DNSSEC-DSFROMKEY(1) | BIND 9 | DNSSEC-DSFROMKEY(1)

# NAME

dnssec-dsfromkey - DNSSEC DS RR generation tool

# SYNOPSIS

dnssec-dsfromkey [ -1 | -2 | -a alg ] [ -C ] [-T TTL] [-v level] [-K directory] {keyfile}

dnssec-dsfromkey [ -1 | -2 | -a alg ] [ -C ] [-T TTL] [-v level] [-c class] [-A] {-f file} [dnsname]

dnssec-dsfromkey [ -1 | -2 | -a alg ] [ -C ] [-T TTL] [-v level] [-c class] [-K directory] {-s} {dnsname}

dnssec-dsfromkey [ -h | -V ]

# DESCRIPTION

The dnssec-dsfromkey command outputs DS (Delegation Signer) resource records (RRs), or CDS (Child DS) RRs with the -C option.

By default, only KSKs are converted (keys with flags = 257). The -A option includes ZSKs (flags = 256). Revoked keys are never included.

The input keys can be specified in a number of ways:

By default, dnssec-dsfromkey reads a key file named in the format Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key, as generated by dnssec-keygen.

With the -f file option, dnssec-dsfromkey reads keys from a zone file or partial zone file (which can contain just the DNSKEY records).

With the -s option, dnssec-dsfromkey reads a keyset- file, as generated by dnssec-keygen -C.

# OPTIONS

-1
  This option is an abbreviation for -a SHA1. This digest is deprecated.

-2
  This option is an abbreviation for -a SHA-256.

-a algorithm
  This option specifies a digest algorithm to use when converting DNSKEY records to DS records. This option can be repeated, so that multiple DS records are created for each DNSKEY record.

  The algorithm must be one of SHA-1 (deprecated), SHA-256, or SHA-384. These values are case-insensitive, and the hyphen may be omitted. If no algorithm is specified, the default is SHA-256.

-A
  This option indicates that ZSKs are to be included when generating DS records. Without this option, only keys which have the KSK flag set are converted to DS records and printed. This option is only useful in -f zone file mode.

-c class
  This option specifies the DNS class; the default is IN. This option is only useful in -s keyset or -f zone file mode.

-C
  This option generates CDS records rather than DS records.

-f file
  This option sets zone file mode, in which the final dnsname argument of dnssec-dsfromkey is the DNS domain name of a zone whose master file can be read from file. If the zone name is the same as file, then it may be omitted.

  If file is -, then the zone data is read from the standard input. This makes it possible to use the output of the dig command as input, as in:

  dig dnskey example.com | dnssec-dsfromkey -f - example.com

-h
  This option prints usage information.

-K directory
  This option tells BIND 9 to look for key files or keyset- files in directory.

-s
  This option enables keyset mode, in which the final dnsname argument from dnssec-dsfromkey is the DNS domain name used to locate a keyset- file.

-T TTL
  This option specifies the TTL of the DS records. By default the TTL is omitted.

-v level
  This option sets the debugging level.

-V
  This option prints version information.

# EXAMPLE

To build the SHA-256 DS RR from the Kexample.com.+003+26160 keyfile, issue the following command:

dnssec-dsfromkey -2 Kexample.com.+003+26160

The command returns something similar to:

example.com. IN DS 26160 5 2 3A1EADA7A74B8D0BA86726B0C227AA85AB8BBD2B2004F41A868A54F0C5EA0B94

# FILES

The keyfile can be designated by the key identification Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii or the full file name Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key, as generated by dnssec-keygen.

The keyset file name is built from the directory, the string keyset-, and the dnsname.

# CAVEAT

A keyfile error may return "file not found," even if the file exists.

# SEE ALSO

dnssec-keygen(8), dnssec-signzone(8), BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual, RFC 3658 (DS RRs), RFC 4509 (SHA-256 for DS RRs), RFC 6605 (SHA-384 for DS RRs), RFC 7344 (CDS and CDNSKEY RRs).

# AUTHOR

Internet Systems Consortium

# COPYRIGHT

2026, Internet Systems Consortium

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