# Glossary

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

.htaccess

  the default name of Apache’s directory-level configuration file.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.htaccess>

ACL

  Access Control List

Blowfish

  a keyed, symmetric block cipher, designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blowfish_(cipher)>

Browser

  a software application that enables a user to display and interact with text, images, and other information typically located on a web page at a website on the World Wide Web.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browser>

bzip2

  a free software/open-source data compression algorithm and program developed by Julian Seward.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bzip2>

CGI

  Common Gateway Interface is an important World Wide Web technology that enables a client web browser to request data from a program executed on the Web server.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interface>

Changelog

  a log or record of changes made to a project.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Changelog>

Client

  a computer system that accesses a (remote) service on another computer by some kind of network.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Client_(computing)>

column

  a set of data values of a particularly simple type, one for each row of the table.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column_(database)>

Cookie

  a packet of information sent by a server to a World Wide Web browser and then sent back by the browser each time it accesses that server.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookie>

CSV

  Comma-separated values

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values>

DB

  look at database

database

  an organized collection of data.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database>

Engine

  look at storage engines

extension

  a PHP module that extends PHP with additional functionality.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_extension>

FAQ

  Frequently Asked Questions is a list of commonly asked question and there answers.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FAQ>

Field

  one part of divided data/columns.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_(computer_science)>

foreign key

  a column or group of columns in a database row that points to a key column or group of columns forming a key of another database row in some (usually different) table.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_key>

GD

  Graphics Library by Thomas Boutell and others for dynamically manipulating images.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GD_Graphics_Library>

GD2

  look at gd

gzip

  gzip is short for GNU zip, a GNU free software file compression program.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gzip>

host

  any machine connected to a computer network, a node that has a hostname.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Host>

hostname

  the unique name by which a network-attached device is known on a network.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hostname>

HTTP

  HyperText Transfer Protocol is the primary method used to transfer or convey information on the World Wide Web.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperText_Transfer_Protocol>

https

  a HTTP-connection with additional security measures.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Https:_URI_scheme>

IEC

  International Electrotechnical Commission

IIS

  Internet Information Services is a set of Internet-based services for servers using Microsoft Windows.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Information_Services>

Index

  a feature that allows quick access to the rows in a table.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_(database)>

IP

  Internet Protocol is a data-oriented protocol used by source and destination hosts for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol>

IP Address

  a unique number that devices use in order to identify and communicate with each other on a network utilizing the Internet Protocol standard.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_Address>

IPv6

  IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) is the latest revision of the Internet Protocol (IP), designed to deal with the long-anticipated problem of its predecessor IPv4 running out of addresses.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6>

ISAPI

  Internet Server Application Programming Interface is the API of Internet Information Services (IIS).

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISAPI>

ISP

  An Internet service provider is a business or organization that offers users access to the Internet and related services.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISP>

ISO

  International Standards Organisation

JPEG

  a most commonly used standard method of lossy compression for photographic images.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JPEG>

JPG

  look at jpeg

Key

  look at index

LATEX

  a document preparation system for the TEX typesetting program.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX>

Mac

  Apple Macintosh is a line of personal computers is designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Computer.

  . seealso:: <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac>

Mac OS X

  the operating system which is included with all currently shipping Apple Macintosh computers in the consumer and professional markets.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X>

mbstring

  The PHP mbstring functions provide support for languages represented by multi-byte character sets, most notably UTF-8.

  If you have troubles installing this extension, please follow 1.20 I receive an error about missing mysqli and mysql extensions., it provides useful hints.

  See also

  <https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.mbstring.php>

MCrypt

  a cryptographic library.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCrypt>

mcrypt

  the MCrypt PHP extension.

  See also

  <https://www.php.net/mcrypt>

MIME

  Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions is an Internet Standard for the format of e-mail.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME>

module

  some sort of extension for the Apache Webserver.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server>

mod_proxy_fcgi

  an Apache module implementing a Fast CGI interface; PHP can be run as a CGI module, FastCGI, or directly as an Apache module.

MySQL

  a multithreaded, multi-user, SQL (Structured Query Language) Database Management System (DBMS).

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySQL>

mysqli

  the improved MySQL client PHP extension.

  See also

  <https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.mysqli.php>

mysql

  the MySQL client PHP extension.

  See also

  <https://www.php.net/manual/en/book.mysql.php>

OpenDocument

  an open standard for office documents.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenDocument>

OS X

  look at Mac OS X.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OS_X>

PDF

  Portable Document Format is a file format developed by Adobe Systems for representing two-dimensional documents in a device-independent and resolution-independent format.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_Document_Format>

PEAR

  the PHP Extension and Application Repository.

  See also

  <https://pear.php.net/>

PCRE

  Perl Compatible Regular Expressions is the perl-compatible regular expression functions for PHP

  See also

  <https://www.php.net/pcre>

PHP

  short for “PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor”, is an open-source, reflective programming language used mainly for developing server-side applications and dynamic web content, and more recently, a broader range of software applications.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHP>

port

  a connection through which data is sent and received.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_(computing)>

primary key

  A primary key is an index over one or more fields in a table with unique values for every single row in this table. Every table should have a primary key for easier accessing/identifying data in this table. There can only be one primary key per table and it is named always PRIMARY. In fact, a primary key is just an unique key with the name PRIMARY. If no primary key is defined MySQL will use first unique key as primary key if there is one.

  You can create the primary key when creating the table (in phpMyAdmin just check the primary key radio buttons for each field you wish to be part of the primary key).

  You can also add a primary key to an existing table with ALTER TABLE or CREATE INDEX (in phpMyAdmin you can just click on ‘add index’ on the table structure page below the listed fields).

RFC

  Request for Comments (RFC) documents are a series of memoranda encompassing new research, innovations, and methodologies applicable to Internet technologies.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_Comments>

RFC 1952

  GZIP file format specification version 4.3

  See also

  RFC 1952

Row (record, tuple)

  represents a single, implicitly structured data item in a table.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row_(database)>

Server

  a computer system that provides services to other computing systems over a network.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_(computing)>

Storage Engines

  MySQL can use several different formats for storing data on disk, these are called storage engines or table types. phpMyAdmin allows a user to change their storage engine for a particular table through the operations tab.

  Common table types are InnoDB and MyISAM, though many others exist and may be desirable in some situations.

  See also

  <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/storage-engines.html>

socket

  a form of inter-process communication.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_domain_socket>

SSL

  Secure Sockets Layer is a cryptographic protocol which provides secure communication on the Internet.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_Sockets_Layer>

Stored procedure

  a subroutine available to applications accessing a relational database system

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stored_procedure>

SQL

  Structured Query Language

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL>

table

  a set of data elements (cells) that is organized, defined and stored as horizontal rows and vertical columns where each item can be uniquely identified by a label or key or by it’s position in relation to other items.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_(database)>

tar

  a type of archive file format: the Tape ARchive format.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tar_(file_format)>

TCP

  Transmission Control Protocol is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP>

TCPDF

  PHP library to generate PDF files.

  See also

  <https://tcpdf.org/>

trigger

  a procedural code that is automatically executed in response to certain events on a particular table or view in a database

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_trigger>

unique key

  A unique key is an index over one or more fields in a table which has a unique value for each row. The first unique key will be treated as primary key if there is no primary key defined.

URL

  Uniform Resource Locator is a sequence of characters, conforming to a standardized format, that is used for referring to resources, such as documents and images on the Internet, by their location.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL>

Webserver

  A computer (program) that is responsible for accepting HTTP requests from clients and serving them Web pages.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Webserver>

XML

  Extensible Markup Language is a W3C-recommended general-purpose markup language for creating special-purpose markup languages, capable of describing many different kinds of data.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XML>

ZIP

  a popular data compression and archival format.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZIP_(file_format)>

zlib

  an open-source, cross-platform data compression library by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler.

  See also

  <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlib>