PKG(8)

NAME
pkg, pkg-static - manipulate packages

SYNOPSIS
pkg [-v] [-d] [-l] [-N] [-j <jail name or id> | -c <chroot path> | -r <root directory>] [-C <configuration file>] [-R <repository configuration directory>] [-4 | -6] <command> <flags>

pkg [--version] [--debug] [--list] [-N] [--jail <jail name or id> | --chroot <chroot path> | --rootdir <root directory>] [--config <configuration file>] [--repo-conf-dir <repository configuration directory>] [-4 | -6] <command> <flags>

DESCRIPTION
pkg provides an interface for manipulating packages: registering, adding, removing and upgrading packages. pkg-static is a statically linked variant of pkg typically only used for the initial installation of pkg. There are some differences in functionality. See pkg.conf(5) for details.

OPTIONS
The following options are supported by pkg:

-v, --version
    Display the current version of pkg.

-d, --debug
    Show debug information.

-l, --list
    List all the available command names, and exit without performing any other action. The -v option takes precedence over -l but -l will override any other command line arguments.

-o <option=value>, --option <option=value>
    Set configuration option for pkg from the command line. Options that are set from the environment are redefined. It is permitted to specify this option multiple times.

-N  Activation status check mode. Prevent pkg from automatically creating or initializing the SQLite database in /usr/pkg/pkgdb/local.sqlite if it does not already exist.

    Prevent pkg from performing any actions if no packages are currently installed, on the basis that a correctly initialised system using pkg will always have at least the pkg package itself registered.

    If used without any other arguments, pkg -N will run the sanity tests and if successful print out a short message showing how many packages are currently installed. The exit status should be a reliable indication of whether a system is configured to use pkg as its package management system or not.

    Example usage:

          if pkg -N >/dev/null 2>&1; then
            # pkgng-specifics
          else
            # pkg_install-specifics
          fi

    The -N flag was first released in the /usr/sbin/pkg bootstrapper in FreeBSD 8.4, but was missing from FreeBSD 9.1. It may not be enough to just call pkg -N, as the bootstrapper may be invoked, or an error returned from pkg. The following script is the safest way to detect if pkg is installed and activated:

          if TMPDIR=/dev/null ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES=yes \
               PACKAGESITE=file:///nonexistent \
               pkg info -x 'pkg(-devel)?$' >/dev/null 2>&1; then
            # pkgng-specifics
          else
            # pkg_install-specifics
          fi

-j <jail name or id>, --jail <jail name or id>
    pkg will execute in the given <jail name or id>, where name matches “jls name” and id matches “jls jid”. See jail(8) and jls(8).

-c <chroot path>, --chroot <chroot path>
    pkg will chroot in the <chroot path> environment.

-r <root directory>, --rootdir <root directory>
    pkg will install all packages within the specified <root directory>.

-C <configuration file>, --config <configuration file>
    pkg will use the specified file as a configuration file.

-R <repo conf dir>, --repo-conf-dir <repo conf dir>
    pkg will search the directory for per-repository configuration files. This overrides any value of REPOS_DIR specified in the main configuration file.

-4  pkg will use IPv4 for fetching repository and packages.

-6  pkg will use IPv6 for fetching repository and packages.

COMMANDS
The following commands (or their unambiguous abbreviations) are supported by pkg:

help command
    Display usage information of the specified command.

add Install a package from either a local source or a remote one.

    When installing from remote source you need to specify the protocol to use when fetching the package.

    Currently supported protocols are FTP, HTTP and HTTPS.

annotate
    Add, modify or delete tag-value style annotations on packages.

alias
    List the command line aliases.

audit
    Audit installed packages against known vulnerabilities.

autoremove
    Delete packages which were automatically installed as dependencies and are not required any more.

backup
    Dump the local package database to a file specified on the command-line.

bootstrap
    This is for compatibility with the pkg(7) bootstrapper. If pkg is already installed, nothing is done.

    If invoked with the -f flag an attempt will be made to reinstall pkg from remote repository.

check
    Sanity checks installed packages.

clean
    Clean the local cache of fetched remote packages.

convert
    Convert to and from the old pkg_add(1) format.

create
    Create a package.

delete
    Delete a package from the database and the system.

fetch
    Fetch packages from a remote repository.

info
    Display information about installed packages.

install
    Install a package from a remote package repository. If a package is found in more than one remote repository, then installation happens from the first one. Downloading a package is tried from each package repository in turn, until the package is successfully fetched.

lock
    Prevent modification or deletion of a package.

plugins
    List the available plugins.

query
    Query information about installed packages.

register
    Register a package in the database.

repo
    Create a local package repository for remote usage.

rquery
    Query information for remote repositories.

search
    Search for the given pattern in the remote package repositories.

set Modify information in the installed database.

shell
    Open a SQLite shell to the local or remote database. Extreme care should be taken when using this command.

shlib
    Displays which packages link to a specific shared library.

stats
    Display package database statistics.

unlock
    Unlocks packages, allowing them to be modified or deleted.

update
    Update the available remote repositories as listed in pkg.conf(5).

updating
    Display UPDATING entries of installed packages.

upgrade
    Upgrade a package to a newer version.

version
    Summarize installed versions of packages.

which
    Query the database for package(s) that installed a specific file.

ENVIRONMENT
All configuration options from pkg.conf(5) can be passed as environment variables.

Extra environment variables are:

INSTALL_AS_USER
    Allow to do all manipulation as a regular user instead of checking for root credentials when appropriate.
    It is expected that the user will ensure that every file and directory manipulated by pkg are readable (or writable where appropriate) by the user.

FILES
See pkg.conf(5).

EXAMPLES
Search for a package:
    $ pkg search perl

Install a package:
    Installing must specify a unique origin or version otherwise it will try installing all matches.

    % pkg install perl-5.14

List installed packages:
    $ pkg info

Upgrade from remote repository:
    % pkg upgrade

Change the origin for an installed package:
    % pkg set -o lang/perl5.12:lang/perl5.14
    % pkg install -Rf lang/perl5.14

List non-automatic packages:
    $ pkg query -e '%a = 0' %o

List automatic packages:
    $ pkg query -e '%a = 1' %o

Delete an installed package:
    % pkg delete perl-5.14

Remove unneeded dependencies:
    % pkg autoremove

Change a package from automatic to non-automatic, which will prevent autoremove from removing it:
    % pkg set -A 0 perl-5.14

Change a package from non-automatic to automatic, which will make autoremove allow it be removed once nothing depends on it:
    % pkg set -A 1 perl-5.14

Create package file from an installed package:
    % pkg create -o /usr/pkgsrc/packages/All perl-5.14

Determine which package installed a file:
    $ pkg which /usr/pkg/bin/perl

Audit installed packages for security advisories:
    $ pkg audit

Check installed packages for checksum mismatches:
    # pkg check -s -a

Check for missing dependencies:
    # pkg check -d -a

SEE ALSO
pkg_printf(3), pkg_repos(3), pkg-repository(5), pkg.conf(5), pkg-add(8), pkg-alias(8), pkg-annotate(8), pkg-audit(8), pkg-autoremove(8), pkg-backup(8), pkg-check(8), pkg-clean(8), pkg-config(8), pkg-create(8), pkg-delete(8), pkg-fetch(8), pkg-info(8), pkg-install(8), pkg-lock(8), pkg-query(8), pkg-register(8), pkg-repo(8), pkg-rquery(8), pkg-search(8), pkg-set(8), pkg-shell(8), pkg-shlib(8), pkg-ssh(8), pkg-stats(8), pkg-update(8), pkg-updating(8), pkg-upgrade(8), pkg-version(8), pkg-which(8)

To build your own package set for one or multiple servers see ports-mgmt/poudriere

HISTORY
The pkg command first appeared in FreeBSD 9.1.

AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
Baptiste Daroussin <bapt@FreeBSD.org>, Julien Laffaye <jlaffaye@FreeBSD.org>, Philippe Pepiot <phil@philpep.org>, Will Andrews <will@FreeBSD.org>, Marin Atanasov Nikolov <dnaeon@gmail.com>, Yuri Pankov <yuri.pankov@gmail.com>, Alberto Villa <avilla@FreeBSD.org>, Brad Davis <brd@FreeBSD.org>, Matthew Seaman <matthew@FreeBSD.org>, Bryan Drewery <bryan@shatow.net>, Eitan Adler <eadler@FreeBSD.org>, Romain Tarti`ere <romain@FreeBSD.org>, Vsevolod Stakhov <vsevolod@FreeBSD.org>, Alexandre Perrin <alex@kaworu.ch>

BUGS
See the issue tracker at https://github.com/freebsd/pkg/issues

Please direct questions and issues to the pkg@FreeBSD.org mailing list.