05-31): # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). # # Gwillim Law writes that a good source # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries # of the IATA's data after 1990. # # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). # # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for # entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. # # Other sources occasionally used include: # # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), # which I found in the UCLA library. # # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition # # [PDF] (1914-03) # # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 # . He writes: # "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables # may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society, # Savile Row, London." Nowadays please email them to tz@@iana.org. # # Brazil's Divisão Serviço da Hora (DSHO), # History of Summer Time # # (1998-09-21, in Portuguese) # # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table; # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. # Corrections are welcome! # std dst 2dst # LMT Local Mean Time # -4:00 AST ADT Atlantic # -3:00 WGT WGST Western Greenland* # -1:00 EGT EGST Eastern Greenland* # 0:00 GMT BST BDST Greenwich, British Summer # 0:00 GMT IST Greenwich, Irish Summer # 0:00 WET WEST WEMT Western Europe # 0:19:32.13 AMT NST Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)* # 0:20 NET NEST Netherlands (1937-1940)* # 1:00 CET CEST CEMT Central Europe # 1:00:14 SET Swedish (1879-1899)* # 2:00 EET EEST Eastern Europe # 3:00 FET Further-eastern Europe* # 3:00 MSK MSD MSM* Moscow # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04), # The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy, # Luxembourg, the Netherlands. # Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom. # Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece. # Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal. # Plus, from 1 Jan 95: Austria, Finland, Sweden. (Norway negotiated terms for # entry but in a referendum on 28 Nov 94 the people voted No by 52.2% to 47.8% # on a turnout of 88.6%. This was almost the same result as Norway's previous # referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice. # Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.) # ... # Estonia ... uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT. # I don't think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards. # ... # There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules]. # A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact # national law to implement it. The only contentious issue was the # different end date for the UK and Ireland, and this was always allowed # in the Directive. ############################################################################### # Britain (United Kingdom) and Ireland (Eire) # From Peter Ilieve (1994-07-06): # # On 17 Jan 1994 the Independent, a UK quality newspaper, had a piece about # historical vistas along the Thames in west London. There was a photo # and a sketch map showing some of the sightlines involved. One paragraph # of the text said: # # 'An old stone obelisk marking a forgotten terrestrial meridian stands # beside the river at Kew. In the 18th century, before time and longitude # was standardised by the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, scholars observed # this stone and the movement of stars from Kew Observatory nearby. They # made their calculations and set the time for the Horse Guards and Parliament, # but now the stone is obscured by scrubwood and can only be seen by walking # along the towpath within a few yards of it.' # # I have a one inch to one mile map of London and my estimate of the stone's # position is 51 degrees 28' 30" N, 0 degrees 18' 45" W. The longitude should # be within about +-2". The Ordnance Survey grid reference is TQ172761. # # [This yields GMTOFF = -0:01:15 for London LMT in the 18th century.] # From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18): # # Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time. # The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time, # and it was they who forced a uniform time on the country. # The original idea was credited to Dr. William Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828) # and was popularized by Abraham Follett Osler (1808-1903). # The first railway to adopt London time was the Great Western Railway # in November 1840; other railways followed suit, and by 1847 most # (though not all) railways used London time. On 1847-09-22 the # Railway Clearing House, an industry standards body, recommended that GMT be # adopted at all stations as soon as the General Post Office permitted it. # The transition occurred on 12-01 for the L&NW, the Caledonian, # and presumably other railways; the January 1848 Bradshaw's lists many # railways as using GMT. By 1855 the vast majority of public # clocks in Britain were set to GMT (though some, like the great clock # on Tom Tower at Christ Church, Oxford, were fitted with two minute hands, # one for local time and one for GMT). The last major holdout was the legal # system, which stubbornly stuck to local time for many years, leading # to oddities like polls opening at 08:13 and closing at 16:13. # The legal system finally switched to GMT when the Statutes (Definition # of Time) Act took effect; it received the Royal Assent on 1880-08-02. # # In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single # transition date for London, namely 1847-12-01. We don't know as much # about Dublin, so we use 1880-08-02, the legal transition time. # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-19): # The ancients had no need for daylight saving, as they kept time # informally or via hours whose length depended on the time of year. # Daylight saving time in its modern sense was invented by the # New Zealand entomologist George Vernon Hudson (1867-1946), # whose day job as a postal clerk led him to value # after-hours daylight in which to pursue his research. # In 1895 he presented a paper to the Wellington Philosophical Society # that proposed a two-hour daylight-saving shift. See: # Hudson GV. On seasonal time-adjustment in countries south of lat. 30 deg. # Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 1895;28:734 # http://rsnz.natlib.govt.nz/volume/rsnz_28/rsnz_28_00_006110.html # Although some interest was expressed in New Zealand, his proposal # did not find its way into law and eventually it was almost forgotten. # # In England, DST was independently reinvented by William Willett (1857-1915), # a London builder and member of the Royal Astronomical Society # who circulated a pamphlet "The Waste of Daylight" (1907) # that proposed advancing clocks 20 minutes on each of four Sundays in April, # and retarding them by the same amount on four Sundays in September. # A bill was drafted in 1909 and introduced in Parliament several times, # but it met with ridicule and opposition, especially from farming interests. # Later editions of the pamphlet proposed one-hour summer time, and # it was eventually adopted as a wartime measure in 1916. # See: Summer Time Arrives Early, The Times (2000-05-18). # A monument to Willett was unveiled on 1927-05-21, in an open space in # a 45-acre wood near Chislehurst, Kent that was purchased by popular # subscription and open to the public. On the south face of the monolith, # designed by G. W. Miller, is the William Willett Memorial Sundial, # which is permanently set to Summer Time. # From Winston Churchill (1934-04-28): # It is one of the paradoxes of history that we should owe the boon of # summer time, which gives every year to the people of this country # between 160 and 170 hours more daylight leisure, to a war which # plunged Europe into darkness for four years, and shook the # foundations of civilization throughout the world. # # "A Silent Toast to William Willett", Pictorial Weekly # From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): # The OED Supplement says that the English originally said "Daylight Saving" # when they were debating the adoption of DST in 1908; but by 1916 this # term appears only in quotes taken from DST's opponents, whereas the # proponents (who eventually won the argument) are quoted as using "Summer". # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-19): # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. # Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) # From: Jonathan Leffler # [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament. # If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in # politics making a fortune, not computing. # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-14): # I remember reading in various wartime issues of the London Times the # acronym BDST for British Double Summer Time. Look for the published # time of sunrise and sunset in The Times, when BDST was in effect, and # if you find a zone reference it will say, "All times B.D.S.T." # From Joseph S. Myers (1999-09-02): # ... some military cables (WO 219/4100 - this is a copy from the # main SHAEF archives held in the US National Archives, SHAEF/5252/8/516) # agree that the usage is BDST (this appears in a message dated 17 Feb 1945). # From Joseph S. Myers (2000-10-03): # On 18th April 1941, Sir Stephen Tallents of the BBC wrote to Sir # Alexander Maxwell of the Home Office asking whether there was any # official designation; the reply of the 21st was that there wasn't # but he couldn't think of anything better than the "Double British # Summer Time" that the BBC had been using informally. # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/bbc-19410418.png # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ho-19410421.png # From Sir Alexander Maxwell in the above-mentioned letter (1941-04-21): # [N]o official designation has as far as I know been adopted for the time # which is to be introduced in May.... # I cannot think of anything better than "Double British Summer Time" # which could not be said to run counter to any official description. # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02): # Howse writes (p 157) 'DBST' too, but 'BDST' seems to have been common # and follows the more usual convention of putting the location name first, # so we use 'BDST'. # Peter Ilieve (1998-04-19) described at length # the history of summer time legislation in the United Kingdom. # Since 1998 Joseph S. Myers has been updating # and extending this list, which can be found in # http://student.cusu.cam.ac.uk/~jsm28/british-time/ # History of legal time in Britain # http://www.polyomino.org.uk/british-time/ # From Joseph S. Myers (1998-01-06): # # The legal time in the UK outside of summer time is definitely GMT, not UTC; # see Lord Tanlaw's speech # # (Lords Hansard 11 June 1997 columns 964 to 976). # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # # For lack of other data, follow Shanks & Pottenger for Eire in 1940-1948. # # Given Ilieve and Myers's data, the following claims by Shanks & Pottenger # are incorrect: # * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight saving time until # 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain. # Actually, Wales was identical after 1880. # * Eire had two transitions on 1916 Oct 1. # It actually just had one transition. # * Northern Ireland used single daylight saving time throughout WW II. # Actually, it conformed to Britain. # * GB-Eire changed standard time to 1 hour ahead of GMT on 1968-02-18. # Actually, that date saw the usual switch to summer time. # Standard time was not changed until 1968-10-27 (the clocks didn't change). # # Here is another incorrect claim by Shanks & Pottenger: # * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT # to daylight saving time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to # conform with Great Britain. # S.R.&O. 1916, No. 382 and HO 45/10811/312364 (quoted above) say otherwise. # # The following claim by Shanks & Pottenger is possible though doubtful; # we'll ignore it for now. # * Dublin's 1971-10-31 switch was at 02:00, even though London's was 03:00. # # # Whitman says Dublin Mean Time was -0:25:21, which is more precise than # Shanks & Pottenger. # Perhaps this was Dunsink Observatory Time, as Dunsink Observatory # (8 km NW of Dublin's center) seemingly was to Dublin as Greenwich was # to London. For example: # # "Timeball on the ballast office is down. Dunsink time." # -- James Joyce, Ulysses # From Joseph S. Myers (2005-01-26): # Irish laws are available online at . # These include various relating to legal time, for example: # # ZZA13Y1923.html ZZA12Y1924.html ZZA8Y1925.html ZZSIV20PG1267.html # # ZZSI71Y1947.html ZZSI128Y1948.html ZZSI23Y1949.html ZZSI41Y1950.html # ZZSI27Y1951.html ZZSI73Y1952.html # # ZZSI11Y1961.html ZZSI232Y1961.html ZZSI182Y1962.html # ZZSI167Y1963.html ZZSI257Y1964.html ZZSI198Y1967.html # ZZA23Y1968.html ZZA17Y1971.html # # ZZSI67Y1981.html ZZSI212Y1982.html ZZSI45Y1986.html # ZZSI264Y1988.html ZZSI52Y1990.html ZZSI371Y1992.html # ZZSI395Y1994.html ZZSI484Y1997.html ZZSI506Y2001.html # # [These are all relative to the root, e.g., the first is # .] # # (These are those I found, but there could be more. In any case these # should allow various updates to the comments in the europe file to cover # the laws applicable in Ireland.) # # (Note that the time in the Republic of Ireland since 1968 has been defined # in terms of standard time being GMT+1 with a period of winter time when it # is GMT, rather than standard time being GMT with a period of summer time # being GMT+1.) # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-28): # Clive Feather (, 1997-03-31) # reports that Folkestone (Cheriton) Shuttle Terminal uses Concession Time # (CT), equivalent to French civil time. # Julian Hill (, 1998-09-30) reports that # trains between Dollands Moor (the freight facility next door) # and Frethun run in CT. # My admittedly uninformed guess is that the terminal has two authorities, # the French concession operators and the British civil authorities, # and that the time depends on who you're talking to. # If, say, the British police were called to the station for some reason, # I would expect the official police report to use GMT/BST and not CET/CEST. # This is a borderline case, but for now let's stick to GMT/BST. # From an anonymous contributor (1996-06-02): # The law governing time in Ireland is under Statutory Instrument SI 395/94, # which gives force to European Union 7th Council Directive # 94/21/EC. # Under this directive, the Minister for Justice in Ireland makes appropriate # regulations. I spoke this morning with the Secretary of the Department of # Justice (tel +353 1 678 9711) who confirmed to me that the correct name is # "Irish Summer Time", abbreviated to "IST". # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Summer Time Act, 1916 Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - May 21 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1917, No. 358 Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1918, No. 274 Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Mar 24 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Sep 30 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1919, No. 297 Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Sep 29 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1920, No. 458 Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Mar 28 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1920, No. 1844 Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Oct 25 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1921, No. 363 Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1922, No. 264 Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Oct 8 2:00s 0 GMT # The Summer Time Act, 1922 Rule GB-Eire 1923 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1923 1924 - Sep Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1924 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1925 1926 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST # The Summer Time Act, 1925 Rule GB-Eire 1925 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1927 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1928 1929 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1930 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1931 1932 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1933 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1934 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1935 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1936 1937 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1938 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1939, No. 1379 Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Nov Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT # S.R.&O. 1940, No. 172 and No. 1883 Rule GB-Eire 1940 only - Feb Sun>=23 2:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1941, No. 476 Rule GB-Eire 1941 only - May Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1941 1943 - Aug Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1942, No. 506 Rule GB-Eire 1942 1944 - Apr Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST # S.R.&O. 1944, No. 932 Rule GB-Eire 1944 only - Sep Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1945, No. 312 Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Apr Mon>=2 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Jul Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST # S.R.&O. 1945, No. 1208 Rule GB-Eire 1945 1946 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST # The Summer Time Act, 1947 Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Mar 16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Apr 13 1:00s 2:00 BDST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Aug 10 1:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1948 (S.I. 1948/495) Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Oct 31 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1949 (S.I. 1949/373) Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Oct 30 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1950 (S.I. 1950/518) # Summer Time Order, 1951 (S.I. 1951/430) # Summer Time Order, 1952 (S.I. 1952/451) Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Apr Sun>=14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00s 0 GMT # revert to the rules of the Summer Time Act, 1925 Rule GB-Eire 1953 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1955 1956 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1957 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1958 1959 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST # Summer Time Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/71) # Summer Time (1962) Order, 1961 (S.I. 1961/2465) # Summer Time Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/81) Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1961 1968 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time (1964) Order, 1963 (S.I. 1963/2101) # Summer Time Order, 1964 (S.I. 1964/1201) # Summer Time Order, 1967 (S.I. 1967/1148) Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST # Summer Time Order, 1968 (S.I. 1968/117) Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 2:00s 1:00 BST # The British Standard Time Act, 1968 # (no summer time) # The Summer Time Act, 1972 Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1980 (S.I. 1980/1089) # Summer Time Order, 1982 (S.I. 1982/1673) # Summer Time Order, 1986 (S.I. 1986/223) # Summer Time Order, 1988 (S.I. 1988/931) Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT # Summer Time Order, 1989 (S.I. 1989/985) # Summer Time Order, 1992 (S.I. 1992/1729) # Summer Time Order 1994 (S.I. 1994/2798) Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT # Summer Time Order 1997 (S.I. 1997/2982) # See EU for rules starting in 1996. # # Use Europe/London for Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/London -0:01:15 - LMT 1847 Dec 1 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1996 0:00 EU GMT/BST Link Europe/London Europe/Jersey Link Europe/London Europe/Guernsey Link Europe/London Europe/Isle_of_Man Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 -0:25:21 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 -0:25:21 1:00 IST 1916 Oct 1 2:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1921 Dec 6 # independence 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1940 Feb 25 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 0:00 1:00 IST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1968 Oct 27 1:00 - IST 1971 Oct 31 2:00u 0:00 GB-Eire GMT/IST 1996 0:00 EU GMT/IST ############################################################################### # Europe # EU rules are for the European Union, previously known as the EC, EEC, # Common Market, etc. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule EU 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00u 1:00 S Rule EU 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - # The most recent directive covers the years starting in 2002. See: # Directive 2000/84/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council # of 19 January 2001 on summer-time arrangements. # # W-Eur differs from EU only in that W-Eur uses standard time. Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule W-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule W-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Older C-Eur rules are for convenience in the tables. # From 1977 on, C-Eur differs from EU only in that C-Eur uses standard time. Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule C-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-07-13): # # I found what is probably a typo of 2:00 which should perhaps be 2:00s # in the C-Eur rule from tz database version 2008d (this part was # corrected in version 2008d). The circumstantial evidence is simply the # tz database itself, as seen below: # # Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 # # Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 # 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 # # Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 # 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s # # Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - # Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # # The rule line to be changed is: # # Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 - # # It seems that Paris, Monaco, Rule France, Rule Belgium all agree on # 2:00 standard time, e.g. 3:00 local time. However there are no # countries that use C-Eur rules in September 1945, so the only items # affected are apparently these fictitious zones that translate acronyms # CET and MET: # # Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT # Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT # # It this is right then the corrected version would look like: # # Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # # A small step for mankind though 8-) Rule C-Eur 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule C-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule C-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - # E-Eur differs from EU only in that E-Eur switches at midnight local time. Rule E-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule E-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule E-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S Rule E-Eur 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 MST # Moscow Summer Time Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 MMT # Moscow Mean Time Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 MDST # Moscow Double Summer Time Rule Russia 1918 only - Sep 16 1:00 1:00 MST Rule Russia 1919 only - May 31 23:00 2:00 MDST Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 MSD Rule Russia 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 MSK Rule Russia 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 MSD Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 MSM # Midsummer Rule Russia 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 MSD Rule Russia 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - # Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24): Rule Russia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Russia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - # Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in # Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14): Rule Russia 1984 1991 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1985 1991 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S # Rule Russia 1992 only - Mar lastSat 23:00 1:00 S Rule Russia 1992 only - Sep lastSat 23:00 0 - Rule Russia 1993 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Russia 1993 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Russia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14): # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011. # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time. # # Medvedev signed a law "On the Calculation of Time" (in russian): # http://bmockbe.ru/events/?ID=7583 # # Medvedev signed a law on the calculation of the time (in russian): # http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1413906.html # From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): # Take "abolishing daylight saving time" to mean that time is now considered # to be standard. # These are for backward compatibility with older versions. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone WET 0:00 EU WE%sT Zone CET 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT Zone MET 1:00 C-Eur ME%sT Zone EET 2:00 EU EE%sT # Previous editions of this database used abbreviations like MET DST # for Central European Summer Time, but this didn't agree with common usage. # From Markus Kuhn (1996-07-12): # The official German names ... are # # Mitteleuropäische Zeit (MEZ) = UTC+01:00 # Mitteleuropäische Sommerzeit (MESZ) = UTC+02:00 # # as defined in the German Time Act (Gesetz über die Zeitbestimmung (ZeitG), # 1978-07-25, Bundesgesetzblatt, Jahrgang 1978, Teil I, S. 1110-1111).... # I wrote ... to the German Federal Physical-Technical Institution # # Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) # Laboratorium 4.41 "Zeiteinheit" # Postfach 3345 # D-38023 Braunschweig # phone: +49 531 592-0 # # ... I received today an answer letter from Dr. Peter Hetzel, head of the PTB # department for time and frequency transmission. He explained that the # PTB translates MEZ and MESZ into English as # # Central European Time (CET) = UTC+01:00 # Central European Summer Time (CEST) = UTC+02:00 # Albania # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Albania 1940 only - Jun 16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - Rule Albania 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1943 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 - Rule Albania 1974 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1974 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1975 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1975 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1976 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1976 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1977 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1977 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1978 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1979 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1980 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1980 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1981 only - Apr 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1981 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1982 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1982 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1983 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 S Rule Albania 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Albania 1984 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Tirane 1:19:20 - LMT 1914 1:00 - CET 1940 Jun 16 1:00 Albania CE%sT 1984 Jul 1:00 EU CE%sT # Andorra # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30 1:00 - CET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 1:00 EU CE%sT # Austria # Milne says Vienna time was 1:05:21. # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): Shanks & Pottenger give 1918-06-16 and # 1945-11-18, but the Austrian Federal Office of Metrology and # Surveying (BEV) gives 1918-09-16 and for Vienna gives the "alleged" # date of 1945-04-12 with no time. For the 1980-04-06 transition # Shanks & Pottenger give 02:00, the BEV 00:00. Go with the BEV, # and guess 02:00 for 1945-04-12. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1920 only - Sep 13 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1946 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Austria 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Austria 1980 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule Austria 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vienna 1:05:21 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1920 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1940 Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Apr 12 2:00s 1:00 - CET 1946 1:00 Austria CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Belarus # From Yauhen Kharuzhy (2011-09-16): # By latest Belarus government act Europe/Minsk timezone was changed to # GMT+3 without DST (was GMT+2 with DST). # # Sources (Russian language): # http://www.belta.by/ru/all_news/society/V-Belarusi-otmenjaetsja-perexod-na-sezonnoe-vremja_i_572952.html # http://naviny.by/rubrics/society/2011/09/16/ic_articles_116_175144/ # http://news.tut.by/society/250578.html # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 1:50 - MMT 1924 May 2 # Minsk Mean Time 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 28 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 3 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 - EET 1992 Mar 29 0:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1992 Sep 27 0:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - FET # Belgium # # From Paul Eggert (1997-07-02): # Entries from 1918 through 1991 are taken from: # Annuaire de L'Observatoire Royal de Belgique, # Avenue Circulaire, 3, B-1180 BRUXELLES, CLVIIe année, 1991 # (Imprimerie HAYEZ, s.p.r.l., Rue Fin, 4, 1080 BRUXELLES, MCMXC), # pp 8-9. # LMT before 1892 was 0:17:30, according to the official journal of Belgium: # Moniteur Belge, Samedi 30 Avril 1892, N.121. # Thanks to Pascal Delmoitie for these references. # The 1918 rules are listed for completeness; they apply to unoccupied Belgium. # Assume Brussels switched to WET in 1918 when the armistice took effect. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Belgium 1918 only - Mar 9 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1918 1919 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1922 1927 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S # DSH writes that a royal decree of 1926-02-22 specified the Sun following 3rd # Sat in Apr (except if it's Easter, in which case it's one Sunday earlier), # to Sun following 1st Sat in Oct, and that a royal decree of 1928-09-15 # changed the transition times to 02:00 GMT. Rule Belgium 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1928 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1929 only - Apr 21 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1930 only - Apr 13 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1931 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1932 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1933 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1934 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1935 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1936 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1937 only - Apr 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1938 only - Mar 27 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1939 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1939 only - Nov 19 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule Belgium 1946 only - May 19 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Belgium 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:30 - LMT 1880 0:17:30 - BMT 1892 May 1 12:00 # Brussels MT 0:00 - WET 1914 Nov 8 1:00 - CET 1916 May 1 0:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Nov 11 11:00u 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 20 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 3 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Bosnia and Herzegovina # See Europe/Belgrade. # Bulgaria # # From Plamen Simenov via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): # A document of Government of Bulgaria (No.94/1997) says: # EET -> EETDST is in 03:00 Local time in last Sunday of March ... # EETDST -> EET is in 04:00 Local time in last Sunday of October # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 S Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 - Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1894 Nov 30 # Istanbul MT? 2:00 - EET 1942 Nov 2 3:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 - CET 1945 Apr 2 3:00 2:00 - EET 1979 Mar 31 23:00 2:00 Bulg EE%sT 1982 Sep 26 2:00 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2:00 EU EE%sT # Croatia # See Europe/Belgrade. # Cyprus # Please see the 'asia' file for Asia/Nicosia. # Czech Republic # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - Rule Czech 1946 only - May 6 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Czech 1947 only - Apr 20 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 0:57:44 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 17 2:00s 1:00 Czech CE%sT 1979 1:00 EU CE%sT # Use Europe/Prague also for Slovakia. # Denmark, Faroe Islands, and Greenland # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-04-26): # http://www.hum.aau.dk/~poe/tid/tine/DanskTid.htm says that the law # [introducing standard time] was in effect from 1894-01-01.... # The page http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A18930008330-REGL # confirms this, and states that the law was put forth 1893-03-29. # # The EU treaty with effect from 1973: # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19722110030-REGL # # This provoked a new law from 1974 to make possible summer time changes # in subsequent decrees with the law # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/A19740022330-REGL # # It seems however that no decree was set forward until 1980. I have # not found any decree, but in another related law, the effecting DST # changes are stated explicitly to be from 1980-04-06 at 02:00 to # 1980-09-28 at 02:00. If this is true, this differs slightly from # the EU rule in that DST runs to 02:00, not 03:00. We don't know # when Denmark began using the EU rule correctly, but we have only # confirmation of the 1980-time, so I presume it was correct in 1981: # The law is about the management of the extra hour, concerning # working hours reported and effect on obligatory-rest rules (which # was suspended on that night): # http://www.retsinfo.dk/_GETDOCI_/ACCN/C19801120554-REGL # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-06-11): # The Herning Folkeblad (1980-09-26) reported that the night between # Saturday and Sunday the clock is set back from three to two. # From Paul Eggert (2005-06-11): # Hence the "02:00" of the 1980 law refers to standard time, not # wall-clock time, and so the EU rules were in effect in 1980. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 - Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 - Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 - # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 0:50:20 - CMT 1894 Jan 1 # Copenhagen MT 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Denmark CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Atlantic/Faroe -0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Tórshavn 0:00 - WET 1981 0:00 EU WE%sT # # From Paul Eggert (2004-10-31): # During World War II, Germany maintained secret manned weather stations in # East Greenland and Franz Josef Land, but we don't know their time zones. # My source for this is Wilhelm Dege's book mentioned under Svalbard. # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Greenland joined the EU as part of Denmark, obtained home rule on 1979-05-01, # and left the EU on 1985-02-01. It therefore should have been using EU # rules at least through 1984. Shanks & Pottenger say Scoresbysund and Godthåb # used C-Eur rules after 1980, but IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says they use EU # rules since at least 1991. Assume EU rules since 1980. # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-06), citing # (2001-03-15), # and with translations corrected by Steffen Thorsen: # # Greenland has four local times, and the relation to UTC # is according to the following time line: # # The military zone near Thule UTC-4 # Standard Greenland time UTC-3 # Scoresbysund UTC-1 # Danmarkshavn UTC # # In the military area near Thule and in Danmarkshavn DST will not be # introduced. # From Rives McDow (2001-11-01): # # I correspond regularly with the Dansk Polarcenter, and wrote them at # the time to clarify the situation in Thule. Unfortunately, I have # not heard back from them regarding my recent letter. [But I have # info from earlier correspondence.] # # According to the center, a very small local time zone around Thule # Air Base keeps the time according to UTC-4, implementing daylight # savings using North America rules, changing the time at 02:00 local time.... # # The east coast of Greenland north of the community of Scoresbysund # uses UTC in the same way as in Iceland, year round, with no dst. # There are just a few stations on this coast, including the # Danmarkshavn ICAO weather station mentioned in your September 29th # email. The other stations are two sledge patrol stations in # Mestersvig and Daneborg, the air force base at Station Nord, and the # DPC research station at Zackenberg. # # Scoresbysund and two small villages nearby keep time UTC-1 and use # the same daylight savings time period as in West Greenland (Godthåb). # # The rest of Greenland, including Godthåb (this area, although it # includes central Greenland, is known as west Greenland), keeps time # UTC-3, with daylight savings methods according to European rules. # # It is common procedure to use UTC 0 in the wilderness of East and # North Greenland, because it is mainly Icelandic aircraft operators # maintaining traffic in these areas. However, the official status of # this area is that it sticks with Godthåb time. This area might be # considered a dual time zone in some respects because of this. # From Rives McDow (2001-11-19): # I heard back from someone stationed at Thule; the time change took place # there at 2:00 AM. # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # From 1997 on the CIA map shows Danmarkshavn on GMT; # the 1995 map as like Godthåb. # For lack of better info, assume they were like Godthåb before 1996. # startkart.no says Thule does not observe DST, but this is clearly an error, # so go with Shanks & Pottenger for Thule transitions until this year. # For 2007 on assume Thule will stay in sync with US DST rules. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 1991 1992 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S Rule Thule 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D Rule Thule 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S # # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone America/Danmarkshavn -1:14:40 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU WG%sT 1996 0:00 - GMT Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:27:52 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Ittoqqortoormiit -2:00 - CGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -2:00 C-Eur CG%sT 1981 Mar 29 -1:00 EU EG%sT Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Nuuk -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 -3:00 EU WG%sT Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 # Pituffik air base -4:00 Thule A%sT # Estonia # From Peter Ilieve (1994-10-15): # A relative in Tallinn confirms the accuracy of the data for 1989 onwards # [through 1994] and gives the legal authority for it, # a regulation of the Government of Estonia, No. 111 of 1989.... # # From Peter Ilieve (1996-10-28): # [IATA SSIM (1992/1996) claims that the Baltic republics switch at 01:00s, # but a relative confirms that Estonia still switches at 02:00s, writing:] # "I do not [know] exactly but there are some little different # (confusing) rules for International Air and Railway Transport Schedules # conversion in Sunday connected with end of summer time in Estonia.... # A discussion is running about the summer time efficiency and effect on # human physiology. It seems that Estonia maybe will not change to # summer time next spring." # From Peter Ilieve (1998-11-04), heavily edited: # The 1998-09-22 Estonian time law # # refers to the Eighth Directive and cites the association agreement between # the EU and Estonia, ratified by the Estonian law (RT II 1995, 22-27, 120). # # I also asked [my relative] whether they use any standard abbreviation # for their standard and summer times. He says no, they use "suveaeg" # (summer time) and "talveaeg" (winter time). # From The Baltic Times (1999-09-09) # via Steffen Thorsen: # This year will mark the last time Estonia shifts to summer time, # a council of the ruling coalition announced Sept. 6.... # But what this could mean for Estonia's chances of joining the European # Union are still unclear. In 1994, the EU declared summer time compulsory # for all member states until 2001. Brussels has yet to decide what to do # after that. # From Mart Oruaas (2000-01-29): # Regulation no. 301 (1999-10-12) obsoletes previous regulation # no. 206 (1998-09-22) and thus sticks Estonia to +02:00 GMT for all # the year round. The regulation is effective 1999-11-01. # From Toomas Soome (2002-02-21): # The Estonian government has changed once again timezone politics. # Now we are using again EU rules. # # From Urmet Jänes (2002-03-28): # The legislative reference is Government decree No. 84 on 2002-02-21. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 1:39:00 - TMT 1918 Feb # Tallinn Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1919 Jul 1:39:00 - TMT 1921 May 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 15 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Sep 22 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep 24 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 Sep 22 2:00 EU EE%sT 1999 Nov 1 2:00 - EET 2002 Feb 21 2:00 EU EE%sT # Finland # From Hannu Strang (1994-09-25 06:03:37 UTC): # Well, here in Helsinki we're just changing from summer time to regular one, # and it's supposed to change at 4am... # From Janne Snabb (2010-07-15): # # I noticed that the Finland data is not accurate for years 1981 and 1982. # During these two first trial years the DST adjustment was made one hour # earlier than in forthcoming years. Starting 1983 the adjustment was made # according to the central European standards. # # This is documented in Heikki Oja: Aikakirja 2007, published by The Almanac # Office of University of Helsinki, ISBN 952-10-3221-9, available online (in # Finnish) at # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/aikakirja/Aikakirja2007kokonaan.pdf # # Page 105 (56 in PDF version) has a handy table of all past daylight savings # transitions. It is easy enough to interpret without Finnish skills. # # This is also confirmed by Finnish Broadcasting Company's archive at: # http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=1&ag=5&t=&a=3401 # # The news clip from 1981 says that "the time between 2 and 3 o'clock does not # exist tonight." # From Konstantin Hyppönen (2014-06-13): # [Heikki Oja's book Aikakirja 2013] # http://almanakka.helsinki.fi/images/aikakirja/Aikakirja2013kokonaan.pdf # pages 104-105, including a scan from a newspaper published on Apr 2 1942 # say that ... [o]n Apr 2 1942, 24 o'clock (which means Apr 3 1942, # 00:00), clocks were moved one hour forward. The newspaper # mentions "on the night from Thursday to Friday".... # On Oct 4 1942, clocks were moved at 1:00 one hour backwards. # # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-14): # Go with Oja over Shanks. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 2 24:00 1:00 S Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 4 1:00 0 - Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S Rule Finland 1981 1982 - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - # Milne says Helsinki (Helsingfors) time was 1:39:49.2 (official document); # round to nearest. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:49 - LMT 1878 May 31 1:39:49 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time 2:00 Finland EE%sT 1983 2:00 EU EE%sT # Åland Is Link Europe/Helsinki Europe/Mariehamn # France # From Ciro Discepolo (2000-12-20): # # Henri Le Corre, Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, Éditions # Traditionnelles - Paris 2 books, 1993 # # Gabriel, Traité de l'heure dans le monde, Guy Trédaniel, # Paris, 1991 # # Françoise Gauquelin, Problèmes de l'heure résolus en astrologie, # Guy Trédaniel, Paris 1987 # # Shank & Pottenger seem to use '24:00' ambiguously; resolve it with Whitman. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S # DSH writes that a law of 1923-05-24 specified 3rd Sat in Apr at 23:00 to 1st # Sat in Oct at 24:00; and that in 1930, because of Easter, the transitions # were Apr 12 and Oct 5. Go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1930 only - Apr 12 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1933 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S # The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, but Shanks & Pottenger # write that they were used in Monaco and in many French locations. # Le Corre writes that the upper limit of the free zone was Arnéguy, Orthez, # Mont-de-Marsan, Bazas, Langon, Lamothe-Montravel, Marœuil, La # Rochefoucauld, Champagne-Mouton, La Roche-Posay, La Haye-Descartes, # Loches, Montrichard, Vierzon, Bourges, Moulins, Digoin, # Paray-le-Monial, Montceau-les-Mines, Chalon-sur-Saône, Arbois, # Dole, Morez, St-Claude, and Collonges (Haute-Savoie). Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 M # Midsummer # Shanks & Pottenger say this transition occurred at Oct 6 1:00, # but go with Denis Excoffier (1997-12-12), # who quotes the Ephémérides astronomiques for 1998 from Bureau des Longitudes # as saying 5/10/41 22hUT. Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S Rule France 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 2:00 M Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 S Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1943 only - Oct 4 3:00 1:00 S Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 S Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 M Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give Mar 28 2:00 and Sep 26 3:00; # go with Excoffier's 28/3/76 0hUT and 25/9/76 23hUT. Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 S Rule France 1976 only - Sep 26 1:00 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time, and Whitman 0:09:05, # but Howse quotes the actual French legislation as saying 0:09:21. # Go with Howse. Howse writes that the time in France was officially based # on PMT-0:09:21 until 1978-08-09, when the time base finally switched to UTC. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:21 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 0:01 # Paris MT # Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Jun 14 0:00; go with Excoffier and Le Corre. 0:00 France WE%sT 1940 Jun 14 23:00 # Le Corre says Paris stuck with occupied-France time after the liberation; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 25 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Germany # From Markus Kuhn (1998-09-29): # The German time zone web site by the Physikalisch-Technische # Bundesanstalt contains DST information back to 1916. # [See tz-link.htm for the URL.] # From Jörg Schilling (2002-10-23): # In 1945, Berlin was switched to Moscow Summer time (GMT+4) by # # General [Nikolai] Bersarin. # From Paul Eggert (2003-03-08): # http://www.parlament-berlin.de/pds-fraktion.nsf/727459127c8b66ee8525662300459099/defc77cb784f180ac1256c2b0030274b/$FILE/bersarint.pdf # says that Bersarin issued an order to use Moscow time on May 20. # However, Moscow did not observe daylight saving in 1945, so # this was equivalent to CEMT (GMT+3), not GMT+4. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Germany 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Germany 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # http://www.ptb.de/de/org/4/44/441/salt.htm says the following transition # occurred at 3:00 MEZ, not the 2:00 MEZ given in Shanks & Pottenger. # Go with the PTB. Rule Germany 1947 only - Apr 6 3:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1947 only - May 11 2:00s 2:00 M Rule Germany 1947 only - Jun 29 3:00 1:00 S Rule Germany 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Germany 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S Rule SovietZone 1945 only - May 24 2:00 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Sep 24 3:00 1:00 S Rule SovietZone 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 May 24 2:00 1:00 SovietZone CE%sT 1946 1:00 Germany CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # From Tobias Conradi (2011-09-12): # Büsingen , surrounded by the Swiss canton # Schaffhausen, did not start observing DST in 1980 as the rest of DE # (West Germany at that time) and DD (East Germany at that time) did. # DD merged into DE, the area is currently covered by code DE in ISO 3166-1, # which in turn is covered by the zone Europe/Berlin. # # Source for the time in Büsingen 1980: # http://www.srf.ch/player/video?id=c012c029-03b7-4c2b-9164-aa5902cd58d3 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-03): # Busingen and Zurich have shared clocks since 1970. Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Busingen # Georgia # Please see the "asia" file for Asia/Tbilisi. # Herodotus (Histories, IV.45) says Georgia north of the Phasis (now Rioni) # is in Europe. Our reference location Tbilisi is in the Asian part. # Gibraltar # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 0:00s 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 1:00 - CET 1982 1:00 EU CE%sT # Greece # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # Whitman gives 1932 Jul 5 - Nov 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1941 Apr 25 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1942 Feb 2 - ?; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1944 Oct 3 - Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 - Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1975 only - Nov 26 0:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1976 only - Apr 11 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1976 only - Oct 10 2:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Greece 1977 only - Sep 26 2:00s 0 - Rule Greece 1978 only - Sep 24 4:00 0 - Rule Greece 1979 only - Apr 1 9:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1979 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - Rule Greece 1980 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Greece 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14 1:34:52 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1941 Apr 30 1:00 Greece CE%sT 1944 Apr 4 2:00 Greece EE%sT 1981 # Shanks & Pottenger say it switched to C-Eur in 1981; # go with EU instead, since Greece joined it on Jan 1. 2:00 EU EE%sT # Hungary # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-15): # Dates for 1916-1945 are taken from: # Oross A. Jelen a múlt jövője: a nyári időszámítás Magyarországon 1916-1945. # National Archives of Hungary (2012-10-29). # http://mnl.gov.hu/a_het_dokumentuma/a_nyari_idoszamitas_magyarorszagon_19161945.html # This source does not always give times, which are taken from Shanks # & Pottenger (which disagree about the dates). # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Hungary 1918 only - Apr 1 3:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1919 only - Nov 24 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - May 23 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1956 only - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1956 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 S Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1941 Apr 8 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 Hungary CE%sT 1980 Sep 28 2:00s 1:00 EU CE%sT # Iceland # # From Adam David (1993-11-06): # The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. # # (1993-12-05): # This material is paraphrased from the 1988 edition of the University of # Iceland Almanak. # # From January 1st, 1908 the whole of Iceland was standardised at 1 hour # behind GMT. Previously, local mean solar time was used in different parts # of Iceland, the almanak had been based on Reykjavik mean solar time which # was 1 hour and 28 minutes behind GMT. # # "first day of winter" referred to [below] means the first day of the 26 weeks # of winter, according to the old icelandic calendar that dates back to the # time the norsemen first settled Iceland. The first day of winter is always # Saturday, but is not dependent on the Julian or Gregorian calendars. # # (1993-12-10): # I have a reference from the Oxford Icelandic-English dictionary for the # beginning of winter, which ties it to the ecclesiastical calendar (and thus # to the julian/gregorian calendar) over the period in question. # the winter begins on the Saturday next before St. Luke's day # (old style), or on St. Luke's day, if a Saturday. # St. Luke's day ought to be traceable from ecclesiastical sources. "old style" # might be a reference to the Julian calendar as opposed to Gregorian, or it # might mean something else (???). # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # The Iceland Almanak, Shanks & Pottenger, and Whitman disagree on many points. # We go with the Almanak, except for one claim from Shanks & Pottenger, namely # that Reykavik was 21W57 from 1837 to 1908, local mean time before that. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 19 23:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 21 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1918 only - Nov 16 1:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1939 only - Apr 29 23:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1939 only - Nov 29 2:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1940 only - Nov 3 2:00 0 - Rule Iceland 1941 only - Mar 2 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1941 only - Nov 2 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1942 only - Mar 8 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1942 only - Oct 25 1:00s 0 - # 1943-1946 - first Sunday in March until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Iceland 1943 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - # 1947-1967 - first Sunday in April until first Sunday in winter Rule Iceland 1947 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 S # 1949 Oct transition delayed by 1 week Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1950 1966 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00s 0 - Rule Iceland 1967 only - Oct 29 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 -1:27:48 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time? -1:00 Iceland IS%sT 1968 Apr 7 1:00s 0:00 - GMT # Italy # # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06): # Sicily and Sardinia each had their own time zones from 1866 to 1893, # called Palermo Time (+00:53:28) and Cagliari Time (+00:36:32). # During World War II, German-controlled Italy used German time. # But these events all occurred before the 1970 cutoff, # so record only the time in Rome. # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # For Italian DST we have three sources: Shanks & Pottenger, Whitman, and # F. Pollastri # Day-light Saving Time in Italy (2006-02-03) # # ('FP' below), taken from an Italian National Electrotechnical Institute # publication. When the three sources disagree, guess who's right, as follows: # # year FP Shanks&P. (S) Whitman (W) Go with: # 1916 06-03 06-03 24:00 06-03 00:00 FP & W # 09-30 09-30 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1917 04-01 03-31 24:00 03-31 00:00 FP & S # 09-30 09-29 24:00 09-30 01:00 FP & W # 1918 03-09 03-09 24:00 03-09 00:00 FP & S # 10-06 10-05 24:00 10-06 01:00 FP & W # 1919 03-01 03-01 24:00 03-01 00:00 FP & S # 10-04 10-04 24:00 10-04 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1920 03-20 03-20 24:00 03-20 00:00 FP & S # 09-18 09-18 24:00 10-01 01:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1944 04-02 04-03 02:00 S (see C-Eur) # 09-16 10-02 03:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1945 09-14 09-16 24:00 FP; guess 24:00s # 1970 05-21 05-31 00:00 S # 09-20 09-27 00:00 S # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 3 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1917 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 10 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 2 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 19 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1944 only - Sep 17 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 15 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1966 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 0:49:56 - RMT 1893 Nov 1 0:00s # Rome Mean 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Jul 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT Link Europe/Rome Europe/Vatican Link Europe/Rome Europe/San_Marino # Latvia # From Liene Kanepe (1998-09-17): # I asked about this matter Scientific Secretary of the Institute of Astronomy # of The University of Latvia Dr. paed Mr. Ilgonis Vilks. I also searched the # correct data in juridical acts and I found some juridical documents about # changes in the counting of time in Latvia from 1981.... # # Act No.35 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1981-01-22 ... # according to the Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1980-10-24 # ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning # the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on 1 April at 00:00 (GMT 31 March 21:00) # and 1 hour backward on the 1 October at 00:00 (GMT 30 September 20:00). # # Act No.592 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1984-09-24 ... # according to the Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1984-09-13 # ...: all year round the time of 2nd time zone + 1 hour, in addition turning # the hands of the clock 1 hour forward on the last Sunday of March at 02:00 # (GMT 23:00 on the previous day) and 1 hour backward on the last Sunday of # September at 03:00 (GMT 23:00 on the previous day). # # Act No.81 of the Council of Ministers of Latvian SSR of 1989-03-22 ... # according to the Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of USSR of 1989-03-14 # ...: since the last Sunday of March 1989 in Lithuanian SSR, Latvian SSR, # Estonian SSR and Kaliningrad region of Russian Federation all year round the # time of 2nd time zone (Moscow time minus one hour). On the territory of Latvia # transition to summer time is performed on the last Sunday of March at 02:00 # (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour forward. The end of # daylight saving time is performed on the last Sunday of September at 03:00 # (GMT 00:00), turning the hands of the clock 1 hour backward. Exception is # 1989-03-26, when we must not turn the hands of the clock.... # # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Latvia of # 1997-01-21 on transition to Summer time ... established the same order of # daylight savings time settings as in the States of the European Union. # From Andrei Ivanov (2000-03-06): # This year Latvia will not switch to Daylight Savings Time (as specified in # The Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Rep. of Latvia of # 29-Feb-2000 (#79) , # in Latvian for subscribers only). # From RFE/RL Newsline # # (2001-01-03), noted after a heads-up by Rives McDow: # The Latvian government on 2 January decided that the country will # institute daylight-saving time this spring, LETA reported. # Last February the three Baltic states decided not to turn back their # clocks one hour in the spring.... # Minister of Economy Aigars Kalvitis noted that Latvia had too few # daylight hours and thus decided to comply with a draft European # Commission directive that provides for instituting daylight-saving # time in EU countries between 2002 and 2006. The Latvian government # urged Lithuania and Estonia to adopt a similar time policy, but it # appears that they will not do so.... # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Latvia 1989 1996 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - # Milne says Riga time was 1:36:28 (Polytechnique House time). # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:28 - LMT 1880 1:36:28 - RMT 1918 Apr 15 2:00 #Riga Mean Time 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1918 Sep 16 3:00 #Latvian Summer 1:36:28 - RMT 1919 Apr 1 2:00 1:36:28 1:00 LST 1919 May 22 3:00 1:36:28 - RMT 1926 May 11 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 13 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1989 Mar lastSun 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1989 Sep lastSun 2:00s 2:00 Latvia EE%sT 1997 Jan 21 2:00 EU EE%sT 2000 Feb 29 2:00 - EET 2001 Jan 2 2:00 EU EE%sT # Liechtenstein # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-09): # Shanks & Pottenger say Vaduz is like Zurich. # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-18): # http://www.eliechtensteinensia.li/LIJ/1978/1938-1978/1941.pdf # ... confirms on p. 6 that Liechtenstein followed Switzerland in 1941 and 1942. # I ... translate only the last two paragraphs: # ... during second world war, in the years 1941 and 1942, Liechtenstein # introduced daylight saving time, adapting to Switzerland. From 1943 on # central European time was in force throughout the year. # From a report of the duke's government to the high council, # regarding the introduction of a time law, of 31 May 1977. Link Europe/Zurich Europe/Vaduz # Lithuania # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): # IATA SSIM (1992/1996) says Lithuania uses W-Eur rules, but since it is # known to be wrong about Estonia and Latvia, assume it's wrong here too. # From Marius Gedminas (1998-08-07): # I would like to inform that in this year Lithuanian time zone # (Europe/Vilnius) was changed. # From ELTA No. 972 (2582) (1999-09-29) , # via Steffen Thorsen: # Lithuania has shifted back to the second time zone (GMT plus two hours) # to be valid here starting from October 31, # as decided by the national government on Wednesday.... # The Lithuanian government also announced plans to consider a # motion to give up shifting to summer time in spring, as it was # already done by Estonia. # From the Fact File, Lithuanian State Department of Tourism # (2000-03-27): # Local time is GMT+2 hours ..., no daylight saving. # From a user via Klaus Marten (2003-02-07): # As a candidate for membership of the European Union, Lithuania will # observe Summer Time in 2003, changing its clocks at the times laid # down in EU Directive 2000/84 of 19.I.01 (i.e. at the same times as its # neighbour Latvia). The text of the Lithuanian government Order of # 7.XI.02 to this effect can be found at # http://www.lrvk.lt/nut/11/n1749.htm # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 1:24:00 - WMT 1917 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:35:36 - KMT 1919 Oct 10 # Kaunas Mean Time 1:00 - CET 1920 Jul 12 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9 1:00 - CET 1940 Aug 3 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1998 2:00 - EET 1998 Mar 29 1:00u 1:00 EU CE%sT 1999 Oct 31 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2003 Jan 1 2:00 EU EE%sT # Luxembourg # Whitman disagrees with most of these dates in minor ways; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 - Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 - Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 S Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun 1:00 Lux CE%sT 1918 Nov 25 0:00 Lux WE%sT 1929 Oct 6 2:00s 0:00 Belgium WE%sT 1940 May 14 3:00 1:00 C-Eur WE%sT 1944 Sep 18 3:00 1:00 Belgium CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Macedonia # See Europe/Belgrade. # Malta # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 - Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 - Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 - Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 0:00s # Valletta 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1942 Nov 2 2:00s 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 Italy CE%sT 1973 Mar 31 1:00 Malta CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Moldova # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # A previous version of this database followed Shanks & Pottenger, who write # that Tiraspol switched to Moscow time on 1992-01-19 at 02:00. # However, this is most likely an error, as Moldova declared independence # on 1991-08-27 (the 1992-01-19 date is that of a Russian decree). # In early 1992 there was large-scale interethnic violence in the area # and it's possible that some Russophones continued to observe Moscow time. # But [two people] separately reported via # Jesper Nørgaard that as of 2001-01-24 Tiraspol was like Chisinau. # The Tiraspol entry has therefore been removed for now. # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-17): # Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, also known as # "Pridnestrovie") has abolished seasonal clock change (no transition # to the Winter Time). # # News (in Russian): # http://www.kyivpost.ua/russia/news/pridnestrove-otkazalos-ot-perehoda-na-zimnee-vremya-30954.html # http://www.allmoldova.com/moldova-news/1249064116.html # # The substance of this change (reinstatement of the Tiraspol entry) # is from a patch from Petr Machata (2011-10-17) # # From Tim Parenti (2011-10-19) # In addition, being situated at +4651+2938 would give Tiraspol # a pre-1880 LMT offset of 1:58:32. # # (which agrees with the earlier entry that had been removed) # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-26) # NO need to divide Moldova into two timezones at this point. # As of today, Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- Tiraspol reversed its own # decision to abolish DST this winter. # Following Moldova and neighboring Ukraine- Transnistria (Pridnestrovie)- # Tiraspol will go back to winter time on October 30, 2011. # News from Moldova (in russian): # http://ru.publika.md/link_317061.html # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1880 1:55 - CMT 1918 Feb 15 # Chisinau MT 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1940 Aug 15 2:00 1:00 EEST 1941 Jul 17 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Aug 24 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 May 6 2:00 - EET 1991 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 # See Romania commentary for the guessed 1997 transition to EU rules. 2:00 EU EE%sT # Monaco # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's # more precise 0:09:21. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 0:00 France WE%sT 1945 Sep 16 3:00 1:00 France CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Montenegro # See Europe/Belgrade. # Netherlands # Howse writes that the Netherlands' railways used GMT between 1892 and 1940, # but for other purposes the Netherlands used Amsterdam mean time. # However, Robert H. van Gent writes (2001-04-01): # Howse's statement is only correct up to 1909. From 1909-05-01 (00:00:00 # Amsterdam mean time) onwards, the whole of the Netherlands (including # the Dutch railways) was required by law to observe Amsterdam mean time # (19 minutes 32.13 seconds ahead of GMT). This had already been the # common practice (except for the railways) for many decades but it was # not until 1909 when the Dutch government finally defined this by law. # On 1937-07-01 this was changed to 20 minutes (exactly) ahead of GMT and # was generally known as Dutch Time ("Nederlandse Tijd"). # # (2001-04-08): # 1892-05-01 was the date when the Dutch railways were by law required to # observe GMT while the remainder of the Netherlands adhered to the common # practice of following Amsterdam mean time. # # (2001-04-09): # In 1835 the authorities of the province of North Holland requested the # municipal authorities of the towns and cities in the province to observe # Amsterdam mean time but I do not know in how many cases this request was # actually followed. # # From 1852 onwards the Dutch telegraph offices were by law required to # observe Amsterdam mean time. As the time signals from the observatory of # Leiden were also distributed by the telegraph system, I assume that most # places linked up with the telegraph (and railway) system automatically # adopted Amsterdam mean time. # # Although the early Dutch railway companies initially observed a variety # of times, most of them had adopted Amsterdam mean time by 1858 but it # was not until 1866 when they were all required by law to observe # Amsterdam mean time. # The data before 1945 are taken from # . # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST # Netherlands Summer Time Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT # Amsterdam Mean Time Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep lastMon 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1922 1936 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun Fri>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST # From 1926 through 1939 DST began 05-15, except that it was delayed by a week # in years when 05-15 fell in the Pentecost weekend. Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST Rule Neth 1937 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Neth 1937 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Neth 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - # # Amsterdam Mean Time was +00:19:32.13 exactly, but the .13 is omitted # below because the current format requires GMTOFF to be an integer. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:32 - LMT 1835 0:19:32 Neth %s 1937 Jul 1 0:20 Neth NE%sT 1940 May 16 0:00 # Dutch Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Neth CE%sT 1977 1:00 EU CE%sT # Norway # http://met.no/met/met_lex/q_u/sommertid.html (2004-01) agrees with Shanks & # Pottenger. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 S Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 Jan 1 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1940 Aug 10 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 Apr 2 2:00 1:00 Norway CE%sT 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Svalbard & Jan Mayen # From Steffen Thorsen (2001-05-01): # Although I could not find it explicitly, it seems that Jan Mayen and # Svalbard have been using the same time as Norway at least since the # time they were declared as parts of Norway. Svalbard was declared # as a part of Norway by law of 1925-07-17 no 11, section 4 and Jan # Mayen by law of 1930-02-27 no 2, section 2. (From # and # ). The law/regulation # for normal/standard time in Norway is from 1894-06-29 no 1 (came # into operation on 1895-01-01) and Svalbard/Jan Mayen seem to be a # part of this law since 1925/1930. (From # ) I have not been # able to find if Jan Mayen used a different time zone (e.g. -0100) # before 1930. Jan Mayen has only been "inhabited" since 1921 by # Norwegian meteorologists and maybe used the same time as Norway ever # since 1921. Svalbard (Arctic/Longyearbyen) has been inhabited since # before 1895, and therefore probably changed the local time somewhere # between 1895 and 1925 (inclusive). # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-04): # # Actually, Jan Mayen was never occupied by Germany during World War II, # so it must have diverged from Oslo time during the war, as Oslo was # keeping Berlin time. # # says that the meteorologists # burned down their station in 1940 and left the island, but returned in # 1941 with a small Norwegian garrison and continued operations despite # frequent air attacks from Germans. In 1943 the Americans established a # radiolocating station on the island, called "Atlantic City". Possibly # the UT offset changed during the war, but I think it unlikely that # Jan Mayen used German daylight-saving rules. # # Svalbard is more complicated, as it was raided in August 1941 by an # Allied party that evacuated the civilian population to England (says # ). The Svalbard FAQ # says that the Germans were # expelled on 1942-05-14. However, small parties of Germans did return, # and according to Wilhelm Dege's book "War North of 80" (1954) # # the German armed forces at the Svalbard weather station code-named # Haudegen did not surrender to the Allies until September 1945. # # All these events predate our cutoff date of 1970, so use Europe/Oslo # for these regions. Link Europe/Oslo Arctic/Longyearbyen # Poland # The 1919 dates and times can be found in Tygodnik Urzędowy nr 1 (1919-03-20), # pp 1-2. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1944 Nov 30; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - # For 1944-1948 Whitman gives the previous day; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 S Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - # For 1946 on the source is Kazimierz Borkowski, # Toruń Center for Astronomy, Dept. of Radio Astronomy, Nicolaus Copernicus U., # # Thanks to Przemysław Augustyniak (2005-05-28) for this reference. # He also gives these further references: # Mon Pol nr 13, poz 162 (1995) # Druk nr 2180 (2003) Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1957 only - Jun 2 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1958 only - Mar 30 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1959 only - May 31 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1959 1961 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 - Rule Poland 1960 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1961 1964 - May lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Poland 1962 1964 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880 1:24:00 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1918 Sep 16 3:00 2:00 Poland EE%sT 1922 Jun 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1940 Jun 23 2:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 1:00 Poland CE%sT 1977 1:00 W-Eur CE%sT 1988 1:00 EU CE%sT # Portugal # # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro (1992-11-12): # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. # # Martin Bruckmann (1996-02-29) reports via Peter Ilieve # that Portugal is reverting to 0:00 by not moving its clocks this spring. # The new Prime Minister was fed up with getting up in the dark in the winter. # # From Paul Eggert (1996-11-12): # IATA SSIM (1991-09) reports several 1991-09 and 1992-09 transitions # at 02:00u, not 01:00u. Assume that these are typos. # IATA SSIM (1991/1992) reports that the Azores were at -1:00. # IATA SSIM (1993-02) says +0:00; later issues (through 1996-09) say -1:00. # Guess that the Azores changed to EU rules in 1992 (since that's when Portugal # harmonized with the EU), and that they stayed +0:00 that winter. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # DSH writes that despite Decree 1,469 (1915), the change to the clocks was not # done every year, depending on what Spain did, because of railroad schedules. # Go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1916 Oct 31; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1918 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1919 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1920 only - Feb 29 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1921 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1931 Oct 8; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1934 Oct 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 30; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1937 Apr 2; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1939 Oct 7; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 S # Shanks & Pottenger give 1940 Oct 7; go with Whitman. Rule Port 1940 1941 - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 only - Apr 25 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule Port 1942 only - Aug 15 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1942 1945 - Oct Sat>=24 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1943 only - Apr 17 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Port 1943 1945 - Aug Sat>=25 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1944 1945 - Apr Sat>=21 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Port 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1947 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - # Shanks & Pottenger say DST was observed in 1950; go with Whitman. # Whitman gives Oct lastSun for 1952 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Port 1951 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1951 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00s 0 - Rule Port 1978 1979 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - Rule Port 1979 1982 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Port 1980 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # Shanks & Pottenger say the transition from LMT to WET occurred 1911-05-24; # Willett says 1912-01-01. Go with Willett. Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # Lisbon Mean Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 1:00 - CET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 0:00 W-Eur WE%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 1:00 EU CE%sT 1996 Mar 31 1:00u 0:00 EU WE%sT Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada -1:54:32 - HMT 1911 May 24 # Horta Mean Time -2:00 Port AZO%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Azores Time -1:00 Port AZO%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s -1:00 W-Eur AZO%sT 1992 Sep 27 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT 1993 Mar 28 1:00u -1:00 EU AZO%sT Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal -1:07:36 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time -1:00 Port MAD%sT 1966 Apr 3 2:00 # Madeira Time 0:00 Port WE%sT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT # Romania # # From Paul Eggert (1999-10-07): # Nine O'clock # (1998-10-23) reports that the switch occurred at # 04:00 local time in fall 1998. For lack of better info, # assume that Romania and Moldova switched to EU rules in 1997, # the same year as Bulgaria. # # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Romania 1932 only - May 21 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1932 1939 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - Rule Romania 1933 1939 - Apr Sun>=2 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1979 only - May 27 0:00 1:00 S Rule Romania 1979 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Romania 1980 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 S Rule Romania 1980 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 S Rule Romania 1991 1993 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct 1:44:24 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1981 Mar 29 2:00s 2:00 C-Eur EE%sT 1991 2:00 Romania EE%sT 1994 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1997 2:00 EU EE%sT # Russia # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-15): # Based on last Russian Government Decree # 725 on August 31, 2011 # (Government document # http://www.government.ru/gov/results/16355/print/ # in Russian) # there are few corrections have to be made for some Russian time zones... # All updated Russian Time Zones were placed in table and translated to English # by WorldTimeZone.com at the link below: # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia36.htm # From Sanjeev Gupta (2011-09-27): # Scans of [Decree #23 of January 8, 1992] are available at: # http://government.consultant.ru/page.aspx?1223966 # They are in Cyrillic letters (presumably Russian). # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Regarding the instant when clocks in time-zone-shifting parts of Russia # changed in September 2011: # # One source is # http://government.ru/gov/results/16355/ # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Decree of August 31, # 2011 No 725" and contains no other dates or "effective date" information. # # Another source is # http://www.rg.ru/2011/09/06/chas-zona-dok.html # which, according to translate.google.com, begins "Resolution of the # Government of the Russian Federation on August 31, 2011 N 725" and also # contains "Date first official publication: September 6, 2011 Posted on: # in the 'RG' - Federal Issue number 5573 September 6, 2011" but which # does not contain any "effective date" information. # # Another source is # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oymyakonsky_District#cite_note-RuTime-7 # which, in note 8, contains "Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011... # Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" # but which does not contain any reference to September 6, 2011. # # The Wikipedia article refers to # http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=118896 # which seems to copy the text of the government.ru page. # # Tobias Conradi combines Wikipedia's # "as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication" # with www.rg.ru's "Date of first official publication: September 6, 2011" to # get September 13, 2011 as the cutover date (unusually, a Tuesday, as Tobias # Conradi notes). # # None of the sources indicates a time of day for changing clocks. # # Go with 2011-09-13 0:00s. # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-01): # According to the Russian news (ITAR-TASS News Agency) # http://en.itar-tass.com/russia/738562 # the State Duma has approved ... the draft bill on returning to # winter time standard and return Russia 11 time zones. The new # regulations will come into effect on October 26, 2014 at 02:00 ... # http://asozd2.duma.gov.ru/main.nsf/%28Spravka%29?OpenAgent&RN=431985-6&02 # Here is a link where we put together table (based on approved Bill N # 431985-6) with proposed 11 Russian time zones and corresponding # areas/cities/administrative centers in the Russian Federation (in English): # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia65.html # # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-22): # Putin signed the Federal Law 431985-6 ... (in Russian) # http://itar-tass.com/obschestvo/1333711 # http://www.pravo.gov.ru:8080/page.aspx?111660 # http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/46279 # From October 26, 2014 the new Russian time zone map will looks like this: # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-map-2014-07.html # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # Except for Moscow after 1919-07-01, I invented the time zone abbreviations. # Moscow time zone abbreviations after 1919-07-01, and Moscow rules after 1991, # are from Andrey A. Chernov. The rest is from Shanks & Pottenger, # except we follow Chernov's report that 1992 DST transitions were Sat # 23:00, not Sun 02:00s. # # From Stanislaw A. Kuzikowski (1994-06-29): # But now it is some months since Novosibirsk is 3 hours ahead of Moscow! # I do not know why they have decided to make this change; # as far as I remember it was done exactly during winter->summer switching # so we (Novosibirsk) simply did not switch. # # From Andrey A. Chernov (1996-10-04): # 'MSK' and 'MSD' were born and used initially on Moscow computers with # UNIX-like OSes by several developer groups (e.g. Demos group, Kiae group).... # The next step was the UUCP network, the Relcom predecessor # (used mainly for mail), and MSK/MSD was actively used there. # # From Chris Carrier (1996-10-30): # According to a friend of mine who rode the Trans-Siberian Railroad from # Moscow to Irkutsk in 1995, public air and rail transport in Russia ... # still follows Moscow time, no matter where in Russia it is located. # # For Grozny, Chechnya, we have the following story from # John Daniszewski, "Scavengers in the Rubble", Los Angeles Times (2001-02-07): # News - often false - is spread by word of mouth. A rumor that it was # time to move the clocks back put this whole city out of sync with # the rest of Russia for two weeks - even soldiers stationed here began # enforcing curfew at the wrong time. # # From Gwillim Law (2001-06-05): # There's considerable evidence that Sakhalin Island used to be in # UTC+11, and has changed to UTC+10, in this decade. I start with the # SSIM, which listed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in zone RU10 along with Magadan # until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok # since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are # administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have # remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist # with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions # are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative # listing. The region codes listed come from # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498 # and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their # future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level # divisions where available. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Kaliningrad covers... # 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast Zone Europe/Kaliningrad 1:22:00 - LMT 1893 Apr 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 2:00 Poland CE%sT 1946 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 3:00 - FET 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 2:00 - EET # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Europe/Moscow covers... # 01 RU-AD Adygea, Republic of # 05 RU-DA Dagestan, Republic of # 06 RU-IN Ingushetia, Republic of # 07 RU-KB Kabardino-Balkar Republic # 08 RU-KL Kalmykia, Republic of # 09 RU-KC Karachay-Cherkess Republic # 10 RU-KR Karelia, Republic of # 11 RU-KO Komi Republic # 12 RU-ME Mari El Republic # 13 RU-MO Mordovia, Republic of # 15 RU-SE North Ossetia-Alania, Republic of # 16 RU-TA Tatarstan, Republic of # 20 RU-CE Chechen Republic # 21 RU-CU Chuvash Republic # 23 RU-KDA Krasnodar Krai # 26 RU-STA Stavropol Krai # 29 RU-ARK Arkhangelsk Oblast # 31 RU-BEL Belgorod Oblast # 32 RU-BRY Bryansk Oblast # 33 RU-VLA Vladimir Oblast # 35 RU-VLG Vologda Oblast # 36 RU-VOR Voronezh Oblast # 37 RU-IVA Ivanovo Oblast # 40 RU-KLU Kaluga Oblast # 44 RU-KOS Kostroma Oblast # 46 RU-KRS Kursk Oblast # 47 RU-LEN Leningrad Oblast # 48 RU-LIP Lipetsk Oblast # 50 RU-MOS Moscow Oblast # 51 RU-MUR Murmansk Oblast # 52 RU-NIZ Nizhny Novgorod Oblast # 53 RU-NGR Novgorod Oblast # 57 RU-ORL Oryol Oblast # 58 RU-PNZ Penza Oblast # 60 RU-PSK Pskov Oblast # 61 RU-ROS Rostov Oblast # 62 RU-RYA Ryazan Oblast # 67 RU-SMO Smolensk Oblast # 68 RU-TAM Tambov Oblast # 69 RU-TVE Tver Oblast # 71 RU-TUL Tula Oblast # 73 RU-ULY Ulyanovsk Oblast # 76 RU-YAR Yaroslavl Oblast # 77 RU-MOW Moscow # 78 RU-SPE Saint Petersburg # 83 RU-NEN Nenets Autonomous Okrug # From Vladimir Karpinsky (2014-07-08): # LMT in Moscow (before Jul 3, 1916) is 2:30:17, that was defined by Moscow # Observatory (coordinates: 55 deg. 45'29.70", 37 deg. 34'05.30").... # LMT in Moscow since Jul 3, 1916 is 2:31:01 as a result of new standard. # (The info is from the book by Byalokoz E.L. New Counting of Time in Russia # since July 1, 1919, p. 18.) The time in St. Petersburg as capital of Russia # was defined by Pulkov observatory, near St. Petersburg. In 1916 LMT Moscow # was synchronized with LMT St. Petersburg (+30 minutes), (Pulkov observatory # coordinates: 59 deg. 46'18.70", 30 deg. 19'40.70") so 30 deg. 19'40.70" > # 2h01m18.7s = 2:01:19. LMT Moscow = LMT St.Petersburg + 30m 2:01:19 + 0:30 = # 2:31:19 ... # # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): # Milne does not list Moscow, but suggests that its time might be listed in # Résumés mensuels et annuels des observations météorologiques (1895). # Presumably this is OCLC 85825704, a journal published with parallel text in # Russian and French. This source has not been located; go with Karpinsky. Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:17 - LMT 1880 2:30:17 - MMT 1916 Jul 3 # Moscow Mean Time 2:31:19 Russia %s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 Russia %s 1921 Oct 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1922 Oct 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Simferopol covers... # ** **** Crimea, Republic of # ** **** Sevastopol Zone Europe/Simferopol 2:16:24 - LMT 1880 2:16 - SMT 1924 May 2 # Simferopol Mean T 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Nov 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Apr 13 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 - EET 1992 # Central Crimea used Moscow time 1994/1997. # # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): # The _Economist_ (1994-05-28, p 45) reports that central Crimea switched # from Kiev to Moscow time sometime after the January 1994 elections. # Shanks (1999) says "date of change uncertain", but implies that it happened # sometime between the 1994 DST switches. Shanks & Pottenger simply say # 1994-09-25 03:00, but that can't be right. For now, guess it # changed in May. 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1994 May # From IATA SSIM (1994/1997), which also says that Kerch is still like Kiev. 3:00 E-Eur MSK/MSD 1996 Mar 31 3:00s 3:00 1:00 MSD 1996 Oct 27 3:00s # IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Crimea switched to EET/EEST. # Assume it happened in March by not changing the clocks. 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1997 3:00 - MSK 1997 Mar lastSun 1:00u # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-03-17): # time change at 2:00 (2am) on March 30, 2014 # http://vz.ru/news/2014/3/17/677464.html # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-30): # Simferopol and Sevastopol reportedly changed their central town clocks # late the previous day, but this appears to have been ceremonial # and the discrepancies are small enough to not worry about. 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 2:00 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Europe/Volgograd covers... # 30 RU-AST Astrakhan Oblast # 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast # 43 RU-KIR Kirov Oblast # 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-09): # Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400 but Wikipedia says +0300. # Perhaps it switched after the others? But we have no data. Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3 3:00 - TSAT 1925 Apr 6 # Tsaritsyn Time 3:00 - STAT 1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time 4:00 - STAT 1961 Nov 11 4:00 Russia VOL%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T 3:00 Russia VOL%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 - VOLT 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 3:00 Russia MSK 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - MSK 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 3:00 - MSK # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Europe/Samara covers... # 18 RU-UD Udmurt Republic # 63 RU-SAM Samara Oblast Zone Europe/Samara 3:20:36 - LMT 1919 Jul 1 2:00 3:00 - SAMT 1930 Jun 21 4:00 - SAMT 1935 Jan 27 4:00 Russia KUY%sT 1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Kuybyshev 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2:00 Russia EE%sT 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 3:00 - KUYT 1991 Oct 20 3:00 4:00 Russia SAM%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s # Samara Time 3:00 Russia SAM%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 4:00 - SAMT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Yekaterinburg covers... # 02 RU-BA Bashkortostan, Republic of # 90 RU-PER Perm Krai # 45 RU-KGN Kurgan Oblast # 56 RU-ORE Orenburg Oblast # 66 RU-SVE Sverdlovsk Oblast # 72 RU-TYU Tyumen Oblast # 74 RU-CHE Chelyabinsk Oblast # 86 RU-KHM Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra # 89 RU-YAN Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug # # Note: Effective 2005-12-01, (59) Perm Oblast and (81) Komi-Permyak # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (90, RU-PER) Perm Krai. # Milne says Yekaterinburg time was 4:02:32.9; round to nearest. Zone Asia/Yekaterinburg 4:02:33 - LMT 1919 Jul 15 4:00 4:00 - SVET 1930 Jun 21 # Sverdlovsk Time 5:00 Russia SVE%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 4:00 Russia SVE%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 5:00 Russia YEK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 6:00 - YEKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 5:00 - YEKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Omsk covers... # 04 RU-AL Altai Republic # 22 RU-ALT Altai Krai # 55 RU-OMS Omsk Oblast Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1919 Nov 14 5:00 - OMST 1930 Jun 21 # Omsk Time 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 5:00 Russia OMS%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 6:00 Russia OMS%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - OMST 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - OMST # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Novosibirsk covers... # 54 RU-NVS Novosibirsk Oblast # 70 RU-TOM Tomsk Oblast # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-19): I'm guessing about Tomsk here; it's # not clear when it switched from +7 to +6. Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 14 6:00 6:00 - NOVT 1930 Jun 21 # Novosibirsk Time 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia NOV%sT 1993 May 23 # say Shanks & P. 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 6:00 - NOVT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Novokuznetsk covers... # 42 RU-KEM Kemerovo Oblast # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-10-13): # Kemerovo oblast' (Kemerovo region) in Russia will change current time zone on # March 28, 2010: # from current Russia Zone 6 - Krasnoyarsk Time Zone (KRA) UTC +0700 # to Russia Zone 5 - Novosibirsk Time Zone (NOV) UTC +0600 # # This is according to Government of Russia decree # 740, on September # 14, 2009 "Application in the territory of the Kemerovo region the Fifth # time zone." ("Russia Zone 5" or old "USSR Zone 5" is GMT +0600) # # Russian Government web site (Russian language) # http://www.government.ru/content/governmentactivity/rfgovernmentdecisions/archive/2009/09/14/991633.htm # or Russian-English translation by WorldTimeZone.com with reference # map to local region and new Russia Time Zone map after March 28, 2010 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia03.html # # Thus, when Russia will switch to DST on the night of March 28, 2010 # Kemerovo region (Kemerovo oblast') will not change the clock. # # As a result, Kemerovo oblast' will be in the same time zone as # Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk, Barnaul and Altai Republic. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # The Kemerovo region will remain at UTC+7 through the 2014-10-26 change, thus # realigning itself with KRAT. Zone Asia/Novokuznetsk 5:48:48 - NMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 6:00 Russia NOV%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s # Novosibirsk T 7:00 - NOVT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - KRAT # Krasnoyarsk Time # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Krasnoyarsk covers... # 17 RU-TY Tuva Republic # 19 RU-KK Khakassia, Republic of # 24 RU-KYA Krasnoyarsk Krai # # Note: Effective 2007-01-01, (88) Evenk Autonomous Okrug and (84) Taymyr # Autonomous Okrug were merged into (24, RU-KYA) Krasnoyarsk Krai. Zone Asia/Krasnoyarsk 6:11:20 - LMT 1920 Jan 6 6:00 - KRAT 1930 Jun 21 # Krasnoyarsk Time 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 6:00 Russia KRA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 7:00 Russia KRA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 8:00 - KRAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 7:00 - KRAT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Irkutsk covers... # 03 RU-BU Buryatia, Republic of # 38 RU-IRK Irkutsk Oblast # # Note: Effective 2008-01-01, (85) Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug was # merged into (38, RU-IRK) Irkutsk Oblast. # Milne says Irkutsk time was 6:57:15. Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:15 - LMT 1880 6:57:15 - IMT 1920 Jan 25 # Irkutsk Mean Time 7:00 - IRKT 1930 Jun 21 # Irkutsk Time 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 7:00 Russia IRK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 8:00 Russia IRK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 9:00 - IRKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - IRKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Asia/Chita covers... # 92 RU-ZAB Zabaykalsky Krai # # Note: Effective 2008-03-01, (75) Chita Oblast and (80) Agin-Buryat # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (92, RU-ZAB) Zabaykalsky Krai. Zone Asia/Chita 7:33:52 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 8:00 - IRKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Yakutsk covers... # 28 RU-AMU Amur Oblast # # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-02 **** Aldansky District # 14-04 **** Amginsky District # 14-05 **** Anabarsky District # 14-06 **** Bulunsky District # 14-07 **** Verkhnevilyuysky District # 14-10 **** Vilyuysky District # 14-11 **** Gorny District # 14-12 **** Zhigansky District # 14-13 **** Kobyaysky District # 14-14 **** Lensky District # 14-15 **** Megino-Kangalassky District # 14-16 **** Mirninsky District # 14-18 **** Namsky District # 14-19 **** Neryungrinsky District # 14-21 **** Nyurbinsky District # 14-23 **** Olenyoksky District # 14-24 **** Olyokminsky District # 14-26 **** Suntarsky District # 14-27 **** Tattinsky District # 14-29 **** Ust-Aldansky District # 14-32 **** Khangalassky District # 14-33 **** Churapchinsky District # 14-34 **** Eveno-Bytantaysky National District # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Our commentary seems to have lost mention of (14-19) Neryungrinsky District. # Since the surrounding districts of Sakha are all YAKT, assume this is, too. # Also assume its history has been the same as the rest of Asia/Yakutsk. Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - YAKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Vladivostok covers... # 25 RU-PRI Primorsky Krai # 27 RU-KHA Khabarovsk Krai # 79 RU-YEV Jewish Autonomous Oblast # # ...and parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-09 **** Verkhoyansky District # 14-31 **** Ust-Yansky District # Milne says Vladivostok time was 8:47:33.5; round to nearest. Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:34 - LMT 1922 Nov 15 9:00 - VLAT 1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 9:00 Russia VLA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - VLAT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Khandyga covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-28 **** Tomponsky District # 14-30 **** Ust-Maysky District # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time # in 2011. # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25): # Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time. # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004. # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info. Zone Asia/Khandyga 9:02:13 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 8:00 Russia YAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 9:00 Russia YAK%sT 2004 10:00 Russia VLA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - VLAT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 10:00 - YAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 9:00 - YAKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Sakhalin covers... # 65 RU-SAK Sakhalin Oblast # ...with the exception of: # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) # The Zone name should be Asia/Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, but that's too long. Zone Asia/Sakhalin 9:30:48 - LMT 1905 Aug 23 9:00 - JCST 1937 Oct 1 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 25 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s # Sakhalin T. 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia SAK%sT 1997 Mar lastSun 2:00s 10:00 Russia SAK%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 11:00 - SAKT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - SAKT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29): # Asia/Magadan covers... # 49 RU-MAG Magadan Oblast # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # Magadan Oblast is moving from UTC+12 to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26; however, # several districts of Sakha Republic as well as Severo-Kurilsky District of # the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands), represented # until now by Asia/Magadan, will instead move to UTC+11. These regions will # need their own zone. Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - MAGT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Asia/Srednekolymsk covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-01 **** Abyysky District # 14-03 **** Allaikhovsky District # 14-08 **** Verkhnekolymsky District # 14-17 **** Momsky District # 14-20 **** Nizhnekolymsky District # 14-25 **** Srednekolymsky District # # ...and parts of (65, RU-SAK) Sakhalin Oblast: # 65-11 **** Severo-Kurilsky District (North Kuril Islands) # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-02): # Oymyakonsky District of Sakha Republic (represented by Ust-Nera), along with # most of Sakhalin Oblast (represented by Sakhalin) will be moving to UTC+10 on # 2014-10-26 to stay aligned with VLAT/SAKT; however, Severo-Kurilsky District # of the Sakhalin Oblast (also known as the North Kuril Islands, represented by # Severo-Kurilsk) will remain on UTC+11. # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06): # Assume North Kuril Islands have history like Magadan before 2011-03-27. # There is a decent chance this is wrong, in which case a new zone # Asia/Severo-Kurilsk would become necessary. # # Srednekolymsk and Zyryanka are the most populous places amongst these # districts, but have very similar populations. In fact, Wikipedia currently # lists them both as having 3528 people, exactly 1668 males and 1860 females # each! (Yikes!) # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Srednekolymsky_District&oldid=603435276 # http://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Verkhnekolymsky_District&oldid=594378493 # Assume this is a mistake, albeit an amusing one. # # Looking at censuses, the populations of the two municipalities seem to have # fluctuated recently. Zyryanka was more populous than Srednekolymsk in the # 1989 and 2002 censuses, but Srednekolymsk was more populous in the most # recent (2010) census, 3525 to 3170. (See pages 195 and 197 of # http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-05.pdf # in Russian.) In addition, Srednekolymsk appears to be a much older # settlement and the population of Zyryanka seems to be declining. # Go with Srednekolymsk. # # Since Magadan Oblast moves to UTC+10 on 2014-10-26, we cannot keep using MAGT # as the abbreviation. Use SRET instead. Zone Asia/Srednekolymsk 10:14:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 10:00 - MAGT 1930 Jun 21 # Magadan Time 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 11:00 - SRET # Srednekolymsk Time # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Ust-Nera covers parts of (14, RU-SA) Sakha (Yakutia) Republic: # 14-22 **** Oymyakonsky District # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09): # Ojmyakonskij [and the Kuril Islands] switched from # Magadan time to Vladivostok time in 2011. # # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06), per Alexander Krivenyshev (2014-07-02): # It's unlikely that any of the Kuril Islands were involved in such a switch, # as the South and Middle Kurils have been on UTC+11 (SAKT) with the rest of # Sakhalin Oblast since at least 2011-09, and the North Kurils have been on # UTC+12 since at least then, too. Zone Asia/Ust-Nera 9:32:54 - LMT 1919 Dec 15 8:00 - YAKT 1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time 9:00 Russia YAKT 1981 Apr 1 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 10:00 Russia MAG%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 11:00 Russia MAG%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - MAGT 2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725? 11:00 - VLAT 2014 Oct 26 2:00s 10:00 - VLAT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03), per Oscar van Vlijmen (2001-08-25): # Asia/Kamchatka covers... # 91 RU-KAM Kamchatka Krai # # Note: Effective 2007-07-01, (41) Kamchatka Oblast and (82) Koryak # Autonomous Okrug merged to form (91, RU-KAM) Kamchatka Krai. # The Zone name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski or perhaps # Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, but these are too long. Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1922 Nov 10 11:00 - PETT 1930 Jun 21 # P-K Time 12:00 Russia PET%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia PET%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia PET%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - PETT # From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03): # Asia/Anadyr covers... # 87 RU-CHU Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 12:00 - ANAT 1930 Jun 21 # Anadyr Time 13:00 Russia ANA%sT 1982 Apr 1 0:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 12:00 Russia ANA%sT 2010 Mar 28 2:00s 11:00 Russia ANA%sT 2011 Mar 27 2:00s 12:00 - ANAT # San Marino # See Europe/Rome. # Serbia # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 1:00 - CET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1945 1:00 - CET 1945 May 8 2:00s 1:00 1:00 CEST 1945 Sep 16 2:00s # Metod Koželj reports that the legal date of # transition to EU rules was 1982-11-27, for all of Yugoslavia at the time. # Shanks & Pottenger don't give as much detail, so go with Koželj. 1:00 - CET 1982 Nov 27 1:00 EU CE%sT Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Ljubljana # Slovenia Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Podgorica # Montenegro Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Sarajevo # Bosnia and Herzegovina Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Skopje # Macedonia Link Europe/Belgrade Europe/Zagreb # Croatia # Slovakia Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava # Slovenia # See Europe/Belgrade. # Spain # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # For 1917-1919 Whitman gives Apr Sat>=1 - Oct Sat>=1; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1921 Feb 28 - Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1924 Oct 14; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman says no DST in 1929; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman gives 1937 Jun 16, 1938 Apr 16, 1940 Apr 13; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 S # Whitman says no DST 1942-1945; go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 M # Midsummer Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 M Rule Spain 1943 only - Oct 3 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1944 only - Oct 10 22:00s 1:00 S Rule Spain 1945 only - Sep 30 1:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1946 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - Rule Spain 1949 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1949 only - Sep 30 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1976 only - Mar 27 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1976 1977 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - Rule Spain 1977 1978 - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 S Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - # The following rules are copied from Morocco from 1967 through 1978. Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule SpainAfrica 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Madrid -0:14:44 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 0:00s 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 Spain CE%sT 1979 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1901 0:00 - WET 1918 May 6 23:00 0:00 1:00 WEST 1918 Oct 7 23:00 0:00 - WET 1924 0:00 Spain WE%sT 1929 0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 1:00 - CET 1986 1:00 EU CE%sT Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. -1:00 - CANT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 # Canaries Time 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s 0:00 1:00 WEST 1980 Sep 28 0:00s 0:00 EU WE%sT # IATA SSIM (1996-09) says the Canaries switch at 2:00u, not 1:00u. # Ignore this for now, as the Canaries are part of the EU. # Sweden # From Ivan Nilsson (2001-04-13), superseding Shanks & Pottenger: # # The law "Svensk författningssamling 1878, no 14" about standard time in 1879: # From the beginning of 1879 (that is 01-01 00:00) the time for all # places in the country is "the mean solar time for the meridian at # three degrees, or twelve minutes of time, to the west of the # meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated 1878-05-31. # # The observatory at that time had the meridian 18 degrees 03' 30" # eastern longitude = 01:12:14 in time. Less 12 minutes gives the # national standard time as 01:00:14 ahead of GMT.... # # About the beginning of CET in Sweden. The lawtext ("Svensk # författningssamling 1899, no 44") states, that "from the beginning # of 1900... ... the same as the mean solar time for the meridian at # the distance of one hour of time from the meridian of the English # observatory at Greenwich, or at 12 minutes 14 seconds to the west # from the meridian of the Observatory of Stockholm". The law is dated # 1899-06-16. In short: At 1900-01-01 00:00:00 the new standard time # in Sweden is 01:00:00 ahead of GMT. # # 1916: The lawtext ("Svensk författningssamling 1916, no 124") states # that "1916-05-15 is considered to begin one hour earlier". It is # pretty obvious that at 05-14 23:00 the clocks are set to 05-15 00:00.... # Further the law says, that "1916-09-30 is considered to end one hour later". # # The laws regulating [DST] are available on the site of the Swedish # Parliament beginning with 1985 - the laws regulating 1980/1984 are # not available on the site (to my knowledge they are only available # in Swedish): (type # "sommartid" without the quotes in the field "Fritext" and then click # the Sök-button). # # (2001-05-13): # # I have now found a newspaper stating that at 1916-10-01 01:00 # summertime the church-clocks etc were set back one hour to show # 1916-10-01 00:00 standard time. The article also reports that some # people thought the switch to standard time would take place already # at 1916-10-01 00:00 summer time, but they had to wait for another # hour before the event took place. # # Source: The newspaper "Dagens Nyheter", 1916-10-01, page 7 upper left. # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1879 Jan 1 1:00:14 - SET 1900 Jan 1 # Swedish Time 1:00 - CET 1916 May 14 23:00 1:00 1:00 CEST 1916 Oct 1 01:00 1:00 - CET 1980 1:00 EU CE%sT # Switzerland # From Howse: # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep # mean time in preference to apparent time - Geneva from 1780 .... # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S # From Whitman (who writes "Midnight?"): # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1940 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 - # From Shanks & Pottenger: # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - # From Alois Treindl (2008-12-17): # I have researched the DST usage in Switzerland during the 1940ies. # # As I wrote in an earlier message, I suspected the current tzdata values # to be wrong. This is now verified. # # I have found copies of the original ruling by the Swiss Federal # government, in 'Eidgenössische Gesetzessammlung 1941 and 1942' (Swiss # federal law collection)... # # DST began on Monday 5 May 1941, 1:00 am by shifting the clocks to 2:00 am # DST ended on Monday 6 Oct 1941, 2:00 am by shifting the clocks to 1:00 am. # # DST began on Monday, 4 May 1942 at 01:00 am # DST ended on Monday, 5 Oct 1942 at 02:00 am # # There was no DST in 1940, I have checked the law collection carefully. # It is also indicated by the fact that the 1942 entry in the law # collection points back to 1941 as a reference, but no reference to any # other years are made. # # Newspaper articles I have read in the archives on 6 May 1941 reported # about the introduction of DST (Sommerzeit in German) during the previous # night as an absolute novelty, because this was the first time that such # a thing had happened in Switzerland. # # I have also checked 1916, because one book source (Gabriel, Traité de # l'heure dans le monde) claims that Switzerland had DST in 1916. This is # false, no official document could be found. Probably Gabriel got misled # by references to Germany, which introduced DST in 1916 for the first time. # # The tzdata rules for Switzerland must be changed to: # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S # Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - # # The 1940 rules must be deleted. # # One further detail for Switzerland, which is probably out of scope for # most users of tzdata: The [Europe/Zurich zone] ... # describes all of Switzerland correctly, with the exception of # the Canton de Genève (Geneva, Genf). Between 1848 and 1894 Geneva did not # follow Bern Mean Time but kept its own local mean time. # To represent this, an extra zone would be needed. # # From Alois Treindl (2013-09-11): # The Federal regulations say # http://www.admin.ch/opc/de/classified-compilation/20071096/index.html # ... the meridian for Bern mean time ... is 7 degrees 26' 22.50". # Expressed in time, it is 0h29m45.5s. # From Pierre-Yves Berger (2013-09-11): # the "Circulaire du conseil fédéral" (December 11 1893) # ... # clearly states that the [1894-06-01] change should be done at midnight # but if no one is present after 11 at night, could be postponed until one # hour before the beginning of service. # From Paul Eggert (2013-09-11): # Round BMT to the nearest even second, 0:29:46. # # We can find no reliable source for Shanks's assertion that all of Switzerland # except Geneva switched to Bern Mean Time at 00:00 on 1848-09-12. This book: # # Jakob Messerli. Gleichmässig, pünktlich, schnell. Zeiteinteilung und # Zeitgebrauch in der Schweiz im 19. Jahrhundert. Chronos, Zurich 1995, # ISBN 3-905311-68-2, OCLC 717570797. # # suggests that the transition was more gradual, and that the Swiss did not # agree about civil time during the transition. The timekeeping it gives the # most detail for is postal and telegraph time: here, federal legislation (the # "Bundesgesetz über die Erstellung von elektrischen Telegraphen") passed on # 1851-11-23, and an official implementation notice was published 1853-07-16 # (Bundesblatt 1853, Bd. II, S. 859). On p 72 Messerli writes that in # practice since July 1853 Bernese time was used in "all postal and telegraph # offices in Switzerland from Geneva to St. Gallen and Basel to Chiasso" # (Google translation). For now, model this transition as occurring on # 1853-07-16, though it probably occurred at some other date in Zurich, and # legal civil time probably changed at still some other transition date. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Mon>=1 1:00 1:00 S Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Mon>=1 2:00 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1853 Jul 16 # See above comment. 0:29:46 - BMT 1894 Jun # Bern Mean Time 1:00 Swiss CE%sT 1981 1:00 EU CE%sT # Turkey # From Amar Devegowda (2007-01-03): # The time zone rules for Istanbul, Turkey have not been changed for years now. # ... The latest rules are available at: # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/timezone.html?n=107 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-01-03): # I have been able to find press records back to 1996 which all say that # DST started 01:00 local time and end at 02:00 local time. I am not sure # what happened before that. One example for each year from 1996 to 2001: # http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/arsiv/1996/21/N4.htm # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING97/03/97X03X25.TXT # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING98/03/98X03X02.HTM # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING99/10/99X10X26.HTM#%2016 # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2000/03/00X03X06.HTM#%2021 # http://www.byegm.gov.tr/YAYINLARIMIZ/CHR/ING2001/03/23x03x01.HTM#%2027 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-03): # Prefer the above source to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1990. # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-09): # Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC # start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07): # http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp # The official document is located here - it is in Turkish...: # http://rega.basbakanlik.gov.tr/eskiler/2007/03/20070307-7.htm # I was able to locate the following seemingly official document # (on a non-government server though) describing dates between 2002 and 2006: # http://www.alomaliye.com/bkk_2002_3769.htm # From Gökdeniz Karadağ (2011-03-10): # According to the articles linked below, Turkey will change into summer # time zone (GMT+3) on March 28, 2011 at 3:00 a.m. instead of March 27. # This change is due to a nationwide exam on 27th. # http://www.worldbulletin.net/?aType=haber&ArticleID=70872 # Turkish: # http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/17230464.asp?gid=373 # From Faruk Pasin (2014-02-14): # The DST for Turkey has been changed for this year because of the # Turkish Local election.... # http://www.sabah.com.tr/Ekonomi/2014/02/12/yaz-saatinde-onemli-degisiklik # ... so Turkey will move clocks forward one hour on March 31 at 3:00 a.m. # From Randal L. Schwartz (2014-04-15): # Having landed on a flight from the states to Istanbul (via AMS) on March 31, # I can tell you that NOBODY (even the airlines) respected this timezone DST # change delay. Maybe the word just didn't get out in time. # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-15): # The press reported massive confusion, as election officials obeyed the rule # change but cell phones (and airline baggage systems) did not. See: # Kostidis M. Eventful elections in Turkey. Balkan News Agency # http://www.balkaneu.com/eventful-elections-turkey/ 2014-03-30. # I guess the best we can do is document the official time. # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - # Whitman gives 1923 Apr 28 - Sep 16 and no DST in 1924-1925; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Jun 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1940 only - Oct 5 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S # Whitman omits the next two transition and gives 1945 Oct 1; # go with Shanks & Pottenger. Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1946 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1947 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1949 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1951 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1951 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1962 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1962 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1964 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1964 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - May Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1973 only - Jun 3 1:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1973 only - Nov 4 3:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1974 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1974 only - Nov 3 5:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1975 1976 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1976 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1977 only - Oct 16 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1979 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 3:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1979 1982 - Oct Mon>=11 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 3:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1986 1990 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1991 2006 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 S Rule Turkey 1991 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - Rule Turkey 1996 2006 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 - # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880 1:56:56 - IMT 1910 Oct # Istanbul Mean Time? 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 1978 Oct 15 3:00 Turkey TR%sT 1985 Apr 20 # Turkey Time 2:00 Turkey EE%sT 2007 2:00 EU EE%sT 2011 Mar 27 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2011 Mar 28 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT 2014 Mar 30 1:00u 2:00 - EET 2014 Mar 31 1:00u 2:00 EU EE%sT Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. # Ukraine # # From Igor Karpov, who works for the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice, # via Garrett Wollman (2003-01-27): # BTW, I've found the official document on this matter. It's government # regulations number 509, May 13, 1996. In my poor translation it says: # "Time in Ukraine is set to second timezone (Kiev time). Each last Sunday # of March at 3am the time is changing to 4am and each last Sunday of # October the time at 4am is changing to 3am" # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-09-20): # On September 20, 2011 the deputies of the Verkhovna Rada agreed to # abolish the transfer clock to winter time. # # Bill number 8330 of MP from the Party of Regions Oleg Nadoshi got # approval from 266 deputies. # # Ukraine abolishes transfer back to the winter time (in Russian) # http://news.mail.ru/politics/6861560/ # # The Ukrainians will no longer change the clock (in Russian) # http://www.segodnya.ua/news/14290482.html # # Deputies cancelled the winter time (in Russian) # http://www.pravda.com.ua/rus/news/2011/09/20/6600616/ # # From Philip Pizzey (2011-10-18): # Today my Ukrainian colleagues have informed me that the # Ukrainian parliament have decided that they will go to winter # time this year after all. # # From Udo Schwedt (2011-10-18): # As far as I understand, the recent change to the Ukrainian time zone # (Europe/Kiev) to introduce permanent daylight saving time (similar # to Russia) was reverted today: # http://portal.rada.gov.ua/rada/control/en/publish/article/info_left?art_id=287324&cat_id=105995 # # Also reported by Alexander Bokovoy (2011-10-18) who also noted: # The law documents themselves are at # http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb_n/webproc4_1?id=&pf3511=41484 # From Vladimir in Moscow via Alois Treindl re Kiev time 1991/2 (2014-02-28): # First in Ukraine they changed Time zone from UTC+3 to UTC+2 with DST: # 03 25 1990 02:00 -03.00 1 Time Zone 3 with DST # 07 01 1990 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 18.06.1990, No. 134. # http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/T001500.html # # They did not end DST in September, 1990 (according to the law, # "summer time" was still in action): # 09 30 1990 03:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 21.09.1990, No. 272. # http://search.ligazakon.ua/l_doc2.nsf/link1/KP900272.html # # Again no change in March, 1991 ("summer time" in action): # 03 31 1991 02:00 -02.00 1 Time Zone 2 with DST # # DST ended in September 1991 ("summer time" ended): # 09 29 1991 03:00 -02.00 0 Time Zone 2, no DST # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 25.09.1991, No. 225. # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_21/pg_iwgdoc.htm # This is an answer. # # Since 1992 they had normal DST procedure: # 03 29 1992 02:00 -02.00 1 DST started # 09 27 1992 03:00 -02.00 0 DST ended # * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139. # http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] # Most of Ukraine since 1970 has been like Kiev. # "Kyiv" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but # "Kiev" is more common in English. Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 Jul 1 2:00 2:00 1:00 EEST 1991 Sep 29 3:00 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Ruthenia used CET 1990/1991. # "Uzhhorod" is the transliteration of the Rusyn/Ukrainian pronunciation, but # "Uzhgorod" is more common in English. Zone Europe/Uzhgorod 1:29:12 - LMT 1890 Oct 1:00 - CET 1940 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1944 Oct 1:00 1:00 CEST 1944 Oct 26 1:00 - CET 1945 Jun 29 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1990 3:00 - MSK 1990 Jul 1 2:00 1:00 - CET 1991 Mar 31 3:00 2:00 - EET 1992 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Zaporozh'ye and eastern Lugansk oblasts observed DST 1990/1991. # "Zaporizhia" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but # "Zaporozh'ye" is more common in English. Use the common English # spelling, except omit the apostrophe as it is not allowed in # portable Posix file names. Zone Europe/Zaporozhye 2:20:40 - LMT 1880 2:20 - CUT 1924 May 2 # Central Ukraine T 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 3:00 - MSK 1941 Aug 25 1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Oct 25 3:00 Russia MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00 2:00 E-Eur EE%sT 1995 2:00 EU EE%sT # Vatican City # See Europe/Rome. ############################################################################### # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from # the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986. # The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else. # # According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but # uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules. # Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at # 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey # switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time # and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST) # ... # Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100 # From: Tom Hofmann # ... # # ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when # most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only # a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according # to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on # 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following # years... # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep # lastSun' in 1981 - I don't know how they handle now. # # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the # Soviet Union (as far as I know). # # Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, # 4002 Basle, Switzerland # ... # ... # Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100 # From: Dik T. Winter # ... # # The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct. # After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information # about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969. # # ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on # first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September... # In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that # the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982 # the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in # the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch # dates... # # It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g. # Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST... # Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not # all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations # occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always # assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the # case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours # in advance of normal time. # # ... # dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland # ... # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): # ... # Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates). # Since 1978. Change at midnight. # ... # Monaco: has same DST as France. # ... @