head 1.2; access; symbols netbsd-5-2-3-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-1-5-RELEASE:1.2 riastradh-xf86-video-intel-2-7-1-pre-2-21-15:1.2 riastradh-drm2-base:1.2 netbsd-5-2-2-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-1-4-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-2-1-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-1-3-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-2:1.2.0.8 netbsd-5-2-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-2-RC1:1.2 netbsd-5-1-2-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-1-1-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-1:1.2.0.6 netbsd-5-1-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-1-RC4:1.2 netbsd-5-1-RC3:1.2 netbsd-5-1-RC2:1.2 netbsd-5-1-RC1:1.2 netbsd-5-0-2-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-0-1-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-0:1.2.0.4 netbsd-5-0-RELEASE:1.2 netbsd-5-0-RC4:1.2 netbsd-5-0-RC3:1.2 netbsd-5-0-RC2:1.2 netbsd-5-0-RC1:1.2 netbsd-5:1.2.0.2 netbsd-5-base:1.2 netbsd-2-0-3-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-1:1.1.1.2.0.8 netbsd-2-1-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-1-RC6:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-1-RC5:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-1-RC4:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-1-RC3:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-1-RC2:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-1-RC1:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0-2-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0-1-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2:1.1.1.2.0.6 netbsd-2-base:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0-RC5:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0-RC4:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0-RC3:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0-RC2:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0-RC1:1.1.1.2 netbsd-2-0:1.1.1.2.0.4 netbsd-2-0-base:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6-PATCH002-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6-PATCH002:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6-PATCH002-RC4:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6-PATCH002-RC3:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6-PATCH002-RC2:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6-PATCH002-RC1:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6:1.1.1.2.0.2 netbsd-1-6-base:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6-PATCH001:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-6-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-5-PATCH003:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-5-PATCH002:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-5-PATCH001:1.1.1.2 xf-3_3-branch-2001-03-05:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-5-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-4-PATCH003:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-4-PATCH002:1.1.1.2 v3-3-6:1.1.1.2 comdex-fall-1999:1.1.1.2 v3-3-5:1.1.1.2 v3-3-4:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-4-PATCH001:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-4-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 v3-3-3-1:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-3-PATCH003:1.1.1.2 v3-3-3:1.1.1.2 pre-xf86-3-3-3-import:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-3-PATCH002:1.1.1.2 v3-3-2:1.1.1.2 netbsd-1-3-RELEASE:1.1.1.2 v3-3-1:1.1.1.2 v3-3:1.1.1.2 v3-2:1.1.1.1 XF86:1.1.1; locks; strict; comment @# @; 1.2 date 2005.01.07.18.51.35; author tron; state dead; branches; next 1.1; 1.1 date 97.03.15.06.08.21; author scottr; state Exp; branches 1.1.1.1; next ; 1.1.1.1 date 97.03.15.06.08.21; author scottr; state Exp; branches; next 1.1.1.2; 1.1.1.2 date 97.06.30.12.31.55; author mrg; state Exp; branches; next ; desc @@ 1.2 log @EOL of XFree86 3.3.6, approved by core@@NetBSD.org @ text @ X Window System, Version 11, Release 6.1 Release Notes Stephen Gildea X Consortium March 5, 1996 Copyright (C) 1996 X Consortium Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Soft- ware"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following condi- tions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABIL- ITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE X CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABIL- ITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. Except as contained in this notice, the name of the X Consortium shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization from the X Consortium. X Window System is a trademark of X Consortium, Inc. 1. What Is Release 6.1 This is the X Consortium implementation of the X Window System. X is a vendor-neutral, system-architecture neutral network-transparent window system and user interface standard. X runs on a wide range of computing and graphics machines. For an overview of X, see the X manual page. R6.1 is an update to R6. It is compatible with R6 at the source and protocol levels in all respects, and binaries are upward-compatible. The X Consortium is an independent, not-for-profit corporation. See the XConsortium manual page for details. See xc/INSTALL.PS (PostScript) or xc/INSTALL.TXT (plain text) for instructions on how to build and install this software. 1.1. Overview of the X Consortium Release The X Consortium software and documentation in Release 6.1 is in direc- tory xc/ and contains the following: X Consortium Standards The X Consortium produces standards: documents which define net- work protocols, programming interfaces, and other aspects of the X environment. See the XStandards manual page for a list of stan- dards. Implementations For most of our standards, we provide high-quality implementations to demonstrate proof of concept and to give early adoptors and ven- dors a base to use. These are not reference implementations; the written specifications define the standards. Fonts A collection of bitmap and outline fonts are included in the dis- tribution, contributed by various individuals and companies. Utility Libraries A number of libraries, such as Xmu and the Athena Widget Set, are included. These are not standards, but are used in building X Con- sortium applications and may be useful in building other applica- tions. Programs We also provide a number of application programs. A few of these programs, such as xdm, should be considered essential in almost all environments. The rest of the applications carry no special sta- tus; they are simply programs that have been developed and/or main- tained by X Consortium staff. In some cases, you will find better substitutes for these programs contributed by others. 1.2. Supported Systems We built and tested this release on the following systems: AIX 4.1.4 HP-UX 10.01 IRIX 5.3 IRIX 6.2 beta DEC OSF/1 3.2 Digital Unix 4.0 beta FreeBSD 2.1.0R Linux 1.2.11 (Slackware 2.3) SCO 3.2 SunOS 4.1.3 SunOS 5.4 (Sparc and x86) UNIX System V/386 Release 4.2 (Novell UnixWare) Version 2.02 UNIX System V/386/486 Release 4.0 (NCR) Version 3.0 Ultrix 4.4 Microsoft Windows NT 3.5 In addition, Cray has tested the beta release on UNICOS 8.0. In all cases we have used the vendor's compiler. On the two SunOS releases we also test with gcc. 1.2.1. Supported Display Devices This release includes the necessary device-dependent support for an X server on the following platforms and devices: AIX with Skyway display adaptor HP-UX DEC OSF/1 on Alpha AXP with PMAG-B frame buffer Ultrix Various Intel-based platforms: See the XF86_* manual pages. Sun SPARCstations: See the Xsun(1) manual page for supported frame buffers. 1.3. The XC Tree The general layout under xc/ is as follows: config/ config files, imake, makedepend, build utilities doc/ all documentation other than per-program manual pages fonts/ BDF, Speedo, Type1 fonts include/ include files shared by multiple directories lib/ all libraries nls/ national language support files programs/ all programs, including the X server and rgb test/ X Test Suite and other test suites util/ patch, compress, other utilities bug-report bug reporting template registry X Registry This file is xc/RELNOTES.*, in various formats. The documentation source files RELNOTES.ms and INSTALL.ms are in the new xc/doc/misc/ directory. 1.4. X Registry The X Consortium maintains a registry of certain X-related items to aid in avoiding conflicts and to aid in sharing of such items. The registry is in the file xc/registry in the distribution. The latest version is also available by sending a message to xstuff@@x.org. The message can have a subject line and no body, or a single-line body and no subject; in either case the line should look like this: send docs registry 1.5. Extensions supported The core distribution includes the following extensions: BIG-REQUESTS, DOUBLE-BUFFER, MIT-SHM, MIT-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD, Multi-Buffering, RECORD, SHAPE, SYNC, X3D-PEX, XC-MISC, XFree86-VidModeExtension, XIE, XInputEx- tension, XKEYBOARD, XTEST, and XTestExtension1. Not all of these extensions are standards; see the XStandards manual page. 1.6. Implementation Parameters Some of the specifications define some behavior as implementation-depen- dent. Implementations of X Consortium standards need to document how those parameters are implemented; this section does so. XFILESEARCHPATH default This default can be set at build time by setting the imake vari- ables XFileSearchPathDefault, XAppLoadDir, XFileSearchPathBase, and ProjectRoot in site.def. See xc/config/cf/Project.tmpl for how they are used. By default ProjectRoot is /usr/X11R6.1 and XFILESEARCHPATH has these components: /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/%L/%T/%N%C%S /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/%l/%T/%N%C%S /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/%T/%N%C%S /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/%L/%T/%N%S /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/%l/%T/%N%S /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/%T/%N%S XUSERFILESEARCHPATH default If the environment variable XAPPLRESDIR is defined, the default value of XUSERFILESEARCHPATH has the following components: $XAPPLRESDIR/%L/%N%C $XAPPLRESDIR/%l/%N%C $XAPPLRESDIR/%N%C $HOME/%N%C $XAPPLRESDIR/%L/%N $XAPPLRESDIR/%l/%N $XAPPLRESDIR/%N $HOME/%N Otherwise it has these components: $HOME/%L/%N%C $HOME/%l/%N%C $HOME/%N%C $HOME/%L/%N $HOME/%l/%N $HOME/%N XKEYSYMDB default Defaults to /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/XKeysymDB, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.1. XCMSDB default Defaults to /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/Xcms.txt, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.1. XLOCALEDIR default Defaults to the directory /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/locale, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.1. The XLOCALEDIR variable can contain multiple colon-separate pathnames. XErrorDB location The Xlib error database file is /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/XErrorDB, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.1. XtErrorDB location The Xt error database file is /usr/X11R6.1/lib/X11/XtErrorDB, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.1. Supported Locales X locales supported are in locale.dir; the mapping between various system locale names and X locale names is in locale.alias. Both files are in the xc/nls/X11/locale/ directory. Input Methods supported The core distribution does not include any input method servers. However, Xlib supplies a default built-in input method that sup- ports compose processing in 8-bit locales. Compose files are pro- vided for Latin-1 and Latin-2. The built-in input method can sup- port other locales, given suitable compose files. See xc/nls/X11/locale/Compose/iso8859-* for the supported compositions. There are input method servers in the contrib software. 2. What is Unchanged in Release 6.1 As this is an update release, there is a great deal of stability in the standards, libraries, and clients. No existing standards have changed in a material way, though several documents have been updated with edi- torial improvements. Most of the libraries have no new interfaces. 3. What Is New in Release 6.1 This section describes changes in the X Consortium distribution since Release 6. All libraries, protocols, and servers are compatible with Release 6. That is, R6 clients and applications will work with R6.1 libraries and servers and vice versa. The major new functionality in R6.1 is the X Keyboard extension, double buffering for smooth animation, and protocol recording. 3.1. OS Support The following platforms now have a newer operating system version sup- ported: System R6 R6.1 AIX 3.2.5 4.1.4 DEC OSF/1 1.0 and 1.3 3.2 and 4.0 (now called Digital Unix 4.0) FreeBSD 1.1 2.1 HP-UX 9.1 10.01 IRIX 5.2 5.3 and 6.2 Linux 1.0.0 1.2.11 NCR SVR4 MP-RAS Version 3.0 NEWS-OS 6.0 6.1 SunOS 5 5.3 5.4 Ultrix 4.3 4.4 UnixWare 1 2.02 Windows NT 3.1 3.5 Release 6.1 adds support for SCO Open Server Release 5.0. Release 6.1 does not support the following platforms supported in Release 6: A/UX, Mach (from Omron), Unix System V/860 (from Oki), and BSD/OS. 3.2. New Standards The following are new X Consortium standards in Release 6.1. Each is described in its own section below. XKEYBOARD (XKB) RECORD DOUBLE-BUFFER (DBE) ICE X Rendevous 3.3. DBE The Double Buffer Extension (DBE) provides a standard way to utilize double-buffering, allowing flicker-free animation. The older Multi-Buffering extension is not linked in to the X server by default. It will move to unsupported status at the next release. 3.4. XKB An early version of the X Keyboard extension (XKB) was shipped as a work in progress in R6. In R6.1 it is now complete. XKB provides detailed keyboard descriptions and enhanced keyboard func- tionality, including support for the ISO 9995 keyboard model. With XKB are several new core clients, xkbcomp, xkbevd, xkbprint, each in their own directory under xc/programs, and xkbbell, xkbvleds, and xkbwatch, in xc/programs/xkbutils. 3.5. RECORD An early version of the RECORD extension was shipped as a work in progress in R6. It is now complete. RECORD is an X protocol extension that supports the recording of all core X protocol and arbitrary X extension protocol. Documentation of RECORD is in xc/doc/specs/Xext/record*.ms and xc/doc/hardcopy/Xext/record*.PS.Z. A thorough test program is in xc/test/record/. 3.6. VidMode This extension allows interactively adjusting graphics frame buffer parameters on PC-based (primarily Intel) hardware. It is not a Consor- tium standard. 3.7. ICE X Rendezvous The Inter-Client Exchange protocol (ICE), which became a standard in X11R6, specifies a generic communication framework for data exchange between arbitrary clients. The ICE protocol itself does not specify the manner in which two clients interested in communicating via ICE are made aware of each other's existence. The ICE X Rendezvous protocol is one standard protocol by which two clients who have connections to a common X server can rendezvous. This new protocol is included in the ICE Protocol Specification document. 3.8. Configuration The top-level Makefile is no longer over-ridden by the first build. Instead a new file xmakefile is created. Thus is it no longer necessary to copy Makefile.ini to Makefile to reset the builds. In R6, it was only necessary to supply BOOTSTRAPCFLAGS on the command line of the first make World on platforms that needed it. As of R6.1, this flag must always be passed in the make World command. However, Solaris 2 and USL systems no longer require BOOTSTRAPCFLAGS. The file xc/config/cf/README has been greatly expanded. It now provides more guidance on how to write an Imakefile, including a list of vari- ables that may be set in an Imakefile. A must read for Imakefile authors. The X configuration now supports Atria's clearmake, which allows sharing of object files when using ClearCase. The LaTeX text processor is now supported. If you have LaTeX on your system, turn on HasLatex to have the MakeLatexDoc rule use it. We have added support for threads on more systems: Standard conforming pthreads (POSIX threads) on AIX 4.1.x and Digital Unix 4.0. (As in R6, SVR4 threads are also supported on Solaris 2 and Unixware, MS-Windows threads on NT 3.5, and Draft 4 pthreads on DEC OSF/1 2 and 3.) POSIX threads are not supported on Solaris 2.5. With System V Release 4 (SVR4) compilers, we now use the -Xa (ANSI C with native extensions) compiler flag rather than -Xc (limit environment to that specified in the standard). This change provides access to the full richness of the platform. Unfortunately, it also defines the pre- processor symbol __STDC__ to 0, instead of 1 as specified by the stan- dard. Therefore we have changed all "#if __STDC__" tests in our code to "#ifdef __STDC__". Changing the test does not break any currently-sup- ported compilers. On HP-UX systems we now use the -Ae compiler option instead of -Aa, also to access the full environment offered by the plat- form. The database used by the "man -k" command is rebuilt when doing "make install.man" at the top of the xc tree. The makestrs program has moved from xc/lib/Xt/util to xc/config/util so it can be used by libraries other than Xt. It now has a manual page. This enhancement was shipped in R6 public patch 12. The imake variables InstallXdmConfig, InstallXinitConfig, and InstallAp- pDefFiles have changed semantics. Previously, turning off these vari- ables would suppress ever installing the files they controlled. In R6.1, it suppresses overwriting existing files; if the files didn't pre- viously exist, the files are always installed. The new interpretation makes bootstrapping a new system easier. 3.9. Internationalization Clarifications have been made to several sections of Chapter 13 of the Xlib specification. No changes to the Xlib standard are involved. 3.10. Documentation The Release Notes document is split into two, the real release notes (this document) and installation instructions. Formatted versions of both continue to be at top-level in xc/RELNOTES.* and xc/INSTALL.*. A new directory xc/doc/misc/ holds the troff -ms sources. A new file xc/doc/misc/xlogo.epsi is the X logo in PostScript. 3.11. Header Files xc/include/Xalloca.h is solely responsible for defining ALLOCATE_LOCAL and DEALLOCATE_LOCAL. You should be able to add or update a platform's support for alloca() by editing this one file instead of finding and changing the multiple definitions that existed previously. xc/include/Xpoll.h allows more portable, consistent select() and poll() use in the clients, including getting the fd_set properly defined. (The servers still use select on all systems, even those that have poll.) 3.12. X Server 3.12.1. Device Support The following ddxen have been removed: macII, omron, and svga. The XFree86 ddx has been updated to 3.1.2C. The IBM ddx has been updated to work on AIX 4 as well as AIX 3.2. There is a new HP ddx with support for a new graphics card, the HCRX (HyperCRX, HPA4071A_Z), available in 8-bit or 24-bit deep options. The 24-bit version has a optional hardware accelerator, in which case it's known as an HCRX24Z. This ddx was distributed in R6 public patch 9. The Xnest ddx now works on 64-bit machines. The DEC ddx now works on an Alpha with a simple framebuffer (PMAG-B). 3.12.2. Internal Changes To support DBE idioms, the new functions PeekNextRequest and SkipRequests add the ability to do request lookahead and skipping. See xc/programs/server/os/io.c, xc/programs/server/include/os.h, and xc/doc/specs/Xserver/ddx.tbl.ms. The pixelization of zero-width lines is now tunable so that you can make the server match what your hardware does. See xc/pro- grams/Xserver/mi/miline.h. As a result of this work, clipping and pix- elization of zero-width lines are now consistent across cfb, mfb, and mi. Several new callback lists were introduced to support the RECORD exten- sion: DeviceEventCallback, ReplyCallback, SkippedRequestsCallback, and FlushCallback. The parameters of the ClientStateCallback changed: instead of passing a pointer to the client as the call_data, a pointer to a small structure containing a pointer to the client and pointers to the connection setup information is passed. 3.13. New Programs There are new core programs xkbcomp, xkbevd, xkbprint, xkbbell, xkb- vleds, and xkbwatch. 3.14. xmh The xmh mail reader is now session aware. This enhancement was dis- tributed in R6 public patch 8. 3.15. xsm The xsm session manager has many enhancements. It has been moved out of xc/workInProgress into xc/programs. Most of the enhancements were dis- tributed in R6 public patch 8. Advanced signal handling in xsm is appearing for the first time in R6.1. 3.16. makeg The makeg script runs make with the options necessary to make a debug- gable program. 3.17. xterm The xterm terminal emulator has been minimally internationalized to use the Xlib built-in input method with 8-bit character sets. 3.18. Fonts Digital has contributed numerous fixes the the bitmap fonts. These were distributed with R6 public patch 10. 3.19. X Test Suite As of X11R6.1, the X Test Suite, which tests functionality only up through X11R4, is considered unsupported software, and no further devel- opment is planned. For those who require a more up-to-date test suite with available sup- port, X/Open Company Ltd. offers VSW5, a successor to the X Consortium Test Suite. VSW5 includes many bug fixes and a large number of new tests for Xt and for new R5 functionality. R6 tests are planned for the future. Refer to for more information. 3.20. ANSIfication As noted previously under "Configuration Files", for pragmatic reasons we changed the way we use __STDC__ to test for standard C compilers. This is only a short-term issue, as R6.1 will be the last release that will support traditional K&R C. Future releases will assume a standard C compiler and environment. 3.21. Software No Longer Included The software described in this section has been removed from the core distribution in R6.1. 3.21.1. MTXserver The multi-threaded X server snapshot is no longer shipped. It was in xc/workInProgress in R6. No further development has occurred. Consid- erable would work have been necessary to get the MTXserver sources back into a state where they could be compiled. 3.21.2. LBX Low Bandwidth X, shipped in preliminary form in xc/workInProgress in R6, has been removed from the distribution pending completion of the proto- col design and sample implementation. It will reappear in a future release. 3.21.3. Fresco Fresco, shipped in xc/workInProgress in R6, is now independently dis- tributed. Source and documentation are available from . 4. Filing Bug Reports If you find a reproducible bug in software in the xc directory, or find bugs in the xc documentation, please send a bug report to the X Consor- tium using the form in the file xc/bug-report and this destination address: xbugs@@x.org Please try to provide all of the information requested on the form if it is applicable; the little extra time you spend on the report will make it much easier for us to reproduce, find, and fix the bug. Receipt of bug reports is generally acknowledged, but sometimes it can be delayed by a few weeks. Bugs in contrib software are not handled by X Consortium staff. Consult the documentation for the individual software to see where (if anywhere) to report the bug. Many authors of contributed software subscribe to the mailing list "contrib-bugs" hosted at x.org, so this might be a use- ful place to report bugs. (To subscribe to contrib-bugs yourself, send email to contrib-bugs-request@@x.org.) 5. Acknowledgements Release 6.1 of X Version 11 is brought to you by the X staff at X Con- sortium, Inc: Donna Converse, Stephen Gildea, Kaleb Keithley, Matt Lan- dau, Ralph Mor, Bob Scheifler, Ralph Swick, Ray Tice, Mark Welch, and Dave Wiggins. Many companies and individuals have cooperated and worked extremely hard to make this release a reality, and our thanks go out to them. You will find many of them listed in the acknowledgements in the individual spec- ifications. Contributions were received from Mike Patnode and SCO. XKB: Erik Fortune (SGI) was the architect and major implementor. Help was received from Will Walker (Digital). Funding for some of this work was provided by IBM. The library spec was written by Gary Atkins and Amber Benson. The XFree86 Team used early versions and provided useful feedback and bug reports. DBE: T. Alex Chen (IBM), Peter Daifuku (SGI), Ian Elliott (HP), Jim Gra- ham (Sun), Larry Hare (AGE), Jay Hersh (X Consortium), Daryl Huff (Sun), Deron Dann Johnson (Sun), Louis Khouw (Sun), Mark Kilgard (SGI), Allen Leinwand (SGI). Rob Lembree (Digital), Alan Ricker (Metheus), Michael Rosenblum (Digital), Larry Seiler (Digital), Jeanne Sparlin (IBM), Jeff Stevenson (HP), Walter Strand (Metheus), Ken Tidwell (HP), Tom Yip (HP). RECORD: Rob Chesler (Absol-puter), Amnon Cohen (Mercury Interactive), Kieron Drake (UniSoft), Marc Evans (Synergytics) Jim Fulton (NCD), Jim Haggerty (Metheus) Ken Miller (Digital), Alan Ricker (Metheus), Kent Siefkes (Performance Awareness), and Martha Zimet (NCD). ddxen: HP, IBM, Digital, XFree86 Team. fonts: Digital Hidetoshi Tajima (Sun) tested the new internationalization code, provid- ing useful bug reports and fixes. ICE X Rendevous: Will Walker (Digital), Keith Edwards (Georgia Institute of Technology). @ 1.1 log @Initial revision @ text @@ 1.1.1.1 log @XFree86 3.2 sources @ text @@ 1.1.1.2 log @XFree86 3.3 sources. @ text @d10 1 a10 2 X Window System, Version 11 Release 6.3 d12 1 a12 1 Release Notes d20 1 d22 1 a22 1 X Consortium, Inc. a23 1 December 23, 1996 d29 1 d35 3 a37 1 Copyright c 1996 X Consortium d40 6 a45 6 copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, dis- tribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the fol- lowing conditions: d50 2 a51 2 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABIL- d53 3 a55 3 SHALL THE X CONSORTIUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABIL- ITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS d58 3 a60 3 Except as contained in this notice, the name of the X Consortium shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization from d63 1 a63 1 X Window System is a trademark of X Consortium, Inc. d67 1 a67 1 1. What Is Release 6.3 d70 4 a73 5 This is the last X Consortium implementation of the X Window System. X is a vendor-neutral, system-architecture neutral network-transparent window system and user interface standard. X runs on a wide range of computing and graphics machines. For an overview of X, see the X manual page. d75 2 a76 3 R6.3 is an update to R6.1. It is compatible with R6 and R6.1 at the source and protocol levels in all respects, and binaries are upward- compatible. d78 2 a79 6 What about Release 6.2? Release 6.2 is a proper subset of Release 6.3 produced at the request of the OSF Common Desktop Environment program. It was produced by the X Consortium and is being released by OSF simul- taneously with CDE 2.1. Release 6.2 contains only the print extension and the Xlib implementation of vertical writing and user-defined charac- ter support. d81 2 a82 4 The X Consortium was an independent, not-for-profit membership corpora- tion formed in 1993 as the successor to the MIT X Consortium and dis- solved at the end of 1996. Refer to the Consortium man page for addi- tional details about the X Consortium. a83 2 See xc/INSTALL.PS (PostScript) or xc/INSTALL.TXT (plain text) for instructions on how to build and install this software. d85 1 a86 1 1.1. Overview of the X Consortium Release d88 1 a88 2 The X Consortium software and documentation in Release 6.3 is in direc- d92 1 a92 1 The X Consortium produced standards: documents which define net- d94 1 a94 1 environment. See the XStandards manual page for a list of stan- d98 3 a100 3 For most of our standards, we provide high-quality implementations to demonstrate proof of concept and to give early adopters and ven- dors a base to use. These are not reference implementations; the d104 2 a105 2 A collection of bitmap and outline fonts are included in the dis- tribution, contributed by various individuals and companies. d107 4 a110 4 Utility Libraries A number of libraries, such as Xmu and the Athena Widget Set, are included. These are not standards, but are used in building X Con- sortium applications and may be useful in building other applica- d114 6 a119 8 We also provide a number of application programs. A few of these programs, such as xdm (or its equivalent), should be considered essential in almost all environments. The rest of the applications carry no special status; they are simply programs that have been developed and/or maintained by X Consortium staff. In some cases, you will find better substitutes for these programs contributed by others. a120 1 1.2. Supported Systems d122 1 a123 1 We built and tested this release on the following systems: d125 1 a126 6 AIX 4.2 Digital Unix 4.0A HP-UX 10.01 IRIX 6.2 Solaris 2.5 UNIX System V/386 Release 4.2 (Novell UnixWare) Version 2.02 d128 15 a142 2 We also built this release on the following and did some minimal test- ing: d144 1 a144 5 FreeBSD 2.1.6 Linux 1.2.13 (Yggdrasil) and 2.0.0 (Slackware 3.1) SCO Open Server 5.0 SunOS 4.1.4 Windows NT 4.0 d146 2 a148 2 In all cases except SunOS we have used the vendor's compiler. On SunOS we build with gcc. d150 1 a151 1 1.2.1. Supported Display Devices d153 2 a155 2 This release includes the necessary device-dependent support to build a native X server for the following platforms: d157 6 a162 1 XFree86: See the XF_* man pages for supported video cards a163 10 AIX: Xibm with Skyway display adapter HP-UX: Xhp Digital Unix: Xdec on Alpha AXP with PMAG-B frame buffer SunOS/Solaris: Xsun -- see the Xsun man page for supported frame buffers Ultrix[1] :Xdec In addition to the above, the Xvfb and Xnest servers can be built on most platforms. Native servers are not built on IRIX or Microsoft Windows NT. d169 1 a169 1 The general layout under xc/ is as follows: d172 11 a182 10 config/ config files, imake, makedepend, build utilities doc/ all documentation other than per-program manual pages fonts/ BDF, Speedo, Type1 fonts include/ include files shared by multiple directories lib/ all libraries nls/ national language support files programs/ all programs, including the X server and rgb util/ patch, compress, other utilities bug-report bug reporting template registry X Registry d185 3 a187 3 This file is xc/RELNOTES.*, in various formats. The documentation source files RELNOTES.ms and INSTALL.ms are in the xc/doc/misc/ direc- tory. d190 1 a190 1 1.4. X Registry d193 1 a193 1 The X Consortium maintained a registry of certain X-related items to aid d196 4 a199 4 The registry is in the file xc/registry in the distribution. The latest version may also be available by sending a message to xstuff@@x.org. The message can have a subject line and no body, or a single-line body and no subject; in either case the line should look like this: d201 1 a201 1 send docs registry d205 1 a205 1 1.5. Extensions Supported d208 4 a211 5 The core distribution includes the following extensions: BIG-REQUESTS, DOUBLE-BUFFER, LBX, MIT-SHM, MIT-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD, Multi-Buffering, RECORD, SECURITY, SHAPE, SYNC, X3D-PEX, XC-APPGROUP, XC-MISC, XFree86- VidModeExtension, XIE, XInputExtension, XKEYBOARD, XpExtension (print- ing), XTEST, and XTestExtension1. d213 2 a214 2 Not all of these extensions are standards; see the XStandards manual page. Some of these extensions are not supported on all platforms. d220 9 a228 10 Some of the specifications define some behavior as implementation- dependent. Implementations of X Consortium standards need to document how those parameters are implemented; this section does so. XFILESEARCHPATH default This default can be set at build time by setting the imake vari- ables XFileSearchPathDefault, XAppLoadDir, XFileSearchPathBase, and ProjectRoot in site.def. See xc/config/cf/README for instructions and xc/config/cf/X11.tmpl[2] for details of how these configuration variables are used. d230 1 a230 1 By default ProjectRoot is /usr/X11R6.3 and XFILESEARCHPATH has d233 6 a238 6 /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/%L/%T/%N%C%S /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/%l/%T/%N%C%S /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/%T/%N%C%S /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/%L/%T/%N%S /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/%l/%T/%N%S /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/%T/%N%S d242 1 a242 1 If the environment variable XAPPLRESDIR is defined, the default d245 8 a252 8 $XAPPLRESDIR/%L/%N%C $XAPPLRESDIR/%l/%N%C $XAPPLRESDIR/%N%C $HOME/%N%C $XAPPLRESDIR/%L/%N $XAPPLRESDIR/%l/%N $XAPPLRESDIR/%N $HOME/%N d256 6 a261 6 $HOME/%L/%N%C $HOME/%l/%N%C $HOME/%N%C $HOME/%L/%N $HOME/%l/%N $HOME/%N d265 2 a266 2 Defaults to /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/XKeysymDB, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.3. d269 2 a270 2 Defaults to /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/Xcms.txt, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.3. d273 3 a275 3 Defaults to the directory /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/locale, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.3. The XLOCALEDIR variable can contain multiple colon-separated pathnames. d278 2 a279 2 The Xlib error database file is /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/XErrorDB, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.3. d282 2 a283 2 The Xt error database file is /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/XtErrorDB, assuming ProjectRoot is set to /usr/X11R6.3. d286 3 a288 4 X locales supported are in locale.dir; the mapping between various system locale names and X locale names is in locale.alias. Both files are shipped in the xc/nls/X11/locale/ directory and installed in the XLocaleDir directory (e.g. /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/locale/). d291 1 a291 1 The core distribution does not include any input method servers. d293 3 a295 3 ports compose processing in 8-bit locales. Compose files are pro- vided for Latin-1 and Latin-2. The built-in input method can sup- port other locales, given suitable compose files. See d298 1 a298 1 There are input method servers available on the net. d302 1 a302 1 2. What is Unchanged in Release 6.3 d305 4 a308 8 As this is an update release, there is a great deal of stability in the standards, libraries, and clients. No existing standards other than the ICE library specification have changed in a material way, though several documents have been updated with editorial improvements. There is one new interface added to the ICE library libICE; see below. The extension library, libXext, is updated to include the LBX, security, and applica- tion group extension interfaces. All previous interfaces in these and all other libraries are unchanged. d312 1 a312 1 3. What Is New in Release 6.3 d315 2 a316 2 This section describes changes in the X Consortium distribution since Release 6.1. d318 3 a320 5 All libraries, protocols, and servers are compatible with Release 6 and Release 6.1. That is, R6 and R6.1 clients and applications will work with R6.3 libraries and servers. Most R6.3 clients will work with R6.1 and R6 libraries except those that use the new interfaces in libICE, libXext, and libXp. d322 2 a323 5 The major new functionality in R6.3 is support for World Wide Web integration, protection of data from ``untrusted'' client connections, a bandwidth- and latency-optimized protocol for using X across the Inter- net, a print protocol following the Xlib API, and support for vertical text writing and user-defined characters in the Xlib implementation. d329 2 a330 4 The following platforms have a newer operating system version supported: System R6.1 R6.3 a331 6 AIX 4.1.4 4.2 Digital Unix 3.2C 4.0A HP-UX 10.01 IRIX 5.3 6.2 Solaris 2.4 2.5 UnixWare 2.02 d333 1 d335 19 a353 12 We also built on the following platforms, however full support is not guaranteed: System R6.1 R6.3 FreeBSD 2.1.0 2.1.6 Linux 1.2.13 2.0 SCO Open Server 5.0 SunOS 4.1.3 4.1.4 Windows NT 3.5 4.0 d359 1 a359 1 The following are new X Consortium standards in Release 6.3. Each is d362 4 a365 6 Low Bandwidth X Extension RX: X Remote Execution MIME type Security Extension Application Group Extension Print Extension Proxy Management Protocol d369 1 a369 1 3.3. Low Bandwidth X Extension d372 2 a373 5 The Low Bandwidth X extension (LBX) defines several compression and local caching techniques to improve performance on wide area networks and also on slower-speed connections. These reduce the amount of proto- col data transported over the network and reduce the number of client- to-server roundtrips required for common application startup operations. d375 2 a376 4 LBX was referred to as X.fast in some materials but we elected to not go through the implementation and change all the names. To avoid any con- fusion with an external name different from the internal name in the implementation, we elected to drop the ``X.fast'' moniker. a377 9 LBX is implemented in two pieces; an X server extension and a proxy application. The X server extension provides the new optimized proto- col. The proxy application, lbxproxy, translates a normal client X pro- tocol stream into an LBX stream. This permits any existing application to gain the benefit of the optimized protocol with no changes. The proxy is especially useful when multiple applications are running on the same local area network separated from the X server by a slower network. In this case the full benefit of the local cache is shared by each application using the same proxy process. d379 1 a379 3 The specification for LBX is in xc/doc/specs/Xext/lbx.mif (FrameMaker interchange source) and xc/doc/hardcopy/Xext/lbx.PS.Z (compressed PostScript). d382 2 a383 1 3.4. RX: X Remote eXecution d385 2 d388 3 a390 6 The remote execution (RX) service specifies a MIME format for invoking applications remotely, for example via a World Wide Web browser. This RX format specifies a syntax for listing network services required by the application, for example an X display server. The requesting Web browser must identify specific instances of the services in the request to invoke the application. a391 3 The distribution contains a helper program (xrx) and a Netscape Naviga- tor plug-in (libxrx) that demonstrate this protocol. The plug-in requires Navigator 3.0. d393 1 a393 4 We have only been able to test the plug-in on HP-UX, IRIX, Digital Unix, and Solaris2. Netscape Navigator binaries for other platforms are either not available at all or were not available in time to be included in the testing for this release. a394 3 The specification for the RX mime type is in xc/doc/specs/RX/RX.mif (FrameMaker interchange source) and xc/doc/hardcopy/RX/RX.PS.Z (compressed PostScript). d396 2 a397 2 The following section describes the procedure to set up your environment and try the examples provided in this distribution. d399 2 d402 3 a404 1 3.4.1. Preparing Your Web Server d407 1 a407 5 In order to demonstrate the RX helper program and the RX Netscape plug- in you need to have access to an HTTP server to install ``common gateway interface'' (CGI) scripts. While CGI programs can be written in any compiled or interpreted language, the sample CGI programs in the distri- bution are written in perl. a408 2 If you don't currently have a web server the NCSA server is a good one to try. Binaries for various systems are available at: d410 3 a412 1 http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/docs/setup/PreExec.html a413 2 If you don't have perl you can get the source code from: ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu/pub/gnu/perl-4.036.tar.gz d415 1 a415 4 You need to install the HTML, RX, and CGI sample files into your server's HTML and CGI directories. The process can be partially automated by adding the following definitions to your site.def or host.def file: d418 5 a422 2 WebServer defines the hostname and port of your web server, for example d424 3 a426 1 #define WebServer www.myorg.org:8001 a427 2 HtmlDir defines the path at which HTML and RX documents are installed, for example d429 1 a429 1 #define HtmlDir /usr/local/etc/httpd/htdocs a430 2 CgiBinDir defines the path at which CGI programs are installed, for example d432 3 a434 1 #define CgiBinDir /usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin d436 4 a439 5 ProxyManager defines the transport scheme, hostname, and port for CGI programs to contact the Proxy Manager. See the proxymngr man pages for further details. Typically the proxy manager host will be the same as your web server, for example: d441 4 a444 1 #define ProxyManager tcp/www.myorg.org:6500 d446 2 a447 2 Then make the Makefiles and build the directories with the following command sequence: d449 2 a450 8 cd xc/programs/xrx/htdocs xmkmf ../../.. programs/xrx/htdocs make make install cd ../cgi-bin xmkmf ../../.. programs/xrx/cgi-bin make make install d452 30 a482 2 These directories are not automatically built or installed by the top level Makefile because they install outside the ProjectRoot. d484 1 a484 4 You also need to configure your web server so that files with the exten- sion name ``rx'' are of the MIME type ``application/x-rx''. See your HTTP server's configuration documentation for the right procedure to do so. d487 2 a488 1 3.4.2. The RX Helper Program d491 1 a491 203 The helper program, xrx, may be used with any Web browser to interpret the new RX document type. The RX helper program is installed in /bin (e.g. /usr/X11R6.3/bin/). You will need to configure your web browser to use it for RX documents by adding a line to your $HOME/.mailcap: application/x-rx; /X11/bin/xrx %s You may need to refer to your web browser's documentation for exact instructions on configuring helper applications. The helper program is activated by your browser as soon as you retrieve any document of the MIME type application/x-rx. All you need to do is to point your browser at the URL: http://your.web.server/xload.rx The application (i.e. xload) should appear on your DISPLAY as a new top-level client. The client will be running on your web server host and connected to your X server. If your X server supports the SECURITY extension the client will be running as an untrusted client. 3.4.3. The RX Netscape Navigator Plug-in The Navigator plug-in supports all the functions of xrx and in addition uses the new XC-APPGROUP extension, if your X server provides it, to cause the remotely launched application to be embedded within the browser page from which it was launched. The HTML page links to an RX document via the EMBED tag, a Netscape extension to HTML. The RX document provides the plug-in with the list of services the application wants to use. Based on this information, the plug-in sets the various requested services, including creating authorization keys, and passes the relevant data to the application through an HTTP GET request of the associated CGI script. The Web server then executes the CGI script to start the application. To be able to use the RX plug-in you need Netscape Navigator 3.0. Binaries for various systems can be found at: http://home.netscape.com/comprod/mirror/client_download.html To complete the installation of the Netscape plug-in, find the file named libxrx.so.6.3 or libxrx.sl.6.3 (or similar, depending on your platform) in /lib (e.g. /usr/X11R6.3/lib) and copy it to either /usr/local/lib/netscape/plugins or $HOME/.netscape/plugins. Do not install the symlinks libxrx.so or libxrx.sl; they may confuse Netscape. You should remove or comment out the line you may have previously added in your mailcap file to use the RX helper program, otherwise the plug-in will not be enabled. (The usual comment character for mailcap is ``#''.) If you are already running Netscape Navigator, you need to exit and res- tart it after copying the plug-in library so the new plug-in will be found. Once this is done you can check that Navigator has successfully loaded the plug-in by checking the ``About Plug-ins'' page from the Help menu. This should show something like: RX Plug-in File name: /usr/guest/netscape/plugins/libxrx.sl.6.3 X Remote Activation Plug-in Mime Type Description Suffixes Enabled application/x-rx X Remote Activation Plug-inxrxYes The plug-in will be activated by Netscape Navigator as soon as you retrieve any document of the MIME type application/x-rx. Several sam- ples are included in the distribution. The most basic one is xload. All you need to do is point your browser at the page: http://your.web.server/xload.html If something goes wrong check on the all the previous steps listed above and try again. Once xload is working you can try some of the other examples in the distribution such as bitmap.html or dtcm.html. 3.4.4. Trying Embedding With an Old X Server The Netscape Navigator plug-in, libxrx, will work with an X server that does not contain the application group or security extensions. The application will be started as a separate top-level client. If you wish to try out the embedding facilities without replacing your desktop X server, you may use the Xnest server. A typical Xnest session would look like the following: % Xnest :11 % xterm -display :11 These two commands start a ``nested'' server and a terminal emulator within that server. Your favorite window manager and Netscape Navigator can now be executed from the nested xterm window. You may wish to first disable access control in the nested server by running ``xhost +'' in the nested xterm. 3.4.5. Setting Up Your Own Applications To Run Over The Web Based on the examples provided in the distribution it should be easy to set up your web server to run your own applications. Every application requires 3 additional files to identify it to Web browsers: myapp.htmlAn HTML page to present the application embedded myapp.rx The RX document describing the application myapp.pl The CGI script to start the application Note that the separate ``.rx'' file could be omitted by implementing the CGI script such that if it is invoked without a QUERY_STRING it will return the RX content. We decided not to do so in the distributed exam- ples for purpose of clarity. The xload demo provides a good starting point. Simply make a copy of each of the files xload.rx, xload.html, and xload.pl. Then look inside them for every instance of ``xload'' and change it to whatever is appropriate for your application. You will not be able to run the dtcm demo unless you have dtcm (a CDE component) installed on your web server host. This example shows how a CGI script would look when an X Print server is requested. The script dtcm.pl is, for that reason, slightly more complicated than other exam- ples. 3.5. Security Extension The SECURITY extension contains new protocol needed to provide enhanced X server security. This extension adds to the X protocol the concepts of ``trusted'' and ``untrusted'' clients. The trust status of a client is determined by the authorization used at connection setup. All clients using host-based authorization are considered ``trusted''. Clients using other authorization protocols may be either trusted or untrusted depending on the data included in the connection authorization phase. The requests in the security extension permit a trusted client to create multiple authorization entries for a single authorization protocol. Each entry is tagged with the trust status to be associated with any client presenting that authorization. When a connection identifying an ``untrusted'' client is accepted, the client is restricted from performing certain operations that would steal or modify data that is held by the server for trusted clients. An untrusted client performing a disallowed operation will receive protocol errors. Such a client may be written to catch these errors and continue operation. When a client is untrusted, the server will also limit the extensions that are available to the client. Each X protocol extension is respon- sible for defining what operations are permitted to untrusted clients; by default, the entire extension is hidden. The specification for the SECURITY extension is in xc/doc/specs/Xext/security.tex (LaTeX source) and xc/doc/hardcopy/Xext/security.PS.Z (compressed PostScript). 3.5.1. Untrusted Application Behavior Most applications work normally when run as untrusted clients, but since the security extension changes the semantics of certain parts of the X protocol, it is no surprise that some clients behave differently when untrusted. We note the following significant behavior changes, separated into two categories: changes that we expect could disappear or mutate if the implementation were improved in a future release, and changes we expect are permanent, legitimate defenses against data loss or leakage. 3.5.1.1. Behaviors That Are Implementation-Dependent The following behaviors when running the respective applications as untrusted are not mandated by the security design but are side effects of limitations in the current implementation. oclock is square because the SHAPE extension hasn't been marked secure yet. Similarly, Xaw applications that use oval buttons will have rec- tangular buttons instead. Any application that depends on an extension other than XC-MISC, LBX, or BIG-REQUESTS will have different behavior, as no other extensions are currently marked secure. The core clients affected are xieperf and all the xkb utilities. emacs exits with a Window error when trying to use the QueryPointer request on the root window when you click in a buffer. FrameMaker, and xwd -root both exit with a Window error when trying to use the GetWindowAttributes request on a window manager frame window. a492 3 All the remaining changes are involved in some way with window proper- ties. Some of these behaviors can be modified with changes to the Secu- rityPolicy file; see the Xserver man page. d494 4 a497 3 Several clients exit with a Window error when trying to use the DeleteProperty request on various properties on the root window. These include xcmsdb -remove, xprop -root -remove, and xstdcmap -delete. d499 1 a499 239 xprop exits with an Atom error when attempting to access protected pro- perties. The following two changes require, in addition, a ``trusted selection intermediary'' to provide selection transfer from untrusted to trusted clients (and vice-versa). R6.3 does not include such a trusted intermediary. xterm exits with an Atom error when it tries to store the property value during a selection transfer (paste) to a trusted selection requester. The ``copy 0 to PRIMARY'' button of xcutsel does not work. Selection transfer from untrusted clients to trusted clients fails when the untrusted client attempts to use SendEvent to generate the Selec- tionNotify event for the requester. Most requesters will treat this as a transfer timeout and continue. Xt-based applications will create an additional Atom each time such a transfer is attempted. 3.5.1.2. Behaviors That Are Not Likely To Change The following behaviors represent actions performed by the applications that are disallowed by design. editres will fail when pointed at a trusted client when it tries to read window properties on a window owned by that client. Xnest exits on startup with an Access error as it tries to use the ChangeKeyboardControl request. The new generate option to xauth fails because untrusted applications are not allowed to create additional authorizations. xhost cannot be used to modify the host access list. xmag gets an unending stream of Drawable errors as it tries to use the PolyRectangle request on the root window. If you click to select a location to magnify, xmag gets a Drawable error as it tries to use the GetImage request on the root window. xmag could be modified to exit gracefully under these conditions. netscape exits on startup with a Drawable error when trying to use the GetImage request on the root window. xmodmap exits with an Access error when trying to use the ChangeKey- boardMapping request. xset with the b, c, led, or r options exits with an Access error when trying to use the ChangeKeyboardControl request. With the bc option, it can't find the MIT-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD extension and exits gracefully. xsetroot exits with a Window error when trying to use the ChangeWin- dowAttributes request on the root window. 3.6. Application Group Extension The application group extension (XC-APPGROUP) provides new protocol to implement Application Groups (``AppGroups''). The AppGroup facility allows other clients to share the SubstructureRedirect mechanism with the window manager. This allows another client called the ``application group leader'', such as a web browser, to intercept a MapRequest made by a third application and reparent its window into the web browser before the window manager takes control. The AppGroup leader may also limit the screens and visuals available to the applications in the group. Users who have an XC-APPGROUP enhanced X server and an RX plug-in for their Netscape Navigator web browser can run programs remotely over the web and have the output appear as part of the presentation in their web browser. The only way for an application to become a member of an AppGroup is by using an authorization generated using the new security extension. Whenever an application connects to the server, the authorization that it used to connect is tested to see if it belongs to an AppGroup. This means that the Authorization data must be transmitted to the remote host where the application will be run. In the case of RX, HTTP is used to send the Authorization. Sites who have concerns about sending unen- crypted authorization data such as MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 via HTTP should configure their web servers and web browsers to use SHTTP or SSL. The specification for the XC-APPGROUP extension is in xc/doc/specs/Xext/AppGroup.mif (FrameMaker interchange source) and xc/doc/hardcopy/Xext/AppGroup.PS.Z (compressed PostScript). 3.7. Print Extension The print extension supports output to hardcopy devices using the core X drawing requests. The print extension adds requests for job and page control and defines how specific printer attributes are communicated between the server and printing clients. Printer attribute specifica- tions are modeled after the ISO 10175 specification. An X client that wants to produce hardcopy output will typically open a second connection to an X print server, produce a print job, and then close the print server connection. The print server may be the same process as the display server (the term ``video server'' is sometimes used) although the implementation provided in R6.3 does not completely support video and print servers in the same binary. The specification for the print extension is in xc/doc/specs/XPRINT/xp_proto.mif (FrameMaker interchange source) and xc/doc/hardcopy/XPRINT/xp_proto.PS.Z (compressed PostScript). The library API specification is in xc/doc/specs/XPRINT/xp_library.mif (FrameMaker interchange source) and xc/doc/hardcopy/XPRINT/xp_library.PS.Z (compressed PostScript). 3.7.1. Running an X Print Server The print server is simply an X server with the print extension and spe- cial DDX implementations. The X Print Server is started like any other X server. Here is a sample command line for use with a typical configuration: % Xprt :1 -ac The options used in the example are: :1 On a host that is running a video display server you will need to specify a different display from the default. -ac Disable access control, since no simple mechanism for sharing keys is provided. The X print server supports the following additional options: -XpFile Points to the directory containing the print server configura- tion files. XPCONFIGDIREnvironment variable specifying alternative location of the print server configuration files. The print server, Xprt, is built only if the config option XprtServer is YES. Four printer DDXen are provided, each with a separate config option to control whether or not it will be included: XpRasterDDX, XpColorPclDDX, XpMonoPclDDX, XpPostScriptDDX; see xc/config/cf/README. XprtServer defaults to the value of BuildServer (i.e. Xprt will be built by default on all platforms that build a full X server). XpRasterDDX and XpMonoPclDDX default to NO. XpColorPclDDX and XpPostScriptDDX default to YES. The print server is configured through a directory of configuration files that define printer model types and instances of printer models. An example configuration tree is provided in xc/programs/Xserver/XpConfig/. See also xc/doc/specs/Xserver/Xprt.mif (FrameMaker interchange source) and xc/doc/hardcopy/Xserver/Xprt.PS.Z (compressed PostScript) for further instructions on configuring Xprt. 3.7.2. Specifying The Print Server To A Client By convention, clients locate the print server using the environment variable XPRINTER. The syntax of XPRINTER is an augmented DISPLAY; i.e. printerName@@host:display where ``printerName'' is one of the printer instances listed in the print server configuration files. The use of XPRINTER and its syntax is an application convention only; there is nothing in the supplied libraries that uses (or parses) this environment variable. 3.8. Proxy Management Protocol The Proxy Management Protocol is an ICE based protocol that provides a way for application servers to easily locate proxy services such as the LBX proxy and the X firewall proxy. Typically, a service called a ``proxy manager'' is responsible for resolving requests for proxy services, starting new proxies when appropriate, and keeping track of all of the available proxy services. The proxy manager strives to reuse existing proxy processes whenever possible. The Proxy Management Protocol is described in xc/doc/specs/PM/PM_spec. 3.9. Configuration As in R6.1, the top-level Makefile is no longer over-ridden by the first build. Instead a new file xmakefile is created. Thus is it not neces- sary to take any additional steps to reset the builds. The file xc/config/cf/README provides more guidance on how to write an Imakefile, including a list of variables that may be set in an Imakefile. This file is strongly recommended reading for Imakefile authors. The LaTeX text processor is supported as of R6.1. If you have LaTeX on your system, turn on HasLatex to have the MakeLatexDoc rule use it. Also since R6.1, with System V Release 4 (SVR4) compilers we now use the -Xa (ANSI C with native extensions) compiler flag rather than -Xc (limit environment to that specified in the standard). This provides access to the full richness of the platform. Unfortunately, it also defines the preprocessor symbol __STDC__ to 0, instead of 1 as specified by the standard. Therefore we use "#ifdef __STDC__" in our sources rather than "#if __STDC__". On HP-UX systems we use the -Ae compiler option instead of -Aa, also to access the full environment offered by the platform. As in R6.1, the imake variables InstallXdmConfig, InstallXinitConfig, and InstallAppDefFiles suppress overwriting existing files; if the files didn't previously exist, the files are always installed. This interpre- tation makes bootstrapping a new system easier than in R6 and earlier releases. A new configuration build option, GzipFontCompression, has been added to use gzip rather than compress for font compression. It defaults to NO. The build creates a new directory xc/exports into which the header files, libraries, and certain build utility binaries are symlinked. This greatly simplifies Imakefile construction and supports multiple development projects (such as X, Motif, and CDE) on a single system. Imake rules and template files for building Motif and CDE were contri- buted by the OSF CDE/Motif project and are included in R6.3. 3.10. Documentation Additional X server internals documentation is provided in the /xc/doc/specs/Xserver/ directory for the XC-APPGROUP and SECURITY exten- sions. An analysis and rationale for the SECURITY extension will also be found in that directory. Specifications for the other new standards are in /xc/doc/specs/RX/, /xc/doc/specs/XPRINT/, and /xc/doc/specs/Xext/. d505 8 a512 4 xc/include/Xos_r.h is a new header file to promote portable source code using thread-safe implementations of getpwnam, getpwuid, gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, and getservbyname. It is not required by any X Consor- tium standard. a517 6 The security, LBX, printing, and AppGroup extensions are all new. In R6.3 only MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 is supported in the security extension. Parts of the security policy are configured at run-time from the file /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/xserver/SecurityPolicy. Site-defined policy strings used by xfwp and rules for property access by untrusted clients are defined there. See the Xserver man page for full details. d519 1 a520 1 3.12.1. New Device Support d522 1 d524 1 a524 2 Support has been added for the Sun TCX frame buffer as a dumb 8-bit frame buffer on Solaris 2.5. d526 1 a526 1 New XFree86 servers based on XFree86 3.2 are included. d528 4 d533 1 a533 1 3.12.2. Internal Changes d535 1 a536 6 The security extension provides new internal resource ID lookup inter- faces that incorporate the access control lookup. In order to be declared secure and therefore be made available to untrusted clients, other extensions should, at a minimum, be changed to use these inter- faces. Depending on what the extension does, more may need to be done in its implementation before it can appropriately be labeled ``secure''. d538 1 a538 3 Refer to the documents xc/doc/specs/Xserver/appgroup.ms and xc/doc/specs/Xserver/secint.tex for implementation details of the appli- cation group and security extensions, respectively. d541 4 a544 1 3.13. ICE Library Addition d546 5 d552 6 a557 5 To support proxy managers and firewall proxies using ICE on well-known TCP ports, an additional interface has been added to the ICE library. This new interface, IceListenForWellKnownConnections, has equivalent calling parameters to IceListenForConnections plus an ICE network id parameter. d560 1 a560 1 3.14. Xlib Vertical Writing and User-Defined Characters d563 2 a564 5 The Xlib output method implementation has been enhanced to support the XOM value drawing direction XOMOrientation_TTB_RTL. Vertical writing information and other locale specific information is read from the file /%L/XLC_LOCALE where the XLocaleDir configuration option defaults to /usr/X11R6.3/lib/X11/locale. a565 3 The X[mb|wc]TextEscapement functions now return the text escapement in pixels for the vertical or horizontal direction depending on the XNOrientation XOCValue. d567 1 a567 3 The X[mb|wc]DrawString functions will now render a character string in the vertical or horizontal direction depending on the XNOrientation XOCValue. a568 5 The Xlib NLS database implementation has been enhanced to support extended segments used for interchanging non-standard code sets. Sup- port has been added for control sequences and encoding names used in extended segments and conversion of glyph indexes when interchanging data in extended segments. d570 2 a572 1 3.15. Xt Geometry Management Debugger d574 1 a575 8 Daniel Dardailler's ``GeoTattler'' code has been merged into the Xt Intrinsics library implementation. This is not a standard. If libXt is compiled with the XT_GEO_TATTLER symbol defined (currently there is no build configuration support to do this) then a ``geoTattler'' resource may be specified for any widget in an application. If the geoTattler resource for a widget instance is True then libXt will generate debug- ging information to stdout when the widget makes geometry change requests. d577 4 a580 1 For example, if the resources specify: a581 3 myapp*draw.XmScale.geoTattler: ON *XmScrollBar.geoTattler:ON *XmRowColumn.exit_button.geoTattler:ON d583 1 a583 3 then geometry management debugging information will be generated for all the XmScale children of the widget named draw, all the XmScrollBars, and the widget named exit_button in any XmRowColumn. a584 1 3.16. New Programs d586 2 a588 2 There are new core programs lbxproxy, proxymngr, xfindproxy, xfwp, Xprt, and xrx. d590 1 a591 9 lbxproxy The lbxproxy program is used to ``translate'' X protocol to LBX protocol. It should be executed on the same host as the client application or on a host connected to the client host by a fast network. lbxproxy appears to the clients using it as another X server; that is, the clients connect through it using the conventional DISPLAY syntax, specifying the proxy host in place of the server. lbxproxy can be used stand- alone or in conjunction with proxymngr and xfindproxy. See the lbxproxy man page for further details. d593 2 a594 5 proxymngr proxymngr is a process that runs continuously to control other proxy applications, such as lbxproxy and xfwp. It maintains a list of active proxy processes and responds to queries from xfindproxy. See the proxymngr man pages for further details. a595 5 xfindproxy xfindproxy is used to locate a running proxy process for a given network service, such as lbxproxy or xfwp, or to request that a proxy be started if one is not already run- ning. xfindproxy communicates with proxymngr to perform the actual work. d597 1 a597 8 xfwp xfwp is the X firewall application proxy. It is designed to run on a network firewall host and relay X protocol between applications (typically outside the firewall) and the X server (inside the firewall). xfwp appears to the clients using it as another X server; that is, clients connect through it using the conventional DISPLAY syntax. xfwp will not do anything useful without proxymngr and xfindproxy or xrx. See the xfwp man page for further details. a598 11 Xprt Xprt is the print server, built as part of the Xserver build if the XprtServer config option is YES. The print server supports printing to PostScript and PCL devices, as well as raster output to an xwd format file (and thence to any printer that xpr supports). The print extension was designed to be integrated with the ``video'' server in a single process but the R6.3 implementation does not support a combined video and print server. Details of configuration for Xprt are in xc/doc/specs/Xserver/Xprt.mif (FrameMaker interchange source) and xc/doc/hardcopy/Xserver/Xprt.PS.Z (compressed PostScript). d600 2 a601 7 xrx, libxrx xrx is the Web browser helper application that interprets documents in the RX MIME type to remotely launch applica- tions via the Web. Its companion libxrx is a plug-in for Netscape Navigator 3.0 that supports in addition the capa- bility to visually embed the remote applications in the associated browser Web page window. See the xrx man page for further details. d604 1 a604 1 3.16.1. Using The LBX Proxy d607 3 a609 5 The implementation of lbxproxy provided here will support an arbitrary number of clients connecting to the same X server. A separate lbxproxy process is required for each separate X server process. A typical com- mand line to invoke lbxproxy is lbxproxy :22 -display myhost:0 d611 6 a617 6 This command runs a proxy with the X server ``myhost:0'' as the target. Clients must connect to the proxy using ``proxyhost:22'' as the DISPLAY. The .Xauthority file for these clients must contain an entry for server ``proxyhost:22'' with the same MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE as ``myhost:0'', or the X server must be configured to permit connections from any host on the network. d619 1 a619 2 Here is an example showing how to setup the appropriate .Xauthority entries: a620 8 % lbxproxy :22 -display myws:0 % xauth list myws:0 MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 7fd231ccdce2 myws/unix:0 MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1 7fd231ccdce2 % xauth -f $HOME/proxyauth add proxyhost:22 . 7fd231ccdce2 xauth: creating new authority file /usr/myself/proxyauth % xauth -f $HOME/proxyauth add proxyhost/unix:22 . 7fd231ccdce2 % setenv XAUTHORITY $HOME/proxyauth d622 5 a627 4 In this example, the authorization token for display 0 is copied into a new file ``proxyauth'' and associated with the LBX proxy server display number (22). The new authority file may then be copied to another host and used as the value of the XAUTHORITY environment variable. d629 1 a629 2 The proxymngr daemon is usually configured to invoke lbxproxy automati- cally when a user or a CGI script runs xfindproxy -name LBX. a630 1 See the lbxproxy man page for further details. d632 2 a634 1 3.17. Major Additions to Existing Programs d636 1 a637 6 The generate option of xauth is used to obtain additional authorization tokens for client connections. These authorization tokens may specify that the client using them is to be restricted in the operations that may be performed in the X server. The authorization tokens may be independently revoked. Refer to the SECURITY extension for further details on authorizations. d639 4 a642 2 The xauth man page gives full details on the new generate command. Here is an example use: a643 2 xauth -f untrusted-auth-file g :0 . timeout 0 setenv XAUTHORITY untrusted-auth-file d645 1 a645 10 This will cause xauth to contact server ``:0'' to get a long-lasting untrusted cookie which it then stores in untrusted-auth-file. By set- ting XAUTHORITY to point to untrusted-auth-file, subsequent applications run from this shell to server :0 will be untrusted. The ``g'' is short for ``generate'', and the ``.'' is short for ``MIT-MAGIC-COOKIE-1''. If you omit the -f argument, xauth will use $XAUTHORITY (or ~/.Xauthority), which may not be what you want, especially if you are creating an untrusted auth. This is because xauth will replace the trusted auth in ~/.Xauthority (put there by xdm) with the untrusted one, preventing you from making any further trusted connections to the server. a646 4 The xterm terminal emulator now supports the active icon mode that was in X version 10 Release 4. See the xterm man page for further details. There is support in the xterm source to build xterm without the active icon mode for those who may care for some reason to not provide it. d648 4 a652 1 3.18. ANSIfication d654 1 a655 6 As noted previously under "Configuration Files", for pragmatic reasons we changed the way we use __STDC__ to test for standard C compilers. R6.1 was officially the last release that supported traditional K&R C. R6.3 assumes a standard C compiler and environment. We have not inten- tionally removed any K&R C support from old code; most of the release will continue to build on older platforms. d657 3 a661 1 4. Known Bugs d663 1 a664 2 There are no examples in this release showing how to use the print extension. CDE 2.1 has several such applications. d666 4 a669 1 lbxproxy fails to start on SCO Open Server. d671 1 a671 4 x11perf running through lbxproxy will tickle a drawing bug in cfb-based X servers that causes some lines and curves to be drawn to the wrong coordinates and outside the window boundaries. Use the -nogfx option to lbxproxy as a workaround on affected servers. a672 1 If proxymngr exits abnormally all managed proxies die. d674 5 a678 2 Documentation is missing on how to use the vertical writing and user- defined character support. d680 6 a685 1 Documentation is sparse on how to configure Xprt. a686 2 There are no example fonts in the release with vertical text escapement (``vertical writing fonts''). d689 1 a690 1 5. Filing Bug Reports d692 4 d697 4 a700 3 If you find a reproducible bug in software in the xc/ directory, or find bugs in the xc documentation, please send a bug report to The Open Group using the form in the file xc/bug-report and this destination address: d702 1 a702 1 xbugs@@x.org d704 1 d706 5 a710 3 Please try to provide all of the information requested on the form if it is applicable; the little extra time you spend on the report will make it much easier for someone to reproduce, find, and fix the bug. d712 6 a717 7 Bugs in the contributed software that is available on the net are not handled on any official basis. Consult the documentation for the indi- vidual software to see where (if anywhere) to report the bug. Many authors of contributed software subscribe to the mailing list "contrib- bugs" hosted at x.org, so this might be a useful place to report bugs. (To subscribe to contrib-bugs yourself, send email to contrib-bugs- request@@x.org.) d719 4 d724 1 d726 1 a726 31 6. Acknowledgements Release 6.3 of X Version 11 was brought to you by the X staff at the X Consortium, Inc.: Donna Converse (emeritus), Jim Fournier, Stephen Gil- dea (emeritus), Kaleb Keithley, Matt Landau (emeritus), Arnaud Le Hors, Ralph Mor (emeritus), Bob Scheifler, Ralph Swick, Ray Tice, Mark Welch (emeritus), and Dave Wiggins (emeritus). Kevin Samborn and George Tsang (emeritus) of the CDE staff at X Consortium, Inc. worked hard on the print extension, including the PostScript driver; David Kaelbling of the CDE staff converged the X, Motif, and CDE imake/config support and helped with Xos_r.h; and Daniel Dardailler (emeritus) of the CDE staff contributed the libXt geometry tracing code. Also, contractors Reed Augliere, Roger Helmendach (Liberty Systems), and Ann Pichey each worked on critical components. Several companies and individuals have cooperated and worked extremely hard to make this release a reality, and our thanks go out to them. You will find many of them listed in the acknowledgements in the individual specifications. Ken Raeburn of XFree86 and Cygnus Support contributed the gzip font compression support. The Common Desktop Environment sponsors Digital Equipment Corp, Fujitsu, Hewlett-Packard, Hitachi, IBM, Novell, and SunSoft jointly contributed the print extension and the Xlib vertical writing and user-defined char- acter support. Axel Deininger, Harry Phinney, Tom Gilg, Charles Prince, and Jim Miller all from Hewlett-Packard did the print extension and PCL and raster drivers. Fujitsu did the Xlib vertical writing and user- defined character support. d728 2 d731 2 @